2013年高三二轮专题复习学案名词性从句复习.doc

高三英语二轮复习专题二学案 -定语从句审定：英语备课组 时间：1月18日【考纲解读】名词性从句包括主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句,和同位语从句.名词性从句的考查通常是将从句的基本结构置于多层次的结构中，从而考查考生下述几项能力：对语句层次的确认.、对从句句法的确认、对语句内部功能的确认命题预测。名词性从句主要从以下角度来命题：测试主语从句中what,that,how,when,where,whether,what(when,how,where)ever等的用法测试表语从句中what,that,how,where,whether等的用法测试宾语从句的语序和时态呼应测试同位语从句的连接词的选择等【高考再现】【2012山东卷】25. It doesnt matter _ you pay by cash or credit card in this store. A. how B. whetherC. what D. why 【答案】B【解析】此处it是形式主语，后面whether.or引导的主语从句是真正的主语，whether.or意为：是还是都行。句意：在这个商店中用现金或信用卡支付都可以。【考点定位】考查主语从句的连接词【2012山东卷】26 Iamafraidhesmoreofatalkerthanadoer,whichis_heneverfinishesanything. A.thatB.whenC.whereD.why【答案】D【考点】考查表语从句。【解析】句义：我恐怕他比起来一个实践家更是一个空谈家，那就是他一事无成的原因。本文“whichis.”引导的一个非限定性定语从句中有一个表语从句根据句意用“why”引导。【2011山东卷33】Weveofferedherthejob,butIdontknow_shellacceptit.A.where B.what .whether D.which【答案】C【考点】此题考查宾语从句的引导词。【解析】句意“我们提供给她了这份工作，但我不知道她是否会接受”。whether“是否”，where“哪里“what“什么”，which“哪个“。A. how B. which C. that D. what（10山东）26. Before the sales start, I make a list of _ my kids will need for the coming season. A. why B. what C. how D. which【试题分析】1引导词的考查是高考的重点2引导词的考查中以wh引导词为重点。近几年高考题考查名词性从句的题中，wh引导词占了多数，而这些中答案是what的又占了多数，分别考查了what在从句中作主语、宾语等。3试题中与名词性从句有关的句型或介词也有所考查，体现了全面考查名词性从句的思想4.it作形式主语，而把作真正主语的主语从句放在后面的名词性从句，介词及其后面what引导的宾语从句，这些也是高考常考点。【复习目标】1、掌握名词性从句中that与what的区别及it作形式主语或形式宾语2、whether, if以及that的区别及名词性从句中的疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句及其与no matter+疑问词引导的从句的区别 3、名词性从句中that与what的区别及同位语从句与定语从句的区别【知识主线】名词性从句考点主要有以下六个方面: 考点之一:考查名词性从句中that与what的区别 考例: _ we cant get seems better than _ we have. A. What; what B. What; that C. That; that D. That; what 考点之二:考查名词性从句中的it作形式主语或形式宾语 考例1: _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It 例2: I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full. A. it B. that C. this D. them 考点之三:考查名词性从句的语序 考例:The photographs will show you _ . A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like 考点之四:考查名词性从句中的whether, if以及that的区别 考例1: _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 考例2: What the doctors really doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. A. when B. how C. whether D. why考例3: It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. A. while B. that C. if D. for 考点之五:考查名词性从句中的疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句及其与no matter+疑问词引导的从句的区别 考例 1:It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 考例2: Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests. A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who 考点之六:考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题 考例:It is necessary that a college student _ at least a foreign language. A. masters B. should master C. mastered D. will master 【易混易错】1、在名词性从句中that与what的区别是:that在名词性从句中不作句子成分,只起连接作用;而what在名词性从句中不仅起连接作用,而且作句子成分.句子的意思是:我们不能得到的似乎比我们已经拥有的要好.此题考查了两个名词性从句:主语从句和宾语从句,what在这两个名词性从句中都作宾语. 2、同位语从句与定语从句的区别：1)定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。2)定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述它的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。如：The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语）The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。（同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分）【重锤猛敲】各种连接词的用法：1.连接词 that、whether、if 不在它们引导的主语从句中充当句子成分。2. 连接代词who、whose、what、 which等都在句子中担当一个句子成分。比如：主语、宾语、定语等等。3. 关系副词when、where、how、how long等分别在句子中作时间状语、地点状语、方式状语等等。【方法规律】1.分清引导词在从句中的作用是解决名词性从句引导词选择的关键。近几年高考题几乎所有的名词性从句的考查都是对引导词的考查，因此如何选择名词性从句的引导词是我们备考的重中之重。引导词的选择要遵循两个原则： (1）引导词在从句中所作的成分. 引导词在从句中作主语、宾语，我们就要选择连接代词，在从句中作状语我们就要选择连接副词。（2）依据句子的逻辑意义选择2明白从句的语序是陈述的语序，名词性从句可以由it代替，选择答案时剔除插入语等技巧。【针对训练】（）1. 2011北京卷 _ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. AWhich BWhat CThat DWhom（）2. 2011北京卷 The shocking news made me realize _ terrible problems we would face. AwhatBhow Cthat Dwhy（）3.2011山东卷 I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is _ he never finishes anything. Athat Bwhen Cwhere Dwhy（）4.2011山东卷 Weve offered her the job, but I dont know_ shell accept it. Awhere Bwhat Cwhether Dwhich（）5.2011江西卷 The villagers have already known _ well do is to rebuild the bridge. Athis Bthat Cwhat Dwhich（）6.2011北京卷 It was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner. Athat Bhow Cwhen Dwhy（）7.2010安徽卷 His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make out _it is he is trying to express. AthatBhow CwhoDwhat（ ）8.2010四川卷 Our teachers always tell us to believe in _ we do and who we are if we want to succeed. Awhy Bhow Cwhat Dwhich（）9.2010辽宁卷 Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach _ to read fast. Awhat Bwho Chow Dwhy（）10.2010辽宁卷 When the news came _ the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army. AsinceBwhich CthatDbecause （） 11.It is considered unwise for parents to give their children _ they ask for. AwhatBwhenCwhateverDwhich （）12. One of them held the view _ the book said was right. A. what that B. that what C. that D. whether（）13.The reason _ he has to go is _ his mother is ill in bed. A, why ; why B. why; because C. why ; that D. that ; because（）14They received orders _ the work be done right away. A. which B. that C. / D. when（）15.I think _ certain that she will do well in her exam. A. that B. this is C. it D. whats（）16.Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas. ( 2004春季上海 ) A. which B. that C. what D. whether（）17.Some researchers believe that there is no doubt _ a cure for AIDS will be found. (05广东卷) A. which B. that C. what D. whether（）18.Danby left word with my secretary _ he would call again in the afternoon. （05浙江卷） Awho Bthat Cas Dwhich （）19.A story goes _ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court. A. when B. where C. what D. that（）20._ is no possibility _ Bob can win the first prize in the match. (2001上海春） A. Therethat B. Itthat C. Therewhether D. Itwhether【2012陕西卷】20. As many five courses are provided, and you are free to choose _ suits you best. A whatever B. whichever C.