主语从句-综合设计.doc

个性化教学设计方案教师姓名高振顺学生姓名填写时间学 科英语年级高一教材版本第 章（单元）第 节阶 段观察期 第（）周 维护期教师课时统 计第（）课时共（）课时课程名称主语从句模块化教案课时计划第(1)课时共(2)课时上课时间教学目标同步教学知识内容 名词从句个性化学习问题解决 引导 讲解 练习教学重点 that wh-结构 it教学难点 it whatever类教学过程教师活动学生活动设计意图第一部分 句子成分概述 句子一般由两个部分组成：主语部分（ subject group）谓语部分（ predicate group）英语简单句常见的五种结构：S十V主谓结构 S十V十O主谓宾结构 S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构 S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构 S十V十P主系表结构 例句：英语基本句式造句1. Things changed.2. We dont beat children3.I found the book easy.4. He gave his sister the piano.5. Trees are green. 第二部分 主语概要1名词作主语 The hunter killed the lion.2代词作主语Everybody feels excited.3数词作主语Two-thirds of the students are boys in our school.4. the+形容词/v-ed/v-ing结构作主语The young should respect the old .The wounded needed help.5不定式作主语(通常用it作形式主语)To remember his number is important.It is important to remember his number.6. 动名词作主语 (也可用it作形式主语)Smoking is bad .Arguing with him is no use.It is no use arguing with him.第三部分 主语从句 导入：比较下面两个句子 The news made us worried.That he came late made us worried.That he is still alive makes us very happy.That we are invited to a concert this evening is good news to us.That we need more practice is quite clear.一个句子中充当主语的名词性从句，我们称之为主语从句。主语从句详解一. that引导1.主语从句可以由 that引导。引导词that在主语从句中不作任何成分, 也没有中文意义。当主语从句位于句首时, that不能省略。That we need more practice is quite clear.That they come to our rescue deeply touched our hearts.That her hair was turning grey worried her a bit.2. 如果主语很长,常用以 “it”作形式主语的结构。That English has been accepted as an international language is a fact.It is a fact that English has been accepted as an international language.形式主语5类常用句型: 1) It is + n. +从句 It is a pity/shame that. It is a surprise thatIt is a fact that It is common knowledge that2) It is + adj. +从句 Its certain that It is possible that. It is unlikely that. It is obvious that It is necessary important that3) It +不及物动词+从句 It + seems/happens/appears +that It occurred to me +that4) It + be +过去分词+从句 It is said that. It is known to all that. It is reported that. It is believed that.It is suggested that + (should）do.It must be admitted thatIt cannot be denied thatIt must be pointed out that5) It+doesntmatter. It makesnodifference.Itdoesntmatterwhethershewillcomeornot.It makes no difference to me who will show up.二疑问代词疑问副词引导主语从句要求使用陈述句语序，谓语用三人称单数。what，who, which, whether, when, where, why, how等连接词，有疑问含义，充当各种成分。What he said/did was right. Who broke the glass yesterday is not clear. Which car you will choose to buy makes no difference. When we shall hold our sports meet is not decided. Where she has gone is not known yet. Why he did it will remain a puzzle for ever.How he was successful is still a puzzle.Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.不能用if.Whether he will join us wont make too much difference.注意：由疑问词引导的主语从句，同样可以用 “it”作形式主语。It puzzles us whether Jack knows the news. It remains a secret what controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out of the atmosphere. 但是: 如果整句话谓语动词是be则不可以用it。What he did was wrong.不能改成It was wrong what he did.第四部分：认识whateverWhat he said is reasonable.Whatever he said is reasonable.Whatever he did is right.Whatever was said here must be kept secret.2. whatever, whichever, whoever和what一样引导从句，ever起到强调作用。此类主语从句不能用形式主语it引导，它们在句子中担任成分，不能省略，语序为陈述语序。Who will take part in the meeting has not been decided.Whoever makes mistakes must correct them. Whoever breaks the law will be punished. Which student will win is uncertain.Whichever book you borrow doesnt matter to usWhichever room she may choose should be decorated as soon as possible.第五部分 难点处理知识点比较一.whether, if在主语从句中，只能选用whetheror not 通常可以直接跟在whether后面，或者省略。二. that, whether, 与其它wh-连接词1. _ he spends too much time playing computer games worries me. that在从句中不充当任何成分,无词义,不可省2. _ he will give it up or not is not known.Whether在从句中不充当任何成分，只表示“是否(这件事情)”3._will take part in the meeting has not been decided._they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery.