宾语从句2013年上期公开课.docVIP

英语中考考点专讲:宾语从句 1、 概念 在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句（也就是说一个句子被用来作另一个句子的宾语）。e.g 1、I know him .（代词作宾语）2、I know Mr Li teaches English. (句子作宾语）3、I dont know if he will come tomorrow（句子作宾语） 4、Can you tell me how tall you are now？（句子作宾语） 练习：判断下列句子是不是宾语从句1、I enjoy playing basketball.( ) 2、I decide to study hard. （ ） 3、She asked if the answer was right.( ) 4、I think he is a teacher.( )二、宾语从句三要素： 连接词、语序、时态 （一）连接词（也叫关联词）引导宾语从句的连接词，课本上写有三类，但从学习的角度看分为四类更为实用。1、由that引导的宾语从句。注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略e.g. 1) I hear (that) _he will be back in an hour.（一小时后他会回来） 2) He said (that) _he missed us very much.（他非常想念我们）2、由从属连词whether, if （均翻译成“是否”）引导的宾语从句1). I want to know if (whether) he will go to the park with us.2). Ask him _whether (if) he can come.在宾语从句中用whether没有用if时受到那么多限制。例如： 用If 还是用whether ？在宾语从句中：a、与or not 连用只能用whetherI dont know _ he will come or not.b、介词后只能用whetherI dont care of _ he is handsome.3连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which等，它们起连接作用，作句子成分，各有其自己的意义。Eg:1）Theteacheraskedthenewstudentwhichclasshewasin？ 2）Canyoutellmewhom/whoheiswaitingfor? 3). He asked who could answer the question.4连接副词when，where，why，how：起连接作用，分别作时间、地点、原因、方式状语，各有其自己的意义。 eg:1)Iwonderwherehegotsomuchmoney对他从哪里弄到那么多钱我感到疑惑。 2)Hedidnttellmehowoldhisfriendwas他没有告诉我他的朋友多大了。3) Please tell me when we will have a meeting.请告诉我我们将什么时候举行会议。Note: 1.当宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑问时,不能按正常语序安排,经常将这类引导词置于句首Who do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this year?你认为今年公众会选谁为他们最喜欢的歌手?2.由who,what,which,how,when,where等引导的宾语从句有事可以变成“who,what,how等+to do”结构。eg:Could you tell me how I can get to the station? Could you tell me how to get to the station？练习( )1.I think _ you will like him. A. that B. which C. why D. how( )2. I dont know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, Ill tell you A. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If ( )3. Would you like to know _they will do it or not. A. if B. that C. whether D. why( )4. - Do you know _ he is? - He says “1.75 meters”, but Im not sure. A. how many B. how old C. how far D. how tall ( )5. - Be careful! Dont break the bottles. Do you hear _ I said, David? - Yes, mum. A. what B. that C. why D. if （二）语序：牢记宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序，（陈述句语序 即陈述句结构“连接词主语谓语其他”）。将下列句子改成陈述句语序： 1.Can we go shopping? 2.Are they doing homework? 3.Do you like Chinese?判断正误 1.你能不能告诉我，我们去看望谁？ Canyoutellmewho（m）dowehavetosee？（ ） Canyoutellmewho（m）wehavetosee？( )2.你知道飞机什么时候到达巴黎吗？ DoyouknowwhattimedoestheplanearriveinParis?（ ） DoyouknowwhattimetheplanearrivesinParis？（ ） 判断是否为陈述语序1. I want to know when will he go to the park.（ ）2.Ask him whether (if) he can come（ ）3.I dont know whether is it going to rain or not（ ）（三）时态 (时态一致性）1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是任何_时态。 eg:1）I dont think you are right. 2）Please tell us where well go fishing tomorrow.3）Do you know when Mr. Smith moved here?2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如： eg:1）He told me that he was born in Beijing in 1992.2）He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon. 3. 当宾语从句表示的是普遍真理时，无论主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时。eg:1) The teacher said the moon travels around the earth.练习( )1.Can you tell me _ ? A. where does Tom live B. where Tom lived C. Tom lives where D. where Tom lives( ) 2.The doctor asked me how long _ . A.was I ill B. have I been ill C. I have been ill D. I had been ill( ) 3.She told me the sun _ in the east. A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had risen( )4. Could you tell me where _ yesterday? A. did you go B. you go C. you have gone D. you went 总结提升宾语从句小口诀：宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether, 特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。 中考真题回放 ( )1.Can you guess_yesterday ? -_sorry,Ive no idea about it.（2012衡阳中考.29题） A.when did he came back B.when he came back C.how long he came back ( )2.-Sally,whats wrong with your computer ?（2010衡阳中考.30题） -I dont know_.May I need to get someone check it. A.whats wrong B.what was wrong C.what wrong is ( )3.He asked me where 2012 Olympics _held.(2012常德中考.30题） A.was B.will be C.would be ( )4.Could you tell me why _?(2011长沙中考.40题) -Because I want to help the people there. A.do you to go Tibet B.did you go to Tibet C.are you going to Tibet D.you are going to Tibet 跟踪练习.单项选择1. Some of my friends are interesting in science, but none of them can tell _. . A. when UFOs will appear next time B. why do horses know the way C. where was this kind of plant found D. how do elephants communicate2. -May I come in ? Im sorry I am late. -Come in, please. But could you please tell me _. ? A. why you are late again B. what were you doing then C. who you talked with D. how do you come to school3. -Could you please tell me _. ? -Bus No.32 will take you right there. A. where is Henan Museum B. what Henan Museum is like C. how can I get to Henan Museum D. which bus I shall take to Henan Museum4. Peter says that the Whites are on holiday, but no one knows _. . A. where they have been B. where are they C. where are they from D. where they have gone5. He wanted to know _.the English party. A. when will we have B. when we will have C. when would we have D. when we would have6. I want to know _. . A. when we should arrive at the airport B. when should we arrive at the airport C. when the airport we should arrive at D. when the airport should we arrive at7.-David, look at the man in white over there. Can you tell me _. ? -He is a doctor. A. who is he B. who he is C. what is he D. what he is8. -Could you tell me _. ? He is wanted by the head teacher. -Sorry, Ive no idea. But he _ here just now. A. where Tim; was B. where is Tim; was C. where Tim is; was D. where Tim is; is9.-Im a teenagers mother. Sometimes I dont know_ . -Love and understanding. A. what my son needs most B. what does my son want to get C. why my son gets annoyed very often D. why does my son get annoyed very often.10. -I wonder _ without water -About a week. A. how long man can live B. how long can man