新概念青少版5A语言及点语法Unit1Lesson1Lesson2.doc

新概念（青少版5A）学习要点 Unit 1 The end of a dreamLesson 1: The end of a dream1、 Key words and expressions（关键词和词组） 1）be tired of doing sth 厌倦了做某事 I am tired of playing the flute. 我厌倦了吹笛子 2) the end of 某事的终止； the end of a dream梦做完了 the end of the week 这个周末； the end of lat term上学期期末 3）to understand 明白、理解 (understood 过去式、过去分词） I dont understand it, please tell me. 我不明白，请告诉我。 understanding 明白、理解（动名词）Thank you for your understanding. 谢谢你的理解 4）to save time（节省时间）, to save money（省钱、存钱）, to save life（救命）, to save water（节约用水），to save up（固定词组）存钱，攒钱 5）for years, for many years很多年 6) a real bed 一张真正的床 7） to become 变成 （became过去式，become过去分词） He wants to become a doctor in the future. 他将来想要成为一名医生。 8) proud（形容词） 骄傲的 Im proud of my mother. 我为妈妈而骄傲。（proud 做表语） He wants to become a proud son of his mother. 他要成为妈妈骄傲的儿子。(proud 做定语） 9）to own 拥有 反义词to owe 欠 They own a smaller house. 他们拥有一所比较小房的子。（owned 过去式、过去分词） She didnt want to owe his money. 她不想欠他的钱。 （owed 过去式、过去分词） 10）to carry sth in arms 抱着 to carry sth on the back 背着 （carried 过去式、过去分词） He carried the bed onto the roof of his house. 他把床搬到屋顶上去了。 He carried the mattress into his house. 他把床垫搬到屋子里。11）the roof of his house 他的屋顶 the ceiling of his room他屋子的天花板12）to sleep 睡觉 to go to sleep 去睡觉 (slept 过去式、过去分词）13）to blow up 吹，刮风；用手或者重器猛击 (blew 过去式 blown过去分词）14）a gust of wind 一阵风15）to sweep 扫地，(风）横扫 （swept 过去式、过去分词）16) to crash 撞毁 The car crashed. 那台车撞烂了。（crashed过去式、过去分词）17）to wake up 醒了，叫醒 （woke 过去式 waken过去分词）I wake up at six every morning. 我每天早上六点醒My mother woke me up at six yesterday morning. 我妈妈昨天早上六点钟叫醒了我。18) be awake醒着 to be asleep睡着 The baby is awake.婴孩醒了 The baby is asleep.婴孩睡着19) until 直到 (副词) I didnt watch TV until I finished my homework. 做完作业前我没看电视20) to strike 罢工、撞击（struck 过去式、过去分词）The bed struck the ground. 那床摔倒了地上210 although 虽然 （副词）22) to smash to pieces （打）摔得粉碎（smashed 过去式、过去分词）23) miracle 神奇的（形容词）a miracle bridge一座神奇的大桥 miraculously 神奇地（副词）He jumps miraculously high. 他跳得神奇般地高24) be hurt受伤be unhurt未受伤He fell but was not hurt. He fell but unhurt. 他摔倒了但并未受伤25) a piece of 一张、一条 pieces 碎片 a bit of 一点 bits of 小块片的26) to lie 躺、坐落 She is lying in bed. 她正在床上躺着。 The city lies below the mountain. 这个城市坐落于山脚下。lie 躺、坐落： 过去式 lay 过去分词 lain 现在分词 lyinglie 说谎： 过去式 lie 过去分词 lie 现在分词 lying27) to glance at 一瞥、看一眼（glanced 过去式、过去分词）28) promptly 迅速地，立即、马上（副词）2、 Language points（语言点）1） tired of sleeping on the floor 过去分词短语做原因状语2） for the first time in his life 有生以来第一次3） a bed which had springs and a mattress 带有弹簧和垫子的床（席梦思床）关系代词引导定语重句做 bed 的定语 4） A gust of wind sent the bed crashing into the courtyard below. 一阵风把那张床吹到下面的院子里，摔得粉碎crashing into the courtyard below 现在分词短语（非谓语）做宾语补足语5） although 虽然 英语中虽然.但是不会一起用Although he is still very young, he can help the family. 虽然他还很小，但是他就能帮助家里。6） the bits of wood and metal that lay around him 散落在身边的木头和金属碎片关系代词 that 引导定语重句修饰 wood and metal3、 Grammar（语法）过去完成时（构成：had+动词的过去分词，表示过去某个时段之前完成的动作）The young man did not wake up until the bed had struck the ground.这位年轻人一直没醒，直到床撞到地面上。（床先撞到地上，年轻人才醒来）被动语态（构成：be动词+动词的过去分词）The bed was smashed to pieces. 这张床被摔得粉碎（过去时）The bed is smashed to pieces这张床被摔得粉碎（现在时）The storm smashed the bed to pieces. 暴风把床摔得粉碎（主动语态）句子类型1） Simple sentencces简单句This is a table. 这是桌子 （主系表结构简单句）I play football. 我踢足球 （主谓宾结构简单句）2） Compound sentences并列句After school, I go swimming and Xiaoming goes home. 主谓宾结构并列句放学后，我去游泳，小明回家。