3形容词、副词和介词短语.doc

京翰教育/重点一 形容词、副词在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式1(2014广东高考)After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six monthsearlier(early), but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake.2(2013新课标卷)It may not be a great suggestion. But before a better (good) one is put forward, well make do with it.3(2013天津高考)I think watching TV every evening is a waste of time there are more(many) meaningful things to do.4(2013安徽高考)Its said that the power plant is now twice as large as what it was.考点一、形容词、副词的比较等级1平级比较(1)as形容词(副词)原级as .“和一样”。not as/so形容词(副词)原级as .“不如”John plays football as well as, if not better than, David.约翰踢足球就算不比大卫强，但至少和他踢得一样好。1111111111111111111111(2)as形容词原级a(n)n.as .“和一样”。Our neighbor has as big a house as ours.我们邻居的房子和我们的一样大。2比较级(1)比较级than .“比更”；less . than“不如”。This year they have produced less grain than they did last year.他们今年生产的谷物比去年少。(2)the比较级， the 比较级 “越，越”。Its believed that the harder you work, the better result youll get.人们相信，工作越努力，得到的结果将越好。(3)the比较级of the 名词/代词 “两者中较的”。Who is the younger of the two boys?这两个男孩中较小的是哪一个？ (4)“否定词比较级”表示最高级含义。(2011全国卷)Mr. Stevenson is great to work for I really couldnt ask for a better boss.为斯蒂文森先生工作感觉非常好，我真的找不到比他更好的老板了。3比较等级前常用的修饰语有：a little, a bit, slightly, much, a lot, a great deal, any, far, by far, even, still等。(2011江西高考)The film is, I have to say, not a bit interesting. Why? Its far more interesting than the films I have ever seen.我不得不说这部电影一点意思也没有。为什么？它比我以前看过的所有电影都有趣多了。4最高级的基本结构表达在某个范围内“最”，使用“the最高级比较范围”结构。考点二、倍数表达法1A is倍数比较级thanBThe output of cars in 2014 is four times greater than that of 2013. 2014年小轿车产量是2013年的5倍。2A is倍数as原级asBAccording to statistics, a man is more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer as a woman.根据数据，男性死于皮肤癌的可能性是女性的两倍还要多。3A is倍数the名词 (size, length, height等)ofBMy house is twice the size of his.我的房子是他的两倍大。4A is倍数what引导的名词性从句The price of meat is twice what it was last year.肉价是去年的两倍。抢分必备1注意形容词、副词的位置名词前和系动词后一般要使用形容词；动词前后、形容词前、句首和句尾一般使用副词。Behave _ (proper), or youll be considered impolite.答案：properly2通过比较结构中的标志性词语判断空格处单词的词形空格在as .as中间使用原形，空格在than前面或even后面则使用比较级形式；空格前有定冠词the，可以根据语境判断是否要使用最高级形式。John did badly in the sports meet. I did even _(bad)答案：worse3注意比较级结构中的平行结构 She thinks it better to work than _(go) shopping.答案：to go重点二介 词(短 语)用适当的介词填空1. (2014北京高考)Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves in half an hour.2(2014陕西高考)The Scottish girl with blue eyes won the first prize in the Fifth Chinese Speech Contest.3(2014浙江高考)People wont pay attention to you when they still have a lot of ideas of their own crying for expression.4(2013广东高考)The only reason a man would sell salt at a lower price would be because he was desperate for money.5(2013新课标卷)A serious study of physics is impossible without some knowledge of mathematics.6(2013山东高考)The Smiths are praised for the way they bring up their children.考点一、常用介词1against(表示方位)倚靠着；(表示态度)反对；(表示对比)以为背景(2012陕西高考) An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are against it.看来意见达成一致是不可能了，因为大多数委员会成员都表示反对。2off(表示位置)在的外面，在的沿海；(表示方向)偏离；从离开(2012辽宁高考) The Well Hotel stands in a quiet place off the main road at the far end of the lake.Well Hotel坐落于湖尽头的大路附近的一个非常安静的地方。3over(表示位置)在的正上方，在的上面；(表示方向)越过；(表示等级或数目)高于，在之上，超过；(表示时间或过程)在期间(2011山东高考) Im sorry I didnt phone you, but Ive been very busy over the past couple of weeks.很抱歉我没有给您打电话，但是在过去的两周里我一直很忙。4beyond(表示位置)在另一边，在更远处；(表示程度)超出，非所能及(2009全国卷) Everybody was touched beyond words after they heard her moving story.听了她感人的故事，大家都被感动得无以言表。5with(表示关系)和在一起；(表示状态)具有，带有；(表示方式)用，凭借；(表示对象)关于；(表示伴随)随着；(表示原因)由于，因为(2010重庆高考) The dictionary is what I want, but I dont have enough money with me.这本词典是我想要的，但我身上没带那么多钱。6through(表示位置)穿过；(表示时间)整个；(表示手段、媒介)依据，经由(2010重庆高考) Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you through the tough years.毕业时是向那些在艰难岁月里帮助过你的人表示感谢的好机会。考点二、介词的固定搭配介词的固定搭配考查有两种：一是考查固定搭配中的介词；二是考查介词短语。近五年考查到的介词短语的固定搭配有：介词、副词构成的短语及意义inin the meanwhile同时in the way 阻挡in time 及时；最终in detail 详细地in favour of 同意in case 以免；万一in return 作为回报in exchange for 用以交换in terms of 就而言in need of 需要in search of 寻找in the form of 以形式in the direction of 朝方向in honour of 为纪念in response to 作为对的回应in sight 看得见in turn 依次in particular 尤其，特别in charge 负责，掌管forbe praised for 因为受到表扬for life 终生for the benefit of 为了的利益as for 就而论；关于be trained for 被训练为for lack of 由于缺乏onon behalf of代表on the contrary 相反on condition that . 以作为条件on account of 因为，由于on watch 值班；监视withhave an appointment with 与有约会with regard to 关于aboveabove average 在平均数以上above all 首先；最重要的是byby chance偶然；碰巧by name 用名字by means of 通过方法fromapart from 除之外far from 远非againstwarn sb. against (doing) sth. 