多频聚焦论文多频聚焦多分量感应测井各向异性.doc

【关键词】多频聚焦 多分量感应测井 各向异性【英文关键词】Multi-frequency focusing multi-component induction logging anisotropy多频聚焦论文：多频聚焦理论及其在多分量感应测井中的应用【中文摘要】多分量感应测井仪器由三分量发射和接收线圈系组成，同时测得九个分量的磁场强度，因此可以提取出地层横向与纵向电阻率、地层相对倾角、地层各向异性系数等信息，对储油层尤其是易被忽略的砂泥岩薄交互层的识别与评价有非常重要意义。然而，多分量感应测井中的共面线圈系资料与地层参数间往往存在着很强的非线性关系，不仅对地层横向和纵向电阻率以及井眼倾角、方位角有明显反应，且受井眼泥浆电导率、水平界面深度等影响也非常大，给多分量感应资料正确处理带来较大困难，因此，多分量感应资料处理已成为该新型测井技术能否发挥其应有作用的关键。实现多分量感应测井资料处理的较有效方法是迭代反演技术，但由于迭代反演工作量往往很大，且算法本身也较为复杂，因此，一种快速近似处理技术-多频聚焦数据技术，已在多分量感应资料处理中得到应用。多频聚焦处理的基本原理是利用均匀介质和非均匀介质中，接收线圈上感应电动势的解析解和积分解与工作频率间的定量关系，对电动势关于工作频率进行Taylor展开式，并根据二次频率项前的展开系数计算地层电导率。由于在均匀介质中二次频率项前的展开系数是电导率的线性函数，有效消除了趋肤效应对测量结果的影响，因此利用二次频率项前的系数可以更准确地提取出地层电导率。将感应电动势的这一特点应用到实际资料处理中，通过多个工作频率上的测量结果以及非线性拟合技术，计算感应电动势的二次频率项前的系数，故称作多频聚焦处理。本论文首先研究多频聚焦处理原理，并将多频聚焦处理技术应用到多分量感应资料处理中，通过对均匀各向异性地层、水平层状各向异性地层中的垂直井和倾斜井眼中多分量感应响应的理论合成资料进行处理，对多频聚焦处理的效果进行系统考察。数值结果证明，多频聚焦处理能够有效降低共轴线圈系响应在水平层界面的“尖角”，使得处理结果更接近地层电导率真值，且在倾斜井眼条件下，也能够更好地提取出地层的相对倾角和地层各向异性系数。【英文摘要】Multi-component induction logging tool is comprised of three pairs of mutuallyorthogonal transmitter-receivers measuring all nine magnetic field components. Andthen, the horizontal as well as the vertical resistivity, the relative dip of layeredformations and the formation anisotropy are also inverted. It is essential forcharactering and developing reservoirs especially the thinly laminated formations.Multi-component induction logging response depend largely on formationhorizontal conductivity, vertical conductivity, borehole (or formation) dip and thetool azimuth.In addition to that the XX and YY measurements are always influencedby borehole, washouts. All of which made response of3DEX highly non-linear withrespect to formation parameters.Generally, the interpretation for multi-component logging depends on inversiontechniques which is a time consuming work. When the multi-frequency focusingmethod is applied to the multi-component induction logging data, the information forthe interpretation of induction logging data can be determined. The MFF theory isbased on the relationship of the induction electromotive force with the frequency.We expand the induction electromotive force into a series with respect to thefrequency, the second term proportional3/2is linear function of conductivity inhomogeneities, eliminating the influence of skin-effect. We apply this feature in thelogging data to derive the coefficient of the second term using the multi-frequencymeasurements and the linear fitting technique, which means MFF.We apply MFF in a homogeneous anisotropic formation, the horizontal and thevertical resistivity can be derived. As it is a desirable result, we extend this methodinto layer formation, the conductivity in anisotropically layered formation reflect thetrue horizontal and the vertical conductivity.In this paper, we study the MFF theory and then apply the MFF in the multi-components induction logging, not only in the homogeneous anisotropicformation but also the layered formation with vertical and title bore, and the results ofMFF processing is systematically analyzed.From the results, MFF is considered to be a good method to eliminate thenonlinear of XX and YY measurements and also provide the conductivity more closeto the true formation conductivity. Similarly to the resistivity, the formationanisotropy and the relative dip can also be algebraically determined when the MFFmethod is applied to the multi-component induction logging data. In the formationwith tilted bore, We get the relative dip and the anisotropy. The algorithm is easy thatmakes the interpretation for multi-component induction logging data not so trouble,nevertheless, the multi-frequency leads obvious nonlinearity in the shoulder-bed, andthe anisotropy effect, the shoulder-bed effect, the resistivity effect can also affect theaccuracy of the results of MFF processing.【目录】多频聚焦理论及其在多分量感应测井中的应用中文摘要4-5Abstract5-6第1章 绪论9-131.1 多分量感应测井技术的产生背景及发展过程9-111.2 多频聚焦测井资料处理方法111.3 本文主要研究内容及创新之处11-131.3.1 本文主要研究内容11-121.3.2 本文的创新之处12-13第2章 多频聚焦处理多分量感应测井响应13-322.1 多分量感应测井的正演理论13-182.1.1 多分量感应的仪器结构与水平层状横向同性地层中的磁流源并矢 Green 函数13-172.1.2 多分量感应测井的电磁场17-182.2 多频聚焦方法求地层电导率18-212.2.1 Maxwell 方程摄动理论与其积分表达式18-202.2.2 多频聚焦（MFF）理论20-212.3 均匀介质的多分量感应测井响应及 MFF 处理结果21-222.4 层状各向异性地层的多频聚焦处理结果22-302.5 本章小结30-32第3章 多频聚焦方法在倾斜井眼中的应用32-483.1 各向异性地层的视倾角和各向异性系数32-353.2 薄交互层中的视倾角和各向异性系数35-403.2.1