动词不定式和动名词基本用法.doc

动词不定式基本用法动词不定式基本形式“to+v原”。也有不带to的动词不定式。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。既一律用动词原形One作宾语1.I wanted to show it to you.2.Im learning to skate.3.He needs to come early.4.After long time working,They need to have a good rest.5.Jenny wants to fly to paris next month.6.The family are planning to travel to Canada this Saturday.7.He hopes to get good grades in this math test.常用不定式做宾语的有： (1)want 想要to do sth (2)hope希望 to do sth (3)plan 计划to do sth (4)decide 决心to do sth(5)need 需要to do sth (6)expect期待 to do sth (7)refuse 拒绝to do sth (8)learn 学习to do sth(9)promise承诺 to do sth (10)fail失败 to do sth (11)agreedisagree 不同意to do sth (12)prepare 准备to do sth (13)offer主动 to do sth (14)pretend假装 to do sth (15)happen碰巧 to do sth (16)afford to paybuy付的起款，买的起东西Two:动词不定式作宾语补足语*ask sb (not)to do sth叫某人（别）去做某事1.Could you ask him to call me,please?2.Mr Li asked us not to play in the street.*Tell sb (not)to do sth告诉某人（别）去做某事3.The old woman tells the kids not to cross the street without seeing the traffic light.4.My father told me not to cross穿越 the street.*Want sb to do sth想要某人做某事5.He wanted you to ring him up.6.Jenny wants to go to a movie this Saturday.Three:不带to的动词不定式,Hear/heard听说；see/saw.看见；watch/watched观看,注视；let/make使,让;Help帮助。*Hear(heard) sb do sth听到某人做了某事*hear(heard) sb doing sth听到某人正做某事1.We often heard him sing in the next room.2.Yesterday when I passed the window,I heard him singing in his bedroom.*See(saw)sb do sth看见某人做了某事*see(saw)sb doing sth.看见某人正做某事3.I saw him going up the stairs at 7last night.我看见他（正）在上楼。4.I saw him go up the stairs last night.我看见他上了楼。*Watch(watched)sb do sth看着某人做了某事 *watch(watched)sb doing sth.看着某人正做某事5.We watched the players play basketball yesterday evening.6.I watched a thief stealing偷窃 a womans money.*Let sb do sth让某人做某事7.Let me see.让我想想。8.Let me help you.9.Lets咱们 go to the shopping mall.*Make sb do sth使某人做某事10.What makes you think I am a student?11.They always make the baby cry.12.The bob makes/made the workers work more that 10hours a day.*Help sb (to)do sth帮某人做某事13.Tony often helps me withstudy English.14.She often helps her parents(to)clean the room. 15.Could you help me (to)do chores?做家务had better(not) do sth.最好(别)做某事 (1)Youd better not goleave now.(2)Its too cold,youd better put on your coat (3)-May I go with you to the movies?-No,youd better finish your homework first.常用动名词（v+ing）形式*1.like doing sth喜欢做某事（经常性的习惯或爱好） (1)Kate likes painting pictures.but she likes to play computer games now.(2).Juddy likes skating,but now she likes skiing.*2.enjoy doing sth 很喜欢做某事 (1)Lucy enjoys cooking dinner (2)They enjoyed watching soccer game last night.*3.stop to do sth停下（一件事）去做（另一件）事 stop doing sth停止做（手中正在做的）某事 （1）When the teacher came in,the students stopped talking. （2）She stopped crying and listened to the weather report. （3）He stopped to have a look.4.consider doing sth考虑做某事(1)why not consider giving up smoking?(2)Why not consider visiting Paris?*5.practice doing sth练习做某事 (1)In order to 为了improve his English,he practices speaking English every day. (2)She often practices playing the violin on weekdays.*6.mind doing sth.介意做某事 (1)Would you mind not smoking here? (2)He doesnt mind eating junk food.(3)she doesnt mind being late for class.*7.keep(on) doing sth坚持.（一直）在做某事 (1)When I watched Tv last night,someone kept on knocking at the door. (2)I Kept (on)thinking about the problem this afternoon. (3)Im sorry,I have kept you waiting so long.8.finish doing sth做完某事 (1)Can you finish drawing the picture in five minutes? (2)She finished reading the story.*9.be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 (1)They are busy doing their homework now. (2)My father is busy working all day.10.start doing sth开始做某事 (1)Maria started skating two hours ago. (2)She started collecting stamps when she was nine years old.*11.have fun doing sth.