英语词汇用法积累.doc

一.Marry 用法marry既可用作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词，意为结婚；嫁；娶；与.结婚等。常见用法如下：一、marry sb 表示嫁给某人；与.结婚 （不用介词to） John married Mary last week. 上星期约翰和玛丽结婚了。二、be/get married to sb 表示与某人结婚。 Jane was married to a doctor last month. 上个月简和一位医生结婚了。 Rose got married to a teacher. 罗斯和一位教师结婚了。与时间段连用时要有: be married for + 时间段She has been married for twenty years . 三、marry sb to sb 表示父母把女儿嫁给某人或为儿子娶媳妇。 She married her daughter to a businessman. 她把女儿嫁给了一位商人。四、marry作不及物动词时，往往用副词或介词短语来修饰。 She married very early. 她很早就结婚了。五、marry 一般不与介词with 连用。 【误】She married with an Englishman. 【正】She married an Englishman. 【正】She was / got married to an Englishman.六、若问某某是否结婚，而不涉及结婚的对象，可用be / get married的形式，相当于系表结构。你结婚了吗？【误】 Do you marry?/ Have you married? 【正】 Are you married?/ Have you got married?二.Sure用法1）Be sure of +抽象名词/doing sth ：主语是人，译为：主语有把握/确信He is sure of his success. = He is sure that he will succeed. 他确信他会成功 Im sure of his honesty. 我肯定他是诚实的.Im sure of winning the game. 我有把握赢得这场比赛.Be sure of + 反身代词 ：有自信心 She is not sure of herself . 她对自己没有太大把握.2）be sure about +具体名词 主语对有把握 Im not sure about two things grammar and some of the idioms. 我对语法和部分习惯用语没有把握.3）Be sure to do sth 主语可人可物、译为：说话人对句子主语的判断而不是主语对自身判断，译为：“主语一定、必然会”He is sure to succeed. 他一定会成功。 It is sure to rain. 天一定会下雨. Be sure to do 用在祈使句中不表判断而是提出要求，肯定祈使句中译为“务必/一定要”， Be sure to forget it . 否定祈使句中译为“千万别做某事” Be sure not to do that thing again.4）Be sure + that 从句：主句主语对宾语从句中人或事的判断 “确信某人/某事一定会” Im sure that you will make great progress this time .5) sure 用作副词时常用于口语中 sure = of course / certainly 三. In + 时间段 in two weeks time 在两周内 in two weeks 两周后四 代替 take ones place 动词词组 Instead of+/名词/动名词 副词词组 放在动词后 rather than+名词/代词/形/动词原形 并列连词词组五. rather than用法：1.ratherthan与would连用时，“wouldrather.than.”，宁愿而不愿” (注意动词都用原形)I would rather read books than hang out in my free time.2.Rather than不与would连用时，表示客观事实，“是而不是；与其不如”它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词短语、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。现分述如下：（要注意rather than前后平行结构）(1)连接两个名词或代词HeIis an explorer rather thanasailor.与其说他是一个海员，不如说他是一个探险者。YouratherthanIaregoingtogocamping. 是你而不是我要去要野营。 I rather than he am standing. 千万注意：ratherthan连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与ratherthan前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致，非就近一致要求。(2)连接两个形容词 Thesweatersheboughtwasbeautifulratherthancheap.与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮。(3)连接两个介词短语或动名词Wewillhavethemeetingintheclassroomratherthaninthegreathall. Sheenjoyssingingratherthandancing. （注意：rather than 前用了doing,所以其后也用doing） 她喜欢唱歌，而不喜欢跳舞。(4)连接两个分句Weshouldhelphim ratherthan heshouldhelpus.是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该帮助我们。5)连接两个不定式 Idecidedtowriteratherthan(to)telephone.我决定写信而不打电话。 注意：rather than后接不定式时，不定式可以带to，也可以不带to. 但 rather than位于句首时，则只能接不带to的不定式。Ratherthanallowthevegetables go bad,hesoldthemathalfprice.他唯恐蔬菜烂掉，把它们以半价卖掉了。 (6)连接两个动词:都用过去式，表明的是发生过的一事实 Heranratherthanwalked. 他是跑来的，而不是走来的。 Hewould run ratherthanwalk. 他宁愿跑而不愿走wouldrather的用法 “宁愿、最好”, 其否定形式是wouldrathernotdosth ，wouldrather没有人称和数的变化，would在此决无过去之意，它是一个情态助动词，且无词性、时态变化。MrLiwouldrathernotlistentorockmusic.李先生不愿意听摇滚音乐Hedratherworkinthecountryside.她宁可到农村去工作。二、如果在两者中进行取舍，表示宁愿而不愿，与其宁可”的意思时，则可用wouldratherthan或wouldratherthan的句型，都用动词原形IwouldratherwatchTVathomethangotothecinema. Thechildrenwouldwalkthereratherthantakeabus. 请注意wouldratherthan/ wouldratherthan 也可以颠倒为：ratherthanwould 后都接动词原形，若前后的动词相同时，than后的动词可以省略。 Iwouldratherhavenoodlesthanrice.我宁愿吃面条也不吃米饭。Hewouldratherdrinkwinethanbeer. 六.agree 用法 1）agree with + sb/ sth 同意某人/某人意见 或 某事适合某人 I quite agree with you 我完全同意你的意见 We agree with what you said. 我们同意你的说法.Hard work doesnt agree with him . 艰苦的工作对他不适合. 2）agree (to) sth 同意/接受别人的计划/安排 （to可以省略） He agreed (to) the plan / the date/ our arrangement. .3）agree on/ upon 双方协商达成一致 Can we agree on a right price/date ? 4）agree to do sth =agree doing sth disagree to do sth agree sb to do sth 没有此句型5）agreement disagreement have disagreements in 在某方面有分歧七.变得1) turn+ 颜色 Look, the leaves in the tree turned yellow.2)become+ 表结果性词 famous/ rich 3)get + 情感/ 长短 get excited / angry/ longer / shorter 注：turn 短语有：turn on/ off/down/ up turn over 翻过来 turn left/ right= turn to the left 句型：Its ones turn to do sth . 轮到某人做某事八. 以的价格/ 速度用at ： at a good price sell at half price 以半价出售 The car is traveling at60miles an hour . 以的声音用in in a low voice 九. a piece of 中形容词的位置 注：表颜色、好坏的形容词用在of 后; 而表大小的形容词放在piece 前. 1) Brings us a piece of good/bad news. A piece of red paper 2) a huge piece of eyes 一双大眼睛 a big piece of paper. A big piece of red paper 十 other 、another、 the other、 the others 、others用法 Other 是形容词 “别的/其他的”不可单独使用，其后要加名词(复数) Another 是形容词“另一个” 指不确定书目中的另外一个， 其后也要加名词（单/ 复） The other 专指两个中的另一个 / 双方中的另一方 是代词 作主语/宾语 Others 有的（但不是余下的全部） 代词 the others 其余全部 = the other +m名词复数十一.way短语 1） intheway = inonesway 挡路，碍事 You are in my/the way.2） In this way = th