而wh-连词在从句中作成分，且含有疑问意义。三. Whateve，No matter+whatWhatever用于名词性从句或状语从句;No matter+what只用于状语从句_ she said was welcome._he says, I wont believe him. Her cellphone helps her do _she wants to do. I wont believe him_ he says. 第六部分课后作业：主语从句专练1._you have done might do harm to other people. A. ThatB. WhatC. WhichD. This2. _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. AnyoneB. The personC. WhoeverD. Who3. _ the Games will be held in Beijing is not known. A. WheneverB. IfC. WhetherD. That4. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey. A. whichB. thatC. ifD. for5. _ you dont like him is none of my business. A. WhatB. WhoC. ThatD. Whether6. _ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. A. WhatB. ThatC. The factD. The matter7. _ is a fact that English is accepted as an international language. A. ThereB. ThisC. ThatD. It8. _we cant get seems better than _ we have. A. What; whatB. What; thatC. That; thatD. That; what9. _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. IfB. WhetherC. ThatD. Where10. _ caused the accident is still a complete mystery. A. WhatB. ThatC. HowD. Where第二课时第一部分 知识回顾1.英语5种简单句子结构2.主语概要3.主语从句1）连接词that和形式主语it的几种句型2）连接词wh-疑问词和形式主语it3）连接词whatever代表的带-ever词4.知识点比较1）whether,if2）that, whether, 其它wh-连接词3）疑问代词/副词表指代，what重难点4）whatever等在名词性从句或状语从句中处理上次课后作业：教师以提示方法的方式启发学生，学生自己对作业中的疑问和错误进行分析改正第二部分 主语从句难点突破一对what的理解对what的重点理解： 表示所的事,相当于the thing that.; all that.; everything that.等。1.What he wanted to see was an end to all the armies of the world . 2.What we cant get seems better than what we have. 3.What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality. 表示的人,相当于the person that.。1.He is not what he was a few years ago. 2.Who is it that has made Fred what he is now? 表示的地方,相当于the place that.。1.This is what they call Salt Lake City 2.What is now the North Sahara Desert was once a civilized world. 相当于the time that,表示的时间。 1. After what seemed a very long time, I opened my eyes and found myself in bed ! 2. The young girl was too frightened to speak, standing there for what seemed like hours. 表示的数目,相当于the amount / number that.。 1.Our income is now double what it was ten years ago. 2.The number of the students in our school has reached as many as 20,000, ten times what it was before liberation. what的这种特殊含义可以根据句子的意思灵活处理,不可千篇一律。 1. Shenzhen is no longer what it was in the past. (what=the city that) 2. The color of the flower is different from what it was in the morning.对what的难点理解：（难度梯度递进）1.基本认识What he said was reasonable. What we need is a book/are good doctors.2.稍稍复杂What he is thinking is unknown.What he was doing/had done was right.What surprised me most was that the little girl could play the violin so well.3.考试难点What we called computer was invented 50 years ago.What was called computer was invented 50 years ago.What seemed like 3 years was indeed 3 days.4.应用扩展It is different from what it used to be.The village was different from what it is now.5. 难以言表We finally reached what was called wasteland.We finally reached what was wasteland.二主语从句和其它句式主语从句和定语从句what=the thing that; whatever = anything that;whoever = anyone who; whichever=anything which;Whenever=the time when; wherever=the place where。What he said was right.The thing( that he said) was right.Whatever he said was right.Anything( that he said) was right.Whoever wants it may have it.Anyone (who wants it) may have it.Whichever he likes will be given him.Anything( which he likes) will be given him.Wherever you are will not affect my love for you.The place where you are will not affect my love for you.Whenever you are ready will be fine.The time when you are ready will be fine.it作形式主语代替主语从句时，要注意和as引导的定语从句的区别。试比较：It was reported that the US was under the terrorist attack.