DirectX的简单使用.docx

MFC中DirectX的使用一、Direct3D的使用：渲染背景11、首先12、声明变量22.1点精灵方式贴入22.2绘制四边形模型，图片以纹理方式贴入3二、DircetInput的使用（俗称五部曲）61、声明变量62、函数6三、DirectSound的使用71、变量声明72、函数8一、Direct3D的使用：渲染背景1、首先头文件：#include #include 库文件：（当然最初要先把文件导入到工程中：VC2008版本从工具中选项卡选择属性找到VC+目录，然后添加包含文件和库文件；若是VC2010在类视图窗口鼠标右击工程文件选择属性找VC+目录）#pragma comment(lib, d3d9.lib) #pragma comment(lib, d3dx9.lib)2、声明变量添加图片是以纹理方式贴入，用的是点精灵贴入。（当然也可以通过构造模型载入纹理）2.1点精灵方式贴入LPDIRECT3D9 m_D3D; /d3d对象指针 LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 m_D3DDevice;/d3d设备对象指针LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 g_pTex; /纹理 LPD3DXSPRITE g_pSprite; /点精灵/在mainFrame类中，初始化D3D，（因为初始化时用到窗口句柄HWND参数，这里直接使用的是MainFrame的窗口句柄m_hWnd。在CView类中用它的句柄试过，好像不行*，若直接获取MainFrame窗口句柄： /CMainFrame* frame =(CMainFrame*)AfxGetApp()-m_pMainWnd;/HWND hWnd = frame-m_hWnd;/HWND hWnd = AfxGetMainWnd()-m_hWnd;/获取主窗口句柄这样的话会显示窗口，不能实现，有待研究！）/初始化D3Dbool CMainFrame:InitializeD3D(HWND hWnd)D3DDISPLAYMODE displayMode; m_D3D = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION);/参数为版本号if(m_D3D = NULL)return false;if(FAILED(m_D3D-GetAdapterDisplayMode(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, &displayMode)/默认显卡，获取显示格式存入displayMode中return false;D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;ZeroMemory(&d3dpp,sizeof(d3dpp);d3dpp.Windowed = true;d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = displayMode.Format;if(hWnd = NULL)reutrn false;/CString str = _T(hwnd = NULL);/AfxMessageBox(str);elseif(FAILED(m_D3D-CreateDevice(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,hWnd,D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING, &d3dpp, &m_D3DDevice)/创建D3D设备m_D3DDevicereturn false;return true;创建完D3D和显示设备后，创建点精灵和纹理D3DXCreateSprite(m_D3DDevice, &g_pSprite )/创建点精灵FAILED(D3DXCreateTextureFromFile(m_D3DDevice,Lbackground0.bmp, &g_pTex)创建纹理 现在可以渲染屏幕了 m_D3DDevice-Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0,0,0), 1.0f, 0); / Begin the scene. Start rendering. m_D3DDevice-BeginScene(); if (SUCCEEDED( g_pSprite-Begin(D3DXSPRITE_ALPHABLEND) ) ) g_pSprite-Draw(g_pTex,NULL, NULL, NULL, 0xffffffff); g_pSprite-End(); m_D3DDevice-EndScene(); / Display the scene. m_D3DDevice-Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);2.2绘制四边形模型，图片以纹理方式贴入LPDIRECT3D9 g_pD3D = NULL; /Direct3D对象 LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 g_pd3dDevice = NULL; /Direct3D设备对象 LPDIRECT3DVERTEXBUFFER9 g_pVB = NULL; /顶点缓冲区对象 LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 g_pTex = NULL; /纹理 struct CUSTOMVERTEX FLOAT x, y, z, rhw; FLOAT u, v; ; #define D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX (D3DFVF_XYZRHW|D3DFVF_TEX1) /顶点格式 /- / Desc: 初始化Direct3D /- HRESULT InitD3D( HWND hWnd ) /创建Direct3D对象, 该对象用于创建Direct3D设备对象 if( NULL = ( g_pD3D = Direct3DCreate9( D3D_SDK_VERSION ) ) ) return E_FAIL; /设置D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS结构, 准备创建Direct3D设备对象 D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp; ZeroMemory( &d3dpp, sizeof(d3dpp) ); d3dpp.Windowed = TRUE; d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD; d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = D3DFMT_UNKNOWN; /创建Direct3D设备对象 if( FAILED( g_pD3D-CreateDevice( D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, hWnd, D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING, &d3dpp, &g_pd3dDevice ) ) ) return E_FAIL; /加载纹理 if (FAILED(D3DXCreateTextureFromFile(g_pd3dDevice, LWater lilies.jpg, &g_pTex) return E_FAIL; return S_OK; /- / Desc: 创建并填充顶点缓冲区 /- HRESULT InitVB() /顶点数据 CUSTOMVERTEX vertices = 100.0f, 100.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, 0.f, 0.f , 400.0f, 100.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, 1.f, 0.f, 400.0f, 400.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, 1.f, 1.f, 100.0f, 100.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, 0.f, 0.f , 400.0f, 400.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, 1.f, 1.f, 100.0f, 400.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, 0.f, 1.f, ; /创建顶点缓冲区 if( FAILED( g_pd3dDevice-CreateVertexBuffer( 6*sizeof(CUSTOMVERTEX), 0, D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX, D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, &g_pVB, NULL ) ) ) return E_FAIL; /填充顶点缓冲区 VOID* pVertices; if( FAILED( g_pVB-Lock( 0, sizeof(vertices), (void*)&pVertices, 0 ) ) ) return E_FAIL; memcpy( pVertices, vertices, sizeof(vertices) ); g_pVB-Unlock(); return S_OK; VOID Render() /清空后台缓冲区 g_pd3dDevice-Clear( 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(45, 50, 170), 1.0f, 0 ); /开始在后台缓冲区绘制图形 if( SUCCEEDED( g_pd3dDevice-BeginScene() ) ) /在后台缓冲区绘制图形 g_pd3dDevice-SetStreamSource( 0, g_pVB, 0, sizeof(CUSTOMVERTEX) ); g_pd3dDevice-SetFVF( D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX ); g_pd3dDevice-SetTexture(0, g_pTex); g_pd3dDevice-DrawPrimitive( D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST, 0, 2 ); /第三个参数代表三角形的个数，2个三角形构成矩形/结束在后台缓冲区绘制图形 g_pd3dDevice-EndScene(); /将在后台缓冲区绘制的图形提交到前台缓冲区显示 g_pd3dDevice-Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL ); 当然不要忘了Release（）各个指针，并且按照声明的逆顺序释放。二、DircetInput的使用（俗称五部曲）1、声明变量/首先是全局变量的定义 LPDIRECTINPUT8 g_pDirectInput = NULL;LPDIRECTINPUTDEVICE8g_pKeyboardDevice=NULL;、设备接口对象charg_pKeyStateBuffer256=0;HINSTANCE hInstance = AfxGetInstanceHandle();D3DDISPLAYMODE displayMode;2、函数/- /第1步创键DirectInput接口和设备，简称创设备 /- / g_pDirectInput directinput类型指针/初始化DirectInput指针DirectInput8Create(hInstance，0x0800，IID_IDirectInput8，(void*)&g_pDirectInput，NULL);/创建DirectInput设备 g_pDirectInput-CreateDevice(GUID_SysKeyboard，&g_pKeyboardDevice，NULL);/- /第2步设置数据格式和协作级别，简称设格式 /- /设置数据格式和协作级别 g_pKeyboardDevice-SetDataFormat(&c_dfDIKeyboard);/标准键盘输入格式g_pKeyboardDevice-SetCooperativeLevel(hwnd，DISCL_FOREGROUND|DISCL_NONEXCLUSIVE);/前台非独占模式/- /第3步获取设备控制权，简称拿权力 因为设备可能被其他程序占用/- g_pKeyboardDevice-Acquire();/- / 第4步 获取按键情况并做响应，简称取按键 /- /读取键盘输入 :ZeroMemory(g_pKeyStateBuffer，sizeof(g_pKeyStateBuffer);Device_Read(g_pKeyboardDevice，(LPVOID)g_pKeyStateBuffer，sizeof(g_pKeyStateBuffer);/定义的全局函数 BOOLDevice_Read(IDirectInputDevice8*pDIDevice，void*pBuffer，longlSize)HRESULThr;while(true)pDIDevice-Poll();/轮询设备 pDIDevice-Acquire();/获取设备的控制权 if(SUCCEEDED(hr=pDIDevice-GetDeviceState(lSize，pBuffer)break;/数据放入到自定义缓存pBuffer中if(hr!