四级专项练习汉译英.doc

四级专项练习：汉译英1. The substance does not dissolve in water_ _whether (it is ) heated or not_(不管是否加热)。 _no matter whether its heated or not _解析：whether.or(not) 引导让步状语从句，意为：不管.no matter与疑问词who, what, where, when, how, if, whether等连用，意为“无论，不管”。如：1) Dont open the door, no matter who comes.不管谁来都别开门。2) Dont trust him, no matter what he says.无论他说什么，都别相信他。3) No matter where you work, you can always find time to study.无论你在哪里工作，你都能找到时间学习。4) No matter when and how the invaders come, they will be wiped out clean.无论侵略者什么时候来，怎样来，他们必将被消灭得一干二净。5)Are you going home?你回家吗？Not yet. No matter how hard I work, there is always more to do.还不行。不管我干得多么卖力，总是有做不完的工作。6) Mary wanted to get to school on time, no matter if she went without breakfast.玛丽就是不吃早餐也要准时赶到学校。7)No matter whether it is light or dark at that hour,weve decided to leave at five oclock in the morning.不管到时候是否天亮，我们都已决定早晨5点离开。2. Not only _did he charge me too much/ did he overcharge me_(他向我收费过高)，but he didnt do a good repair job either。解析：表示否定意义的词或词组位于句首时，要用倒装。这类词或词组有：Never RarelyScarcelyNotNot oftenNot until On no accountHardly.whenOn no considerationIn no circumstancesIn no wayAt no timeBy no meansNot infrequentlyNot only (merely,alone, simply.but alsoSeldomLittleHardlyNowhereNot a bitStill lessNot on any accountNo sooner.thanNeither.norUnder no circumstancesNot on ones lifeIn no caseIn vainNot once or twice3. Your losses in trade this year are nothing _compared with mine_(与我的相比)。4. On average, it is said, visitors spend only_ half as much money_(一半的钱)in a day in Leeds as in London.5. By contrast, American mothers were more likely _to owe/attribute their childrens success to_(把孩子的成功归因于)natural talent.6. The driver asked a policeman, “_where can I park the car_(我可以在哪儿停车）?7. James didnt attend the meeting and neither did his wife_(他妻子也一样).解析：如果前面句子中所说情况后面句子也适用，那么后句常用so(肯定句），nor, either, no more(否定句）引导构成倒装句，并且用do,does, did 代替实义动词。You have helped her, and so has she you.He is a good student, so he is.She cant understand his lecture, no more can I.8. He told us that only in this way _could we achieve/obtain success/succeed_(我们才能取得成功).解析：only+状语位于句首表示强调是用倒装Only in this way can we learn English well.Only when you have obtained sufficient data can yo come to a sound conclusion.9. No sooner _had the younger brother entered /gone into the forest (弟弟一进入森林)than he found the river and swam across it.10. Well _do I remember those days_( 我记得那些日子) when we were at school together.解析：well/Often/frequently/brightly/happily/gladly等表示方式，程度的副词位于句首要倒装Gladly would I accept your proposal.11. Through the window _came/comes the sounds of the/a plane_(传来了飞机的嗡嗡声).12. You cant find Anna in the yard, for _she was seen to enter the house_( 有人看见她走进了房子)。13. When I arrived at the site, I saw him _being carried away on the stretcher_( 正在被人用担架抬走).14. She told me that he had been offered a highly-paid/highly-salaried/well-paid /lucrative job/position_( 有人给他提供了一个高薪的职位).15. The football match is beginning now, so you are not allowed _to cut across/walk across/through/cross the playground_(从操场中间穿过去). 16. Surprisingly, their performance _turned out to be very successful/ to be a great success_( 结果竟然非常成功).17. The child was run over by a tractor_( 被一辆拖拉机轧了过去)as he was crossing the road.18. When they had finished playing, the children were made _to put away all the toys_(把所有的玩具收起来放好)。19. No one knows how much money it will cost to build the museum._(盖这座博物馆要花多少钱).20. We found it impossible for him _to finish/complete this job on his own/by himself/alone_( 他一个人完成这项工作).21. Rather than beg in the street (在街上乞讨)，he would prefer to die of hunger.