（主语从句，有that，无逗号）As was reported, the US was under the terrorist attack. （定语从句，无that，有逗号）主语从句与强调句的区别1. 在强调句中，可以去掉It was .that还像个句子。主语从句中不行。2. 主语从句引导词：what, who, whom, whose, which, whatever, whoever, whichever强调句的引导词只有：that, who。主语从句：It was strange that he had made a mistake. It is unimportant where or when he goes. It is said/reported that hes got married. 强调句：It was she that had been wrong. It was this novel that they talked about last night. It was in London that I first saw her. 三主语从句涉及的虚拟知识1. 用于 It is important / natural / necessary / impossible that.句型中, 主语从句应使用虚拟语气, 用“should + 动词原形”的形式, should有时可以省略。It is important that we (should) learn a foreign language.That they (should) respect each other is natural.2 . 在 It + be + suggested/advised/ordered/requested/ insisted/required 中, that从句的谓语也应该用“should + 动词原形”的形式, should有时可以省略。The suggestion that the students (should) have plenty of exercise .It is ordered we (should) leave at once.第三部分 认识其它的名词从句翻译以下句子，并指出带下划线的从句属于名词性从句中的哪一种。1.What he wants is a book.2.It is strange that you should like him.3.Im so glad that I can make friends with you.4.This is why he did it.5.That he wants a book is certain.6.I suggested just now we (should) take part in this competition.7.Whether you like him or not doesnt matter too much.8.He doesnt know whether you can sing it well.9.The problem is whether you can sing it well.10.Please tell me who your monitor is. 第四部分 佳作赏析 主语从句在写作中：赏析下面的作文，学习主语从句的应用Dawns WorriesDear Janet, What I want to say is something about my son Jason. That he spends too much time playing computer games worries me. When he became crazy about games is a mystery. Where he plays games is uncertain. Maybe at net bars. Who offers him money is unknown. Why he does so puzzles me. How he can give it up is a problem. Whether he will give it up or not is not known. What he needs right now is some good advice. Whatever helps him get rid of the bad habit will be highly appreciated. It is certain that Jason listens to you. So Id be very grateful if you could offer me some advice. Yours, Dawn 第五部分 学习测试见学生活动习题第六部分 课后作业（本意是另附一页，鉴于篇幅附于此）1. _ puzzles the scientists how these creatures can survive in such severe conditions. A. WhatB. AsC. ThatD. It2. We sell handmade gifts. _gift you order from us is unique for the special person! A. WhichB. ThatC. WhicheverD. What3. _ we need more practice is quite clear. A. When B. What C. That D. /4. _ I accept the gift or refuse it is none of your business.A. If B. Whether C. Even if D. No matter when5. _ that she has received a doctors degree.A. Its a splendid news B. This is a splendid newsC. Its splendid news D. This is splendid news 6. When and why he came here _ yet.A. is not known B. are not known C. has not known D. have not been known7. It is recommended that the project _ until all the preparations have been made. A.is not started B. not be started C. will not be started D. is not to be started 8._ we go swimming every day _ us a lot of good. A. If.do B.What.do C. If.does D. That.does9._you come or not is up to you. A. No matter B. If C. Why D. Whether10. It is well known _ a person eats causes changes in the body. A. that what B. that C. what D. How11. Jack was soon told _ he did was not necessary. A. why B. that C. how D. why what12. Can you point out _ two radios are the best? A. which B. what C. that D. whether 13. _ you have seen things like these before doesnt matter. A. If B. Whether C. What D. When14. It is strange _.A. that no one should like this bookB. that no one liked this bookC. that why no one likes this book D. why no one likes this book15. _ breaks the law should be punished. A.Whomever B. Who C. Anyone who D. Whatever英语简单句常见的五种结构 练习1:根据教师所给结构和例句，模仿造句汉译英：这个小孩笑了。他们生产电脑。这个想法让我激动。Jim教我们英语。这个故事有趣。