英语形容词串讲及练习.doc

形容词知识点1. 形容词及其用法形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类，位置不一定都放在名词前面。1)性质形容词，直接说明事物的性质或特征。它有级的变化，可以用程度副词修饰，在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如：hot 热的。2）叙述形容词，只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如：afraid 害怕的。 The man is ill.The girl is afraid.这类词还有： well，unwell，ill，faint，afraid，alike，alive，alone，asleep，awake 等。3）形容词作定语修饰名词时，放在名词的前。但是形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时，要放在这些词之后，例如：something nice，something important2. 以-ly结尾的形容词1）大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，仍为形容词。 Her singing was lovely. He spoke to me in a very friendly way.2）有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词，也为副词。daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，earlyThe Times is a daily paper.The Times is published daily.3 用形容词表示类别和整体1） 定冠词+形容词，泛指一类人，谓语动词复数。如：the dead，the living，the rich，the poor，the blind，the hungry The poor are losing hope.2）定冠词+国家和民族的形容词，这个民族的整体，与动词的复数连用。the British，the English，the French，the Chinese. The English have wonderful sense of humor.4 多个形容词修饰名词的顺序多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：限定词(these,those)-数词-描绘词-(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) -出处-材料性质，类别-名词（冠形年色国材）a small round tablea tall gray buildinga dirty old brown shirt a famous German medical schoolan expensive Japanese sports car限定描述大长高，形状年龄与新老。颜色国籍出材料，用途类别往后靠。the first beautiful little white Chinese wood bridge 二、形容词副词比较等级1.平级比较 “像什么一样”as + 形容词或副词原级 + asas +形容词+ a +单数名词as + many/much +名词the same as否定句或疑问句中so as。Henry is a worker as good as Peter(is).This is as good an example as the other is.I can carry as much paper as you can.He cannot run so/as fast as you.His name is the same as his fathers.2.比较等级 times as +形容词/副词原级+as=times+ the + 性质名词+ofYour room is twice as large as mine.Your room is twice the size of mine. times as +形容词/副词比较级+thanI am three years younger than you.The +名词+be+times+what从句The +名词+be+times+that/those of The output of this year is 3 times that of 2008. The output of this year is 3 times what it was in 2008.3.表示程度的副词修饰形容词a little,a bit,a few,a lot,much,even,still,far,rather,any+形容词比较级It is much colder today than yesterday; 4.表示两者之间1)“哪一个更”句型“Which/Who is +形容词比较级，A or B?”Who is taller,Li Ming or Wang Tao？2)“两者之间比较的一个（of the two）”Mary is the taller of the twins;3)“越来越，“比较级+and+比较级”The new city is becoming more and more beautiful.4) 形容词为多音节词或部分双音节词, “more and more +形容词原级”It is getting warmer and warmer in spring;5)“越就越时”，“the+比较级，the +比较级”The longer you stay, the better.5.表达最高级1）形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the，句末常跟一个in/of短语来表示范围，in 表示不同范畴， of 表示同一范畴。Shanghai is the biggest city in China;2）三者或三者以上的人或物中进行比选择时Which/Who is +the +最高级，A，B，or C?Which city is the most beautiful ,Beijing，Shanghai or Fuzhou?3) 表示最的之一one of the +形容词最高级+复数，Zhou Jielun is one of the most popular singers;4).序数词+形容词最高级，第几最The Yellow River is the second longest river in China;5).物主代词/指示代词/名词所有格+形容词最高级, 无定冠词This is our best lesson today;6).形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义Li lei is the tallest student in his class.Li lei is taller than any other student in his class.Li lei is taller than the other students in his class.Li lei is taller than anyone else in his class.No one is taller than Li lei in his class.No one is as tall as Li lei in his class.Li lei is taller than any of the other students in his class.Li lei is taller than the rest of students in his class.6. 易混形容词副词比较much more +不可数名词 many more +可数名词复数 much too （表达太的意思）修饰形容词、副词 too much （too many）表达多的意思，修饰名词The teacher gave us too much homework today.I am much too pleased to see you.7. 和more有关的词组 1) A no more than B A和B 都不This book is no more interesting than that one. 两本书都无趣。 2）A not 比较级than B A不如B This book is not more interesting than that one. 这本书不如那本有趣。 3) more than不仅仅，非常 She is more than kind to us all. He is more than a teacher, he is more like our friend. 4) more B than A与其说A不如说BHe is more lazy than slow at his work. 5) no less than与一样，不少于He is no less diligent than you.三、副词基本知识1. 副词介绍主要用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或其他结构。(1) 时间副词 如：ago, before, already, just, now, early, late, finally, tomorrow等(2) 地点副词 如：here, there, near, around, in, out, up, down, back, away, outside等。(3) 方式副词 如：carefully, angrily, badly, calmly, loudly, quickly, politely, nervously等。(4) 程度副词 如：almost, nearly, much, greatly, a bit, a little, hardly, so, very等。2. 副词的位置：1） 在动词之前。2） 在be动词、助动词之后。 3） 多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后。注意： a. 大多数方式副词位于句尾，但宾语过长，副词可以提前，以使句子平衡。 We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us. b. 方式副词well，badly糟、坏，hard等只放在句尾。He speaks English well.3. 副词的排列顺序：1） 时间，地点副词，小单位的在前，大单位在后。2） 方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用and或but等连词连接。 Please write slowly and carefully.3） 多个不同副词排列：程度+地点+方式+时间副词。注意：副词very 可以修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词。 I like English very much.