解析：rather than 不与would连用时，表示客观事实，意为“是而不是；与其不如”。它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。现分述如下： (1) 连接两个名词或代词 He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 与其说他是一个海员，不如说他是一个探险者。 You rather than I are going to go camping. 是你而不是我要去要野营。 注意：rather than 连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than 前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。 (2) 连接两个形容词 The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap. 与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮。 (3) 连接两个介词(短语)或动名词 We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall. 我们是在教室里开会，不是在大厅里。 She enjoys singing rather than dancing. 她喜欢唱歌，而不喜欢跳舞。 (4) 连接两个分句 We should help him rather than he should help us. 是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该帮助我们。 (5) 连接两个不定式 I decided to write rather than (to) telephone. 我决定写信而不打电话。 注意：rather than 后接不定式时，不定式可以带to，也可以不带to, 如上句。但rather than位于句首时，则只能接不带to 的不定式。如：Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price. 他唯恐蔬菜烂掉，把它们以半价卖掉了。 (6) 连接两个动词 He ran rather than walked. 他是跑来的，而不是走来的。 注意：这里rather than 后用了walked，而没有用walk，表示客观事实，而不是主观愿望。如果换成walk，则作“宁愿而不愿 ”解。22. When they came in, the man pretended _to be weaving_(在织布).23. She felt someone _touch her shoulder_( 碰了一下她的肩膀).24. Strictly speaking_(严格来讲), that school is not very old.解析：分词结构用作独立成分。类似的分词或分词短语有：Generally speakingBroadly speakingRoughly speakingJudging fromConsidering.Talking of.Granted that.Putting it mildly.25. Most of the houses in the town _were built after the earthquake._(都是在地震后建的).The crew agree/agrees to go further on the sea to catch more fish.26. Iron and steel industry _plays an important role in the national /democratic economy_( 在国民经济中起着重要的作用).解析：A and B is/areThe food and the textile industry depend mainly on agriculture for raw material. (A 和B指不同事物）My neighbour and colleague is watering the flowers. 我的邻居兼同事在浇花。The secretary and the manager were present at the meeting.27. Twenty years in prison _was his punishment/penalty he had received_( 是他所得到的惩罚).28. Without electricity, _there would be no modern industry_(就没有现代工业).29. _How dare he take my bicycle_(他竟然敢推走了我的自行车)without even asking !dare to do30. Her bad temper will prevent her from becoming a doctor, for _patience is essential to a doctor_(耐心对一个医生来说是必备的).解析： Its important/essential that sb./sth. (should) do Its an order/ a suggestion that sb./sth. (should)do31. Your version of what happened is not consistent with what your colleague said( 和你同事说的不一致).32. I gave up buying it because it was much more expensive than I expected/ thought ( 它比我预想的要贵得多).33. _Owing to/ by virtue of /because of a sense fo responsibility(由于一种责任感)the employees worked overtime.34. Hardly had we gathered in the wheat (我们刚把小麦收完)when it began to rain.35. Now that they have got to know each other a little better(既然现在他们之间互相了解了一些)，they got along just fine.36. This tree is 3 times as tall as that one(是那棵树的三倍高).37. Even if /though we achieve great success in our work(即使我们在工作中取得重大成绩), we should not be conceited.38. He will surely finish the job on time as long as he is left to do it in his own way(只要让他以自己的方式去做).39. School was closed early, in order that/ so that the children might get home ahead of the storm_(以便能让孩子们在暴雨前到家) . 40. He was so absorbed in his work that( 那么专心于工作，以致) he did not notice us.41. The reason why he rejected our plan_(他拒绝我们计划的原因)is that he