英语简单句常见的五种结构 练习2:根据教师所给结构和例句，学生自己造出类似结构的句子英语简单句常见的五种结构 练习3:划出下面句子结构Nobody went.She became a doctor.The car caught fire.I will write you a long letter.I will let him go. 主语概要 练习1:自主选择用以下单词作主语造句uncle, friend, horse, whale, house, idea； both, everybody, that, some, who, few；three, first, two-thirds, percent, quarter；the dying, the old, the broken.主语概要 练习2：划出下面句子的主语A foreign language is a weapon in the struggle of life. Who is speaking, please? This is Jack speaking. Two will be enough. Smoking is very dangerous. To see is to believe. To do todays homework without the teachers help is very difficult. “A” is an article.The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.主语概要 练习3：翻译句子：好好休息一下是我的想法。明天植树是不可能的。去那里要花掉我们两个小时。为这些事担心没用。处理这些问题是我的责任。 that引导 练习：划出下列各句子的中心谓语并用形式主语 it 表达下面句子：That he will refuse this piece of advice is impossible.That they should like each other is natural.That light travels in straight lines is known to all.That we need more equipment is quite obvious. It引导练习：填空*_(很遗憾)we lost the match.*_(这是事实)he cheated in the exam.*_(很可能)she will come back tomorrow.*_(很明显)this measure is effective.*_(刚好)I came into the office at that time.*_(我突然想起)I forget to sent the letter.*_(据报道)20 people were killed in the accident. *_(据建议)we should eat more vegetable and do more exercise.*_(没关系)who will use the room first.*_(没区别)whether they come or not today.归纳总结学生整理一下：A.It+be+形容词+that从句。B.It+be+名词词组+that从句。C.It+be+过去分词+that从句。D.It+seem,happen等+that从句。E.It+doesntmatter(makesnodifference,etc.)+连接代词/连接副词的主语从句。疑问代词疑问副词引导 练习：用 what, whether, where, when,who, why, how or that.完成句子。1.(_ is needed for success) is your hard work.2.(_ they will arrive )has been told to the teacher.3.(_ we will go tomorrow )hasnt been decided yet.4.(_can join in the sport meet) is decided by the teacher5.(_ it will rain or not) is not clear.引导学生观察谓语，得出结论：主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。认识whatever 练习：完成句子：1. 你需要的是更多的经验。_ is more experience.2. 谁最先到将得到奖品。_ will receive a prize.3. 我所有的东西请随便使用。 _ is at your service.4. 不管他写什么都没关系。_ doesnt matter.5. 这里讨论任何事都应当保密。_ must be kept a secret.归纳总结学生小结：主语从句的引导词1. that 引导2. wh- 疑问代词/副词引导3. 带-ever的疑问代词引导知识点比较练习：辨别whether, if1. _we can solve this problem remains unknown. 2. _ this material can be used in our factory has not been decided yet. 3. _people who choose red on the test are energetic or not has been studied by a Swiss psychologist. 4. _ or not peoples pulse rates decrease when they see blue has aroused interest. 5._ students need to go to school tomorrow will be announced on the radio.练习：that, whether等比较练习1. _he spends too much time playing computer games worries me. 2. _he spends too much time playing computer games is not known yet. 3. _he will give it up or not is not known.4. _he gave it up made us surprised.选填合适词when,where,how,which,what1._she is from is unknown.2._the soldier escaped from the prison remains a secret.whatever类词语考点训练练习：1.What do you want to do next? We have half an hour until the basketball game. Its up to you. _ you want to do is fine with me. A. Whatever B. However C. Whichever D. Whoever2. _ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. A. No matter what B. No matter which C. Whatever D. whichever3. _ rich one may be there is always something one wants. A. Whatever B. Whenever C. HoweverD. Wherever4._ you choose to live there are always going to be disadvantages. A. Whenever B. Wherever C. HoweverD. Whatever5. Can _ leaves last please lock up? A. whoeverB. wheneverC. whateverD. whichever6._ player scores the highest number of points will be the winner.A. Whatever B. WhicheverC. HoweverD. Whenever7. “What shall we do tonight then?” “Its up to you_ you want.” A. howeverB. wheneverC. whateverD. whomever8. _ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.A. WhatB. WhoC. WhateverD. Whoever9. In peace, too, the Red Cross is expected to send help _ there is hu