形容词及其比较级和最高级.doc

形容词及其比较级和最高级I. 形容词（adj.）修饰名词, 在句子中作定语和表语。e.g. The beautiful girl speaks good English.(用于名词之前，作定语) Theres something interesting in the newspaper. (用于不定代词之后，作后置定语) The boys are clever. (用于be动词之后，作表语)II. 形容词的顺序：限观型龄色图国材III. 形容词比较级（-er）和最高级(-est)1. 变化规则1) adj.(单音节或部分双音节)er/est: tall-taller-tallest; great-greater-greatest; fast-faster-fastest; long-longer-longest; clever-cleverer-cleverest2) e +rst: nice-nicer-nicest; large-larger-largest; late-later-latest; safe-safer-safest3) “辅音字母y” 结尾的双音节，变y为i 加 erest: easy-easier-easiest; busy-busier-busiest; early-earlier-earliest; cloudy-cloudier-cloudiest; windy-windier-windiest; friendly-friendlier-friendliest; lovely-lovelier-loveliest; ugly-uglier-ugliest; happy-happier-happiest; lonely-lonelier-loneliest4) 重读闭音节(倒数辅元辅)，双写最后一个字母er/est: big-bigger-biggest; hot-hotter-hottest; thin-thinner-thinnest; sad-sadder-saddest; fat-fatter-fattest; wet-wetter-wettest; mad-madder-maddest; slim-slimmer-slimmest5) 部分双音节和多音节词，在该词前加morethe most: important- more important- the most important; beautiful- more beautiful- the most beautiful6) 以ing和ed结尾的形容词，在该词前加 more the most: boring-more boring-the most boring； bored-more bored-the most bored;interesting-more interesting-the most interesting7) 不规则变化：good/well-better-the best; bad/ill/badly-worse-the worst; many/much-more-the most; little-less- the least; 8) 以下形容词没有比较级和最高级：wonderful, favourite, fantastic, final, last, perfect, excellent, right, wrong, only, full2. 用法1) 比较级：A动词形容词的比较级than+ BHis brother is younger than I/me.Hangzhou is more beautiful than Chengdu.Are you feeling better(than before)?2) 在形容词比较级前可以用 much, even, still, far, a little, a bit, a lot, 以加强语气Our city is much more beautiful than yours(=your city).Japan is a little larger than Germany.Hes even slower than before.3) 表示倍数：times+形容词比较级thanOur room is twice larger than theirs. (我们的房间比他们的大两倍)This river is ten times longer than that river.4) 表示“大几岁”，“高几厘米”：表示数量的词形容词比较级Im two years older than you.Shes a head taller than I/me. (她比我高一个头)5) 表示“比其他任何。都。”：比较级than any other+ 名词单数He is better than any other student in the class. （他在班里比任何一个学生都好) He is the best in the class.= He is better than the other students in the class.This watch is more expensive than any other watch in the shop.= This watch is the most expensive one in the shop.= This watch is more expensive than the other watches in the shop.6) 表示“越来越。” ：比较级and 比较级The weather is getting warmer and warmer. 天气变得越来越暖和 China is more and more beautiful.7) 表示“越。 就。”：the +比较级。， the +比较级。The busier he is, the happier he feels.The richer she becomes, the happier she is.8) 表示“两个中比较。的”：the +比较级of the twoThis watch is the cheaper of the two.Of the two girls, Lynn is the cleverer. 9) 形容词的原级比较：A+动词as 形容词原级 as +BTom is as honest as John. Tom 和John 一样诚实。My dog is as old as that one.He is not as/so careful as I. 他不如我细心。(注意否定句)He is more careless than I. I am more careful than him.The weather in Beijing is not as/so hot as that in Wuhan. =The weather in Wuhan is hotter than that in Beijing. （代替前面出现过的名词用that 和those）The students in Class 1 are as clever as those in Class 2.10) 最高级：A+动词形容词最高级of/in (形容词最高级前必须用 the)Tom is the happiest of us.This park is the most beautiful of the three.She is the youngest in the class.11) 表示“是最。之一”：one of the +形容词最高级Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in China.Richard Gere is one of the most successful film stars in Hollywood today.12) 序数词最高级Huanghe is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国的第二长河。China is the third largest country in the world. 13) 用于现在完成时态中She is the most beautiful girl Ive ever seen.副词及其比较级和最高级I. 副词的种类1 频率副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never(情态动词，be动词，助动词之后；行为动词之前)2 时间副词：today, soon, now3 地点副词：here, there, home, out4 程度副词：very, much, enough, nearly5 方式副词：well, fast, carefully, slowly(放在动词之后，修饰动词)II 形容词与副词的转换1 adj.+ly adv.:quick-quickly; bad-badly; slow-slowly; kind-kindly; careful-carefully; final-finally2 -yi+ly: easy-easily; heavy-heavily; happy-happily; noisy-noisily3 -lely: terrible-terribly, possible-possibly, simple-simply 4 adj.