机械专业英语模块化训练二.doc

模块化训练二：句子英译汉1. With global competition and the requirements for world-class manufacturing, corporate strategies are continually undergoing major changes. 随着全球竞争和世界级制造业发展的要求，公司策略不断经历重大的改变。2In a shaper the cutting tool reciprocates during the cutting motion, which in the case of a planer the work table reciprocates.2.在牛头刨床刨刀的刨削运动中，刨刀作往复运动，但在刨床中工作台作往复运动。3Grinding is a process carried out with a grinding wheel made up of abrasive grains for removing very fine quantities of material from the workpiece surface. 磨削工艺过程是靠用磨粒组成的砂轮从工件表面去除非常少量材料来完成的。 4In static balancing the grinding wheel is rotated on an arbour and the balance weights adjusted until the wheel no longer stops its rotation in any one specific position.调整砂轮的静平衡是在一个平衡支架上旋转砂轮并调整平衡铁的重量直到砂轮在任何位置都旋转而不停止。5However, the accuracy of the gear is dependent upon the accuracy of the dividing head as well as the profile accuracy of the cutter for the given gear.那么，齿轮的精度取决于分度头和给定的齿轮刀具的精度。6The size of the boring bar is dictated by the size of the hole to be bored, while its length depends upon the geometry of the hole. 镗杆的大小取决于所要镗空的大小，其长度由空的几何形状决定。7Heat transfer from the spark to both the tool and the workpiece makes the latter to melt and partially vaporize and partially ionize the metal in a thin surface layer.电火花的热量传递到工具电极和工件之间，使后者融化、部分汽化、部分电离成一薄层细小的金属。8Spot facing is similar to counter boring, but removes only a very small portion of material around the existing hole to provide a flat surface square to the hole axis.锪端面类似于沉头镗，它只是在已有的孔周围，沿孔的轴为轴去除非常少量材料。9 The traveling-wire method employs a reel of copper wire that is slowly fed past the workpiece and functions much the same as a band saw except the wire is used only once. 移动的电极丝是用成卷铜丝旋转出来的方法，它慢慢通过工件进给，除了只能使用一次外，功能极象带锯。 10The tool head has the ability to swivel the cutting tool in any angle while clamping the tool with any overhang, depending the requirement.在牛头刨床中在刀头上，可根据需要以悬挂的方式夹紧的刨刀，刨刀在刀头上可以任何角度旋转。11The unique feature of all machine shop operations is that the parts are precisely formed to the desired shape and size by romoving metal from the workpiece in the forms of chips.所有的车间加工的唯一特征是以切屑的形式从工件表面去除金属来精确形成所渴望的形状和尺寸的工件。12The rang of speed and feed rates to be provided in a given machine tool dependes upon the capability of the machine tool and range of work materials that are expected to be proceed.一台给定的机床所能提供的切削速度和进给速度的范围决定于机床本身的能力和所希望加工材料的范围。13The lathe is one of the most useful and versatile machine in the workshop, and is capable of carrying out a wide variety of machining operation.在车间车床是一种最有用和通用的机床之一，能够完成一个广泛大量的机加工。14The means of attaching a lathe chuck to different machine tools have been well standardized, so that chucks made by different manufacturers can be easily interchanged.不同车床所附带的卡盘的式样已经标准化了，所以由不同厂家制造的卡盘容易互换。15Initially, the gap between the tool and the workpiece, which consists of the dielectric fluid, is not conductive.开始时，组成工件和电极间的电介质是不导电的。16The hobbing process though used for gears and splines more frequently, is also suitable for other shapes such as ratchets and sprockets. 齿轮滚铣刀工艺尽管经常用于加工齿轮和花键，也适合于其它形状像棘齿和链轮齿的加工。17In the counter boring operation, the hole is enlarged with a flat bottom to provide a proper seating for the bolt head or a nut, which is flushed from the outer surface.在沉头镗加工中，孔以平底扩大为螺栓或螺母提供合适的位置，并与外表面平齐。18The vapor of the metal is quenched by the dielectric medium when the arc is terminated by the electric pulse and thus the wear debris is always spherical in nature.当电脉冲结束电弧后金属汽化被工作液电解质淬火，因此蚀处除的碎屑自然呈小球状。19Counter sinking is also similar to counter boring, expect that the additional machining done on a hole is conical to accommodate the counter sunk machine screw head.除了加工孔成锥形配合机制螺丝头的锥形外，锪锥孔类似于沉头镗。20Selection of a particular manufacturing process, or a sequence of processes, depends not only on the shape to be produced but also on other factors pertaining to material properies.某一制造工艺或一系列工艺的选择不仅取决于要加工的形状，而且取决于与材料有关的因素。1正如全文所述，每个制造工艺有它的优点和局限性，也有各自的生产率和产品成本。As described throughout this text, each manufacturing process has its own advantages and limitations, as well as production rates and product cost. 2镗削用一个一端带有刀刃的镗刀的主要问题是镗杆缺乏稳定性。The major problem of boring with a boring bar with a single point turning tool is the lack of rigidity of the boring bar3在制造机器的车间的工作是把每个零件加工成要求的形状和尺寸。The work of the machine shop in building machines is to make each part to the required shape and size.4那么与其它的传统金属切削加工相比，磨削加工效率较低。Thus the grinding process is a very inefficient one compared to the other conventional metal cutting processes. 5夹具是一种将工件夹紧和定位，并为刀具导向的装置。A jig is a device that holds and locate a work piece but also guide the cutting tools.6齿轮能够用具有齿轮齿状的成形铣刀切削（而成）。Gears can be cut using a form milling cutter, which has the shape of the gear teeth.7在加工中工件的夹紧的重要作用是会影响到可获得精度。Work holding in machining is an important function which affects the gained accuracy.8滚齿是一个不断去除多余材料回到齿轮形状加工运动的工艺。Gear hobbing is a continuous process eliminating the unproductive return motion of the gear shaping operation.9在卡盘中所有的卡爪可一起移动自动定心，主要用于圆形工件的夹持。Chucks in which all the jaws move together are self centering and are used primarily for round work.10因此以齿轮形状修正的刀具称为滚刀，其中齿条像蜗杆一样以螺旋结构在外圆周围包络。It therefore is modified in the form a gear cutter called hob, where the rack is wound round the cylinder in a helix like a worm.11铣削加工可分为两大类：圆周铣削和端面铣削。Milling operations can be classified into two broad categories called peripheral milling and face milling.12信息技术领域的迅速发展能提供有助于迎接全球重大挑战的工具。The rapidly growing field of information technology (IT) can provide the tools to help meet these major global challenges.13拉力机构的动力和拉削运动通常是由液压系统提供。The power for the pulling mechanism and the movement of the broach is generally provided by a hydraulic fluid14一个典型工艺系统由四部分组成：机床、刀具、夹具和工件。A typical processing system consists of four parts: machine tools, metal cutting tool, jig and fixture, and workpiece15为获得砂轮的正确的表面可根据其外形或同心度使用砂轮修正金刚石工具。To obtain a true surface of the grind wheel in terms of either the form or concentricity a diamond dressing tool can be use