初中英语形容词和副词讲解与专项练习题.doc

初中英语形容词和副词讲解与专项练习题形容词形容词是用来描述或修饰名词的词，表示人或事物的性质或特征。，当形容词修饰不定代词时，应放在不定代词之后。如：I have something important to tell you .形容词短语作定语时应放在被修饰与之后。如：The box full of books is very heavy.2形容词作表语形容词作表语的位置在连系动词之后。如：The music sounds beautiful.英语中有一部分形容词只能作表语，不能作定语，这种形容词叫做“表语形容词”，常见的有：sorry , afraid ,ill, glad, alone, worth,3形容词作宾语补足语形容词作宾语补足语的位置在宾语之后。The new teacher made us happy every class.4 形容词名词化。某些形容词前加上定冠词后就相当于名词，指“某一类人或物。”We should look after the old and love the young .(我们应该尊老爱幼) （二）形容词的比较等级大多数的形容词有三个等级：原级，比较级，最高级。原级就是形容词的原形，比较级和最高级的词性有规则与不规则之分。1形容词的比较级和最高级的构成（1）规则变化（单音节和部分双音节词）a 一般在词尾加er或estb 以e结尾的只加r或stc 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母再加er或estd 以“辅音字母+y” 结尾的，先变y为I再加er或est多音节和部分双音节在词前加more或most（1）不规则变化good/well-better-bestbad/ill/badly-worse worstlittlemany/much-farold elder-elder(年长的)2 形容词比较等级的用法（1）同级比较用法英语中同级比较句型常用的有两种：as+形容词原级+as和not so(as) 形容词原级+as句型。如：The box is as heavy as that one.（2 ）比较级的用法 形容词比较级用于表示两者或两部分之间进行比较。常用为“形容词比较级+than”如：The flowers are more beautiful than those on the desk.使用中，常在比较级前用much, even ,yet, still, a little, a bit, a lot 等词进行程度上的修饰。如：My daughter is a little taller than his .要表示“比多倍”，用“倍数+比较级+than”句型来表达。The sun is a million times larger than the earth.英语中还有两个重要的句型使用比较级：表示“越来越”使用 “比较级+比较级” 句型；表示“越就越”使用“the+比较级，the+比较级” 句型。如：It gets hotter and hotter.The more careful you see ,the less mistakes youll make.在比较中，还要注意参与比较的两者或不能互相包含。如：Im better in English than anystudentsin our class.(错误。因为我也是我们班的学生之一，我不能比自己好。)Im better in English than any otherstudentin our class（正确）（3）最高级的用法最高级用于表示三者或三者以上的多数之间进行比较，最高级前面要加定冠词，后面一般要跟表示范围的表达。如：The Great Wall is the longest wall in our class.使用中我们还要用到这样的表达：“最之一”；“第几最”;在最高级前进行程度修饰等，我们可以用 “one of +the +最高级”，“the +序数词（very等置于the之后）+最高级”或用much, even等词（置于the之后）来修饰。Mr smart is one of the most popular teachers in our school.（一）副词副词用来修饰动词，形容词，其他副词或全句，说明时间，地点，程度及方式。副词的构成1 本身就是副词的词：now often always never very 2由形容词加ly转化而来的副词careful- carefullypolite politelytrue- trulyfull fullyangry-angrilyhappy- happilydry-dryly副词的句法功能（1）作状语，I go to school very early every day.（2）作定语The people here are very friendly.（3）作表语 Class is over.（4）作宾语补足语Please let me in.副词在句中的位置（1）修饰动词，一般放在动词之后，如是及物动词，则放在宾语之后。Please listen to me carefully.（2）频度副词一般放在行为动词之前，情态动词，助动词和be动词之后。He often goes to work on foot.（3）句中同时出现时间，地点的副词作状语时，先地点，后时间。He arrived here yesterday.（4）副词enough通常放在形容词或副词之后。The boy isnt old enough to go to school.初中英语中考形容词副词练习题 一、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1The Nile is a _river. It is _than any other river in the world. In fact it is _river in the world. (long) 2She said that it was _(happy) day in her life. 3Who is _(tall), Mary or Joan? 4Which is _(fast), a bike, a car or a bus? 5Shanghai is one of _(big) cities in China. 6My brother has a very _(good) voice. 7Wang Fang has _ Chinese Stamps. Judy hasnt got as _Chinese stamps as Wang Fang. But she has got _ American stamps than Wang Fang. (many) 8This film is even _(interesting) and its _(good) one I have ever seen. 9The _(sick) boy looks much _(tired). 10 When summer comes, the days are getting _ （long）. 11 This shirt is _(nice), but my mother is looking for a _ (nice) one for me.12 Oh, Im still _ (short) than you. 13 I have only a few friends in Nanjing, but he has a little _ (few). 14 My bike isnt as _ (good) as his. 15 Last Sunday there was a _ (friendly) talk among us.二、选择题（） 1 Bob never does his homework _Mary. He makes lots of mistakes.AsocarefulasBascarefullyas CcarefulasDas carefulas ( ) 2 I feel _better than yesterday. AmoreBveryCtheDfar() 3 China has a larger population than _in the world.Aall the countriesB everycountryCanycountry D any othercountry() 4 This book is _ on the subject.Athe much bestBvery much bestCmuchthebestD very thebest() 5 The sick boy is getting _day by day .Aworse B badC badlyD worst() 6 This sweater looks _and sells_.Awell, wellBgood,niceCnice, goodDnice,well() 7 The smile on my fathers face showed that he was _with me .AsadBpleasedCangryDsorry() 8 I didnt go shopping yesterday .He didnt ,_.AsoB eitherC tooDneither() 9 _delicious the food is !AHowBHowaCWhatDWhat a()10 -What animals do you like_?-I like pandas.A. betterB bestCveryD well() 11 It is _cold today .AmuchBvery muchCmuchtooDtoo much() 12 Remember this., children ._careful you are,_ mistakes you will make.-We know,Miss Gao.AThe more,the moreBThefewer,themoreC The more, thefewerDThe less,the less()13We are going to do our work better with _ money and _ people. A. less, fewer B. less, less C. fewer, fewer D. fewer, less ()14. The boy is _ than his brother. A. two years older B. two years elder C. two-year older D. two-year elder ()15. On the moon, things arent _ they are on the earth. A. so heavy as B. as heavier as C. as heavy than D. heavy than ()16. Tom is the best student in his class. He is _ than any of his classmates. A. more cleverer B. much cleverer C. much more cleverer D. much clever ()17. There are many students in this classroom but there are _ students in that one. A. many B. more C. much D. more many ()18. There is _ milk in my cup than in your cup. A. little B. less C. few D. fewer ()19. Im 1.70 meters _. A. high B. higher C. tall D. taller ()20. The film is _, but the old arent _ in it. A. interesting, interested B. interested, interesting C. interesting, interesting D. interested, interested ()21. Father is _ to go to work. A. good enough B. enough good C. well enough D. enough well ()22. Is there _ in this book?