3） Complex sentences复合句He owns a bed which has springs and a mattress. 主谓宾结构复合句（带定语重句）他拥有一个席梦思床。4） Compound-complex sentences并列复合句After school, I will play a new game which my father bought for me and Xiaoming will go swimming. 放学后，我要玩爸爸买给我的新游戏，小明要去游泳。4、 课文翻译 美梦告终因为厌倦一直睡在地上，德黑兰的一位年轻人积攒多年终于买了一张真正的床。有生以来第一次，他骄傲地拥有了一张带有弹簧和垫子的床。因为天气非常炎热，他把这张床搬到了屋顶上。头两夜他睡得非常香。但是到了第三个夜晚，暴风骤起。一阵风把床吹下屋顶，摔到下面的院子里。这位年轻人一直没醒，直到床撞到地面上。虽然这张床被摔得粉碎，但是这位年轻人奇迹般地毫发未损。当他醒来时，他还在床垫上。瞥了一眼散落在周围的木头和金属碎片，他悲伤地拾起床垫，然后把床垫搬进屋里。当他把床垫放在地上后，立即又进入了梦乡。Lesson 2: Give a dog a phone!一、Key words and expressions（关键词和词组）1） to move 搬家、移动东西 Amy moved into a larger apartment. 艾米搬进了一个较大的公寓。Move the chair to the other room. 把椅子搬到另一个房间去！2）to joke 开玩笑 He joked that he would go without me. 他开玩笑说不带我去。3）up and down 上上下下 The wind blew the balloon up and down. 风把气球吹得上下飘动。4）back and forth （前后）来来回回地，反复地 The children were swimming back and forth in the pool. 孩子们在游泳池里穿梭地游着。The girl walked back and forth in front of the gate. 那个女孩在大门前来回地走着。5）be like to do sth (sb); be like doing sth 喜欢某事 (某人)；喜欢做某事6）to seem to do sth 似乎，看上去 He seems to like pets. 他似乎喜欢宠物。7）to run after sb跟在某人后面跑，追赶，追逐8）to go after 追求，追逐，对付 The wolf is going after a rabbit. 那只狼在追逐一直兔子。9）to keep pets 养宠物10）be fond of 爱好，喜欢，喜爱be fond of sth; be fond of doing sth; be fond of sb 喜欢某事；喜欢做某事；喜欢某人(to become fond of sth; sb; doing sth) 越来越喜欢某事；某人；做某事11）be keen on sth; be keen on doing sth对.着迷、喜爱，专注于，专心与12）to take a dog for walks 遛狗13）even so尽管如此 He did not like school, even so, he still went everyday. 他不喜欢学校，尽管如此, 他仍然每天去。14）to go on business出差 My father went on business last Monday. 我爸爸上周一出差了。15）to promise sb to do sth 承诺、答应某人某事 I promised my parents for better grades. 我答应父母要取得更好的成绩。16） to intend to do sth, to intend to be sb 打算做某事; 打算成为.I intend to go to the gym. 我打算去健身。I intend to be a doctor. 我打算成为一名医生。17）to decide to do sth 决定做某事 I have decided to be a doctor. 我已经做了决定要成为医生。18）once a week每周一次, twice a week每周两次, three times a week每周三次19）be pleased with sb,对某人很满意、高兴 be pleased with sth对某事很满意, 高兴、得意be pleased with doing sth对做某事很满意、很得意20）to boast about sth吹嘘某事 He always boasts about his good grades. 他总是吹嘘他的好成绩。21）to hold sth 抓住、拿着某物; hold on 等一下 Please hold the door. 先别关门（等我一下）。22）in case of sth; in case that 以防，万一发生 Dont use the elevator in case of a fire万一着火，别使用电梯。23）to say hello to sb和某人打招呼 Say hello to your friends. 和你朋友打招呼。24）be mad at, be mad with, be mad about 气急了的，发狂的be mad at (with) sth, be mad at (with) sb, 对某人极度地生气 Dont be mad at me, I didnt mean to hurt you. 别那么生气，我没想伤害你。(to go mad with excitement 兴奋地抓狂了）25）as usual与往常一样 David studies hard as usual. 大卫与往常一样刻苦学习。26）about 大约；about a minute大约一分钟27）at the end of the line 在电话的另一端28）Hardly - 几乎不，简直不can hardly believe 几乎不敢相信，其中believe 是动词，hardly是副词He could hardly believe his ears. 他几乎不敢相信自己的耳朵。2、 Grammar（语法）介词短语做时间状语1） Before marying Nina 在与你妮娜结婚之前2） After noticing that the dogs would run up and down the stairs and bark当留意到那两条狗会叫着楼上楼下跑之后动名词（gerund) 和现在分词的区别 (present participle)Running up and down so many stairs （动名词做主语）was like going（动名词做表语） to the gym. Listening （现在分词做状语）at the other end of the line, Alan could hardly believe his ears.*动名词、现在分词、动词不定式构成非谓语动词，三者都保持动词特性 动名词：虽然保持动词特性，但是还是名词，在句子中做名词能做的（主语、 表语、宾语、同位语、定语）现在分词：保持动词特性，在句子中做定语和状语动名词、现在分词做表语、定语时比较容易弄错，他们的区别在于：1） 做表语：-相当于名词就是动名词 My favourite sport is swimming. 我最喜欢的运动是游泳。 -相当于形容词，就是现在分词 This book is very interesting. 这