注意：副词enough要放在形容词的后面，形容词enough放在名词前后都可。 I dont know him well enough. There is enough food for everyone to eat. There is food enough for everyone to eat.4兼有两种形式的副词1) close与closelyclose意思是近； closely 意思是仔细地 He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely.2)late 与lately late意思是晚； lately 意思是最近 You have come too late. What have you been doing lately?3)deep与deeply deep意思是深，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，深深地 He pushed the stick deep into the mud. Even father was deeply moved by the film.4)high与highly high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much The plane was flying high. I think highly of your opinion.5)wide与widely wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是广泛地，在许多地方 He opened the door wide. English is widely used in the world.6)free与freelyfree的意思是免费；freely 的意思是无限制地 You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like. You may speak freely; say what you like.7）hard与hardly 前者：努力地， 后者：几乎不 I cant catch up with you. Can you walk a little more slowly? 三、课堂练习 单选1 .- Are you feeling _? - Yes，Im fine now.A. any wellB. any betterC. quite good D. quite better2.The experiment was_ easier than we had expected. A.more B.much more C.muchD.more much3.If there were no examinations, we should have _ at school. A. the happiest time B. a more happier time C. much happiest time D. a much happier time4.Tony is going camping with _ boys.A.little two otherB. two little otherC.two other littleD.little other two5.One day they crossed the _bridge behind the palace. A. old Chinese stoneB. Chinese old stoneC. old stone ChineseD. Chinese stone old6. - How was your recent visit to Qingdao?- It was great. We visited some friends，and spent the _days at the seaside.A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny last7.The weather in China is different from_.A. in America B. one in America C. America D. that in America 8.After the new technique was introduced，the factory produced _ tractors in 1988 as the year before. A. as twice manyB. as many twiceC. twice as manyD. twice many as 9. There are many young trees on sides of the road. A. every B. each C. both D. all 10. The ice in the lake is about one meter . Its strong enough to skate on. A. long B. high C. thick D. wide11. This match made them _ at last. A. happily B. quickly C. slowly D. friendly 12.The seats in the middle of the cinema are _ of all. A. better B. good C. the best D. worst 13.- In our English study reading is more important than speaking, I think. - I dont agree. Speaking is reading. A. as important as B. so important as C. the most important D. the same as 14. The fish smells _ ，I like it very much A. terrible B. bad C. well D. nice 15He is enough to carry the heavy box. A. stronger B. much strongerC. strong D. the strongest16. I bought exercise-books with money.A. a few; a few B. a few; a littleC. a little; a few D. a little; a little17.- Its so cold today. - Yes, its than it was yesterday. A. more cold B. more colder C. much colder D. cold 18 .Little Tom has friends, so he often plays alone. A. more B. a little C. many D. few 19She isnt so at maths as you are. A. well B. good C. better D. best 20.Jane didnt do _ in the exam, but her exam results are _ than last yearsA. bad; worse B. good; better C. well; better D. well; worse21.Which animal do you like _ , cat or dog?A. very much B. best C. better D. well22.We can jump _ on the moon than on the earth.A. more high B. much C. high D. much higher23.When he heard the good news, he felt _.A. happier B. happiest C. happy D. happily24.The _ he is, the _ he feels.A. busy; happy B. busiest; hippest C. busier; happier D. busy; happily25.I dont feel very _ today.A. good B. well C. nice D. fine四、课后作业1.The question is _ than the last one.A very easy B. much easy C. very easier D. much easier2.I have two sisters. Lily is _ of the two.A. nicer B. the nice C. the nicer D. nice3.The Changjiang River is one of the _ in China .A. longer river B. longest river C. longest rivers D. long rivers4.The third cake is _ of all, but its too dear.A. delicious B. most delicious C. more delicious D. the most delicious5.I draw _ and my handwriting is _.A. good; good B. good; well C. well; good D. well; well6.It is _ today than yesterday.A cold B. colder C. more colder D. many colder7.My brother doesnt like studying. He watches TV for _ two hours every day.A. less than B. more than C. little than D. much than8.Lets buy _ apples tomorrow.A. more some B. some more C. any more D. more any9.Please be _ next time.A. carefuller B. more careful C. carefullest D. the most careful10.Of the four seasons, the _time to come to Hangzhou is in spring.A. good B. well C. better D. best11.Which do you like _ ,pork,beef or chicken?A. good B. well C. better D. best12.What is _ food in the USA?A. very popular B. more popularC. the most popular D. most popular 13.It takes _ time to go there by plane than by train.A. less B. little C. mor