高考中的定语从句.doc

高考中的定语从句黄浦区教师进修学院金敏定语从句在高考中是从未间断过的语法点。纵观近五年的高考英语试卷，主要的考点有：1. “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句是高考题的热点(02上海秋季高考)31. Alec asked the policeman _ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.A. with himB. whoC. with whomD. whom（04上海秋季高考）36. American women usually identify their best friend as someone _ they can talk frequently.A. whoB. asC. about whichD. with whom这两题的答案分别是C、D。第一句根据句子意思需选择介词with，从而构成work with the policeman；第二句根据句子意思需选择介词with，从而构成talk with someone。这两句句子中的关系代词作定语从句中的介词with的宾语，指人，而介词with又位于它的前面，这时就只能用whom。(04全国秋季高考)23. The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success.A. for whichB. at whichC. in whichD. on which此题答案是C。根据句子意思需选择介词in，从而构成act in the play。关系代词在此是指play，指物，因此选择in which。注意：如果定语从句谓语动词为介词动词，那么介词必须后置，不能与动词拆开置于关系代词前面。如：It is not necessary to look up in a dictionary every word (that) we come across in our reading.The boy wont tell us the thing (which) he is afraid of.2. 非限制性定语从句是高考题的重点（06上海春季高考）37. You can find whatever you need at the shopping center, _ is always busy at the weekend.A. thatB. whereC. whatD. which此题答案是D。这是一句非限制性定语从句，关系代词指代的是the shopping center，因此只能用which，而不能用that来引导。（05上海春季高考）34. The United States is made up of fifty states, one of _ is separated from the others by the Pacific Ocean.A. themB. thoseC. whichD. whose此题答案是C。这也是一句非限制性定语从句，关系代词指代的是fifty states,，而且关系代词前有介词of，因此选择which。（03上海春季高考）32. _ has been announced, we shall have our final exams next month.A. ThatB. AsC. It D. What此题答案是B。这是一句非限制性定语从句，关系代词指代整个句子we shall have our final exams next month，且位于句首，因此选择As。（04天津秋季高考）23. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _, of course, made the others envy him.A. whoB. thatC. whatD. which此题答案是D。这是一句非限制性定语从句，关系代词指代整个句子Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others，且从句中行为动词made是主动语态，因此选择which。3. 关系副词where的用法是高考题中的难点（04上海春季高考）36. A fast food restaurant is the place _, just as the name suggests, eating is performed quickly.A. whichB. whereC. thereD. what此题答案是B。这是一句限制性定语从句，关系副词指代in a fast food restaurant，指地点，因此选择where。（05上海秋季高考）40. If a shop has chairs _ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.A. thatB. whichC. whenD. where此题答案是D。这里的关系副词指代on chairs，指地点，因此选择where。以上两题中的先行词为明显的地点，而高考试题中对于where的考查趋于复杂，由“明显的地点”转为“模糊的地点”，如：（01上海秋季高考）37. Hes got himself into a dangerous situation _ he is likely to lose control over the plane.A. whereB. whichC. whileD. why此题答案是A。根据句意“他使得自己处于非常危险的境况中，（在这个境况中）他可能失去对飞机的控制”，所选择的关联词应该在定语从句中作地点状语，表示in the situation。 （03上海秋季高考）41. I can think of many cases _ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldnt write a good essay.A. whyB. whichC. asD. where此题答案是D。定语从句的先行词cases在此意为“实例，情况”，根据从句的意思“在这些例子中（情境中）”，先行词在从句中应该担当状语成分，表示in many cases。注意：where这个词不仅仅可以表地点，某人/物的情况、某事发展的阶段、某事的某个方面都可以用where这个关系副词来表达。如：I work in