警告某人不要做某事out ofout of control失去控制out of place 不在合适的位置；不适当的out of ones reach 某人够不着的地方out of the question 不可能out of question 毫无疑问out of sight 看不见out of order 发生故障(2012安徽高考)You can change your job, you can move house, but friendship is meant to be for life.你可以换工作，可以搬家，但友谊却可以终生受用。(2013北京高考)I have an appointment with Dr. Smith, but I need to change it.我和史密斯医生有个约会，但我需要改一下。Apart from good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.除了良好的服务，本饭店还提供不同种类的传统闽菜。抢分必备1注意介词的习惯用法(1)_ arriving in England, he set out to do the experiment.(2) Flowers look better _ green leaves.答案：(1)On/Upon(2)against2根据语境准确使用介词My sister was _ my suggestion while my mother was in favor of it.答案：against随堂即时训练考向专练(一)形容词、副词.用所给词的适当形式填空1(2011四川高考)How was your recent trip to Sichuan? Ive never had a more_pleasant (pleasant) one before.2(2010广东高考)The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be sweeter (sweet)3After careful treatment, he felt much better (well) than before.4Bob ran the 100 meters in 9.91 seconds, and I have not seen anyone better (good) this year.5John is the tallest_ (tall) boy in the class, and is almost taller than the teacher.6How beautifully she sings！I have never heard a better (good) voice.7The price of houses in Beijing is six times higher (high) than that in my city.8Professor White has written some stories, but he is better (good) known for his plays.完成句子1引进新技术后，工厂今年生产的汽车是前年的两倍。After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced twice_as_many_cars this year as the year before.2据我所知，这项工作不是你预料的那么难。As far as I know, the work is not as_difficult_as you expect.3今天不如昨天冷。It is less_cold today than it was yesterday.4你越仔细，犯的错误就越少。The more careful you are, the_fewer_mistakes_youll_make.5你的故事真精彩，我以前从没听过比这更好的故事。Your story is wonderful; Ive never heard a_better_one before.考向专练(二)介词(短语).用适当的介词填空1(2014银川模拟)She saw the strange bird with her own eyes.2. (2014唐山模拟)Tell your children not to run across the street.3. (2014大连模拟)Can you return the book by Monday?4. (2014贵州模拟)He came to the meeting despite his serious illness.5(2014太原模拟)A huge amount of money has been spent on the new bridge.6(2014海口一模)Although against my opinion, the old professor didnt come up with his own.7(2014吉林模拟) On the morning of my mothers birthday, I usually help my mother do some housework.8(2014呼和浩特模拟)After graduation, Frank often thought of those who had helped him through his school life.语法填空(介词专练)Fathers Day occurs on the 3rd Sunday in June. The idea for creating a day 1.for children to honor their fathers began in Spokane, Washington. A woman 2.by the name of Sonora Smart Dodd thought 3.of the idea for Fathers Day while listening to a Mothers Day sermon 4.in 1909.Having been raised 5.by her father, Henry Jackson Smart, after her mother died, Sonora wanted her father to know how special he was 6.to her.It was her father that made all the parental sacrifices and was, 7.in the eyes of his daughter, a courageous, selfless, and loving man. Sonoras father was born in June, so she chose to hold the first Fathers Day celebration 8.in Spokane, Washington 9.on the 19th of June, 1910.In 1924 President Calvin Coolidge announced the third Sunday in June 10.as Fathers Day. Roses are the Fathers Day flowers.专题滚动检测(三)限时：30分钟形容词、副词和介词(短语)阅读理解1篇任务型阅读.用所给单词的适当形式填空1(2013新课标卷)Tony can hardly boil an egg, still less (little) cook dinner.2In that school, English is compulsory (compel) for all students, but French and Russian are optional.3Ive been writing this report occasionally (occasion) for the last two weeks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow.4His teacher took a deep drink, smiled warmly (warm), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water.5The teacher replied，“You tasted the water.I tasted the gift.The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love.Nothing could be sweeter (sweet)”6He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, but he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” higher (high)7This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their natural (nature) course.8. We drank together and talked merrily (merry) till far into the night.9One of the worst (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher, Ms Chen.10Games are often exciting (excite) and dramatic, but they generally arent very intellectual.11Seated in a comfortable chair, listening to the peaceful music, youll be brought into a relaxed (relax) state of mind.12“How much is a dish of plain ice cream？”he asked.Some people were now waiting for her service and the waitress grew a bit impatient (patience)“Thirty five cents”， she said rudely (rude)13A great person is always putting others interests above his own.14Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden? They are for everyones enjoyment.15It saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a lot within easy reach.