课件：以案例来看出口补贴(english).ppt

Export subsidies in case of view,News：Sinopec has full stopped oil exports from march. On April 19,when interviewed by the daily economic news (micro Po)，the Deputy general manager Xia Shixiang revealed that, execution to stop exporting more than a year of refinery export subsidies also began to cancel from this month.,Earlier,Sinopec launched export product prices subsidies in March,2010,to encourage its refineries export gasoline and diesel in March. A under refinerys authority from Sinopec said, this subsidy standards for each tons of 130 yuan. Analysts believe, this indicated that the oil costs surge, refinery enthusiasm decline. But power failures mayexpedite domestic oil demand in the second and third quarter rapid warming. Oil companies worry about fuel shortages struck again, so they prepare earlier.,Before 2005, Countries used export tax rebates way to encourage the oil export.In 2007, When the supply in domestic market was tight, to increase imports of oil, Countries carried out the policy of import VAT refund to the two companies.,Export Subsidies,definition Export subsidies is also called export benefit.In order to reduce the export commodity prices and increase their competitiveness in international market,government. When export the goods gives the exporters cash subsidies or fiscal preferential treatment.,Pattern Directly subsidies Direct subsidies is that the government paid directly to exporters cash subsidies in merchandise exports. Its purpose is to compensate for the damage that export commodities of the international market price lower than domestic market price. Sometimes, subsidies amount may also greatly exceed the actual price difference, this already contains the rewards of exports. The subsidy way of agricultural products is typical in the EU of export subsidies. According to statistics, the EUs subsidies to farmers total up to 80 billion dollars in 1994. Indirectly subsidies Indirect subsidies is that the government give financial preferential for certain commodities exports. Such as returning and reducing Sales tax,Consumption tax,value-added tax,income tax and some other Domestic tax when they export goods.to Import raw materials and Half finished products processing to export,they can obtain Temporary duty-free and return Import taxes which is paid and can be exempted from export duties. Implement extension of export commodities pay tax, reduce freight, provide low-interest loans, adopts preferential exchange rate and provide subsidies to export market for enterprise development. Its purpose is still to lower the cost of goods, improve the international competitiveness.,（subsidy to oligopoly and Monopoly）,We can see 130 yuan per ton subsidy as direct subsidy.Before 2005,that China used export tax rebate to encourage refined oil product export is the form of indirect subsidy.,Though trade can make everyone better off, countries would use export subsidy according to their specific conditions thinking about this three factors: NO1: support and protect native industries. NO2: improve the balance of trade. （think about GDP=C+I+G+X-M） NO3: enhance the welfare level.（for example, recently suspending the export subsidy of Oil export refinery takes the native consumers demand into account. ） Export subsidy as a kind of incentives indicates that people will respond to incentives.,Sinopec Group,Data: U.S. agriculture secretary Tom Wells announced on May 23, 2009, The United States will provide export subsidies for 9.1 million tons of dairy products. These dairy milk, butter and cheese to give priority to.Wells said, this measure was not violate Americans world trade organization commitment. In January this year, the European Union also announced a similar dairy products export subsidies measures. Australia warned, If other economies imitated the United States and the European Union, undoubtedly it will harm the WTO systems effectiveness and credibility. In the early 2002, the EU subsidies to skim milk powder manufacturers by $260 / ton increase to 434 dollars a ton, and the subsidies for full-milk powder manufacturers by 678 dollars/ton increase to 795 dollars a ton.,European and American Farm Products (the perfectly competitive industry subsidies),The exporting country (1) From a macro perspective, export subsidies will help to improve the trade balance, increase GDP. (2)Enterprises, good to achieve economies of scale, specialization of production and so on. (3) Consumers, not help to increase consumer welfare. (4) Citizens to protect the national employment.,In a way, State of the import and export just the opposite U.S. dairy export subsidies ,following the European Union announced a similar dairy products made under the export subsidy measures, from a certain point of view, is a “herding“.,后面内容直接删除就行 资料可以编辑修改使用 资料可以编辑修改使用 资料仅供参考，实际情况实际分析,主要经