和 adv.同型: late, early, fast, well, far, hard, high, right, wrongShe arrived at school late (adv.) today. She is late (adj.) today.The plane flew past a high (adj.) tower. The bird flies high (adv.) in the sky.This kind of wood is hard(adj.坚硬的). She studies hard(adv.努力地).III 副词的比较级和最高级1 规则：1) 与adj.同型的adv.，比较级和最高级与形容词的比较级和最高级一样。2) 以ly 结尾的adv., 在该词前加more (the) most smply- more simply-most simply2 用法：1) I got up earlier than my mother this morning.She drives more carefully than her husband.2) I like spring better than winter. (更喜欢。)Which do you like better, red or blue?3) They run much faster than me.4) He drives more carefully than any other person in his family.= He drives (the) most carefully in his family.= He drives more carefully than the other people in his family.5) The plane is flying more and more quickly.6) The more you eat, the fatter you become.7) He walks as slowly as you (do).She loves her school as much as her own home.I dont speak as/so fast as you.= I speak more slowly than you= You speak faster than I 8) Tom can run (the) fastest in our school. (副词最高级前 the 可以省掉)She dances (the) best of all.I like autumn (the) best (of the three seasons).形容词副词比较级最高级练习I. Write down the comparative degree and the superlative degree forms of the following words. (10 marks)good/well bad/illmuch/many little far old thin importantmodern clever ugly beautifulfantastic handsometall favouritenice intelligentcareful wrongslimII. Multiple choice(15 marks)( ) 1. I dont like winter because its _. A. cold B. colder C. coldest D. more cold( ) 2. Which is _ season in a year?A. good B. better C. best D. the best( ) 3. Lillie feels _ today than yesterday, so we must send her to hospital.A. badB. badlyC. worse D. worst( ) 4. My kitchen is small, but my bathroom is _ smaller. It can only hold a bath, a shower and a toilet. There is no place for a washbasin.A. moreB. mostC. evenD. many( ) 5. Which subject(课程) do you like _, English or history（历史）?A. betterB. good C. wellD. best( ) 6. Simon looks _ of the three boys.A. tallB. tallerC. the tallestD. highest( ) 7. Tom is _ than me.A. 2 years youngB. 3 months oldC. 4 weeks youngerD. 5 days bigger( ) 8. Our new classroom in Wenjiang campus(校园) is _ than that in our old campus in Chengdu. A. big B. biger C. bigger D. biggest( ) 9. - This is very beautiful.- Yes, at least its _ the one I bought last week.A. as bad asB. better thanC. worse thanD. not better than( ) 10. In general(通常), people in the east are _ those in the west.A. short and darkB. shorter and darker thanC. as short and darker thanC. as shorter and darker( ) 11. He is as _ as Peter when he does his homework now, so his mother is very happy. A. careful B. more carefulC. most carefulD. carefully( ) 12. Lily doesnt dance so _ as May.A. better B. wellC. niceD. beautiful( ) 13. Which is _ of the two mugs, the green one or the yellow one? A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. the most beautiful D. the more beautiful( ) 14. Do you know this new book is _ the old one. A. as cheaper as B. not as cheapest as C. as cheap so D. not so cheap as( ) 15. “_ you eat, _ you are. But its not good for your health(健康). Dont be silly, young lady.” A. Little, thin B. Less, thinner C. The least, the thinnest D. The less, the thinner III. Words transformation.(10 marks)1. As we know, the earth is getting _now because of the air pollution(污染) (warm).2. Shanghai is _city in China. (big)3. Which one is _, English or maths (difficult) ?4. The Yellow River is very _ and its the second _ river in China (long).5. It is even _ in August than that in July in South China. (hot)6. Do you know this is _ story Ive ever read (interesting).7. The boys in my class are as _ as those in the basketball team in our school(队) (tall).8. Hes _ of the two boys, but their father is _ in their family (handsome).9. I dont need more because I dont want to be a little _ than now. (fat)10. Robin is _(brave and kind) in his class.11. Its _ fun to travel to H