阅读理解(2014石家庄高三调研)Kieron Williamson: The Art Worlds Youngest StarMany parents display their childrens artwork on the refrigerator, but Kieron Williamsons paintings have been on display in professional galleries since he was 6 years old.Kierons artwork, though, extends far beyond childlike stick figures or finger painting. In fact, the child from Norfolk, England, has been called “the boy who paints like an old master”According to his parents, Kieron was a typical toddler who liked finding bugs and playing in the mud.But on a 2008 family vacation to the beach, the 5yearold was inspired by the boats and scenery and asked his parents for a sketch pad.His initial drawings could have been done by any young child, but after the family returned home, Kieron continued drawing and began to display a gift for art.When he started asking about the process of putting a painting together, his parents realized he needed professional instruction. Soon after, he began taking lessons, and his progress amazed everyone as the young boy produced impressive landscapes and watercolors.In 2009, when the 6yearold had a chance to exhibit his work in a gallery, he sold 19 paintings for 14,000 pounds, becoming famous overnight. From then on, he was surrounded by buyers from France, Japan, Greece and other countries.The young artist held another exhibit three months after the first one and sold 16 paintings for over 17,000 pounds, followed by a third sale, earning 150,000 pounds.For the fourth exhibit, Kieron took the day off from school but ended up returning to school early.His entire collection had sold out in 10 minutes to collectors from around the world.Now he has a waiting list of more than 5,000 people who have ordered his paintings.He has appeared in interviews before millions, and he has been compared to Pablo Picasso.Yet Kieron doesnt seem to be fazed by all the attention, still making time for football and maintaining excellent grades at school.He does have one goal he gets excited about：“Id like the Queen to have a collection of my work.” With his popularity climbing, this young artist may realize his wish one day.1According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?AKierons paintings are just as childish as other childrens.BKierons initial drawings suggested that he would be an art master.CKieron benefited greatly from professional instruction.DBefore displaying a gift for art, Kieron received professional training.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第四段中的“his parents realized he needed professional instruction.Soon after, he began taking lessons，and his progress amazed everyone as the young boy produced impressive landscapes and watercolors.”可知C项正确。2Paragraph 5 is mainly intended to tell us_.Athe four exhibits of his paintingsBthe process of his wealth accumulationCthe high quality of his paintingsDthe increasing popularity of his paintings解析：选D推理判断题。根据第五段作者提供的几个数据：第一次“he sold 19 paintings for 14,000 pounds”， 第二次“sold 16 paintings for over 17,000 pounds”，第三次“earning 150,000 pounds”，第四次“His entire collection had sold out in 10 minutes to collectors from around the world. Now he has a waiting list of more than 5,000 people who have ordered his paintings.”可知，他的画越来越受欢迎。故选D项。3. Why did Kieron go back to school early on the day of his fourth exhibit?ABecause his mind was focused on study.BBecause the exhibit was put off.CBecause he wanted to gain praise from teachers.DBecause his paintings were sold out earlier than expected.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第五段中对几次画展中Kieron的画的销售情况的描述，尤其是“His entire collection had sold out in 10 minutes to collectors from around the world.”可知，在第四次画展中，他全部的画仅10分钟就销售一空了，所以比他预期的要早得多，故选D项。4. What does the word “fazed” probably mean in Paragraph 6?AFrustrated.BAffected.CEncouraged. DDefeated.解析：选B词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“he has been compared to Pablo Picasso”和其后的“still making time for football and maintaining excellent grades at school”可知，虽然受到很多人的注意，但他依然抽时间踢球，保持优异的成绩，由此推测他并未受到这些关注的影响。.任务型阅读(2014北京四中模考)Its water that makes our daily lives possible.Thats why protecting water sources is one of the primary missions at the Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission.We provide safe, clean drinking water to 1.8 million residents in Prince Georges and Montgomery counties. 1._ One way we protect water is through the watershed.The watershed reduces the pollutants reaching the reservoirs.They hold the water sources that provide 30 percent of our customers with drinking water.Thats over 600,000 people.For many years, we have issued permits to allow limited recreational use of the