开心地做某事 (1)Look,they are having fun swimming in the pool. (2)They had great fun flying kites at the park yesterday.*12.sb spend sometime doing sth.某人花时间做某事 Sb spend some money buying sth某人花钱卖某物 (1)Tony spends about 25minutes reading newspaper every night. (2)How much did you spend buying the new coats?Four:翻译练习：1My mother told me_.不要看电视到太晚2.My mother asks me_tomorrow.擦洗那部脏车3.The old woman_in the street.不要在街道上玩耍4.Could you tell me_?怎样到达医院5.My mother told me_.打电话的时间不要太长6.He hopes_next month.坐飞机去香港7.Do you want_with me this Friday?一起去看电影8.He wants_when he grows up.想当警察9.Did you enjoy_(弹吉他)？10.Jack usually spends about 15minutes_(看视频)/_看报every night.11(1)-Would you mind_(不要在这儿抽烟)？ -Sorry, I wont. (2)-Do you mind_(帮我打扫房间)？-Of course not/Not at all. (3)Would you mind_(把收音机音量调小)？Five:单项选择1( )Aunt Li often asks her son_too much meat,its bad for his health. A.dont eat B.not eat C.not to eat2( )Will you please show me _-the internet? A.how to use B.what to use . C.how can I use4( )Liu Ying told me _-for her at home. A.waited B not to wait C. to waited 5( ).He raised his voice嗓音 to make everybody in the room_him clearly.清晰地 A.heard B.hearing C.to hear6( )She is ill. Lets _a doctor at once. A.send B. to send to C. send to 7( )The boss often made them_the whole night. A. work B. to work C. working 8( )I often hear him_ A . sing B.to sing C.sings9( )I often helped my brother_English at night.A. to study B.studied C.studies10( )When I was walking in the street, I saw a plane_over my head.A.fly B.to fly C.flew11( )We still have many things_.A. to do B. do C.doing12( )We have two rooms_,but I cant decide _.A. to live, which one choose B.to live in, which one to choose C.to live,to choose which one.13( )Listen, can you hear a baby_？ A. cry B.to cry C. crying 14( )Its important_and helpful .A. to be kind B.be kind C. to kind15( )The interesting story made us_.A. laugh B.to laugh C.laughing16( )Do you want something_?A. drinks B.to drink C.drinking 17( )I find it hard_reach the apples.A,+ B.to C.to finish18( )They came_me last Sunday.A, to saw B.to seeing C.to see19( )Im sorry_the bad newsA. hear B.hearing C.to hear20( )-look,how heavy the rain is! -Youd better _until it stops.A.dont go now B.not to leave. C.not leave21( )The young lady watched her_ a yo-yo yesterday afternoon.A.played B.playing with C.to play22( )It took Li Ming an hour_his bike yesterday.A.to repair B.repaired C.repairing23( )The homework must be handed in上交 on time准时.So hed better_computer games A.not play B.not to play C.not playing24( )Tom told me _here.Its dangerous.A.not swam B.not swim C.not to swim25( )Dont let me_this or that. A.to do. B.do C.doing26( )Lets_watch the English movie. A.watching. B.to watch. C.watch26( )Toms sister often helped the old lonely woman_the clothes. A.washed. B.washes C.to wash27( )Tony found _boring to see the fiction movie. A.it B.this C.that28( )sorry,Ive kept you _so long. A.to wait B.waiting C.waited.29( )what about_to the town with us? A.going B.go C.to go 30( )Thank you for_my grandmather. A.look after B.looking after. C.taking care31( )At last ,the child stopped_and listened to the musicA.to cry B.crying C.cry32( )some boys of Class One enjoy_music. A.listening B.listen to C.listening to 33( )-Bob speaks Chinese well. -Yes ,she likes_Chinese every daY.A.practicing speaking B.practice speaking C.to practice speak关于提建议的句型1.why dont you(do sth)?Why not( do sth)?何不做某事呢?(1)_ you go shopping? _ go shopping? (2)Why dont you play soccer with us? (3)Why dont you join the Englsih club?why not join the English club?2.what about( doing sth)?做某事(如何怎样)呢? How about (doing sth)? What about如何，怎样？ (1)what about _?去购物如何？ (2)What about _basketball with us? (3)What about _听音乐来放松自己如何？(4)What about _?(参加运动俱乐部怎样？）(5)What about_to practice pronunciation? 大声朗读练习发声如何? (6)-The T-shirt is black,I dont like it. -_this black one?这黑色的一件怎样? (7)The game show is too boring