=DIERR_INPUTLOST|hr!=DIERR_NOTACQUIRED)returnFALSE;if(FAILED(pDIDevice-Acquire()returnFALSE;returnTRUE;/然后就是用if判断并做响应了，如下面一句代码 if(g_pKeyStateBufferDIK_A&0x80) fPosX-=0.005f;/x轴坐标 左移/- /第5步释放控制权和接口对象，简称释对象 /- g_pKeyboardDevice-Unacquire();SAFE_RELEASE(g_pKeyboardDevice)三、DirectSound的使用1、变量声明LPDIRECTSOUND pDS;LPDIRECTSOUNDBUFFER pPBuf;/主缓存区LPDIRECTSOUNDBUFFER pSBuf;/次缓冲区DSBUFFERDESC desc;WAVEFORMATEX pwfmt;WAVEFORMATEX swfmt;MMCKINFO ckRiff;MMCKINFO ckInfo;MMRESULT mmResult;HMMIO hmmio;DWORD size;2、函数bool DSound:InitializeDSound(HWND hwnd)if(FAILED(DirectSoundCreate(NULL,&pDS,NULL)return false;pDS-SetCooperativeLevel(hwnd,DSSCL_PRIORITY);memset(&desc,0,sizeof(desc);/建立主缓冲区desc.dwSize = sizeof(desc);desc.dwFlags = DSBCAPS_PRIMARYBUFFER;desc.dwBufferBytes = 0;desc.lpwfxFormat = NULL;if(FAILED(pDS-CreateSoundBuffer(&desc,&pPBuf,NULL)return false;/read in bufferreturn true;void DSound:SetFormat()memset(&pwfmt,0,sizeof(pwfmt);pwfmt.wFormatTag = WAVE_FORMAT_PCM;pwfmt.nChannels = 2;pwfmt.nSamplesPerSec = 44100;pwfmt.wBitsPerSample = 16;pwfmt.nBlockAlign = pwfmt.wBitsPerSample/8 * pwfmt.nChannels;pwfmt.nAvgBytesPerSec = pwfmt.nSamplesPerSec * pwfmt.nBlockAlign;pPBuf-SetFormat(&pwfmt);bool DSound:ReadFile()hmmio = mmioOpen(_T(sound.wav),NULL,MMIO_ALLOCBUF|MMIO_READ);if(hmmio = NULL)return false;/文件不存在ckRiff.fccType = mmioFOURCC(W,A,V,E);/设置文件类型mmResult = mmioDescend(hmmio,&ckRiff,NULL,MMIO_FINDRIFF);/查找类型if(mmResult != MMSYSERR_NOERROR)return false; /文件格式错误ckInfo.ckid = mmioFOURCC(f,m,t, ); /设定区块类型mmResult = mmioDescend(hmmio,&ckInfo,&ckRiff,MMIO_FINDCHUNK); if(mmResult != MMSYSERR_NOERROR)return false;/文件格式错误if(mmioRead(hmmio,(HPSTR)&swfmt,sizeof(swfmt) = -1) /读取档案格式return false;/文件读取格式失败mmResult = mmioAscend(hmmio,&ckInfo,0); /跳出子区块ckInfo.ckid = mmioFOURCC(d,a,t,a); /设定区块类型mmResult = mmioDescend(hmmio,&ckInfo,&ckRiff,MMIO_FINDCHUNK);/搜寻区块if(mmResult != MMSYSERR_NOERROR)return false; /文件格式错误；size = ckInfo.cksize; /取得实际资料大小/mmioClose(hmmio,0);return true;bool DSound:BuildSecondBuffer()/private load memset(&desc,0,sizeof(desc);desc.dwSize = sizeof(desc);desc.dwBufferBytes = size;desc.lpwfxFormat = &swfmt;desc.dwFlags = DSBCAPS_STATIC|DSBCAPS_CTRLPAN| DSBCAPS_CTRLVOLUME|DSBCAPS_GLOBALFOCUS;/|DSBCAPS_GLOBAFOCUS;if(FAILED(pDS-CreateSoundBuffer(&desc,&pSBuf,NULL)return false;return true;bool DSound:LoadInSecondBuffer()LPVOID pAudio;DWORD bytesAudio;BuildSecondBuffer();if(FAILED(pSBuf-Lock(0,size,&pAudio,&bytesAudio,NULL,NULL,NULL)return false;/锁定缓冲失败mmResult = mmioRead(hmmio,(HPSTR)pAudio,bytesAudio);if(mmResult = -1)return false;/读取音文件数据失败if(FAILED(pSBuf-Unlock(pAudio,bytesAudio,NULL,NULL)return false;/解除锁定缓冲区失败mmioClose(hmmio,0);return true;void DSound:Play(HWND hwnd)InitializeDSound(hwnd)SetFormat();if