副词和形容词都有比较级.doc

副词和形容词都有比较级、最高级，分别在该词之后加er、est，但需要注意以下几点： 1 e结尾，则只需要加r、st，如large的比较级和最高级分别是larger，largest。 2 重读音节中有一元音紧接一辅音结尾，则在变比较级最高级前要双写最后的辅音，如：big-bigger-biggest。 3 该词以y结尾，y之前是辅音，则先把y改为i再加er、est，如busy-busier-busiest通常比较级用于二者之间的比较，该词后用上than，如Tom is taller than me. 4 三个音节或以上的副词形容词的比较级最高级则要在词前加more、the most，如beautiful-more beautiful-the most beautiful This box is bigger than that one.也可以通过两个句子陈述作比较但无须用than,如Im tall, but Tom is taller. 而用上最高级的句子无论讲述人或物件数量均在三个或以上,如Im tall.Tom is taller.Jim is the tallest. That book is the most expensive in our bookshop. smaller的原级和最高级:small,smallest greenest的原级和比较级:green,greener red的比较级和最高级 :redder,reddest bluer的原级和最高级 :blue,bluest youngest的原级和比较级 :young,younger old的比较级和最高级 :older,oldest better的原级和最高级 :good,best worst的原级和比较级 :bad,worse less的原级和最高级 :little,least few的比较级和最高级:fewer,fewest well的比较级和最高级 :better,best badly的比较级和最高级:more badly,most badly most的原级和比较级 :many,more much的比较级和最高级 :more,most heavier的原级和最高级 :heavy,heaviest farthest的原级和比较级 :far,farther or further early的比较级和最高级 :earlier,earliestsooner的原级和最高级 :soon,soonesthappiest的原级和比较级 :happy,happier beautiful的比较级和最高级:more beautiful,the most beautiful原级pretty比较级 prettier最高级prettiest 原级noisy比较级noiser最高级noisest 原级safe 比较级safer 最高级safest 原级excited 比较级more excited最高级most excited 原级widely比较级more widely最高级 most widely 原级strange比较级stranger最高级strangest or more strange, most strange 原级terrible比较级more terrible最高级 most terrible 原级funny比较级funnier最高级funniest 原级exciting比较级more exciting最高级most exciting形容词、副词的比较级的用法既是该类语法的重点也是难点。研读历届高考题不难发现，高考对形容词和副词比较级的用法的考查涉及到了多个方面。为了便于同学们学习，下面笔者就其用法的一些重要结构作一归纳并附以练习，以期同学们对此能熟练掌握。 1.“as+adj/adv+as或not so(as)+adj/adv+as.”句型。该句型常用来描述两个比较对象的程度上的相似或不同(即平时说的“等级比较和不等级比较”)。例如： My computer is not so(as) expensive as yours.我的电脑不如你的贵重。 2.“as many/few+可数名词复数+as”或“as much/little(少的)+不可数名词+as”。前者描述数目上的接近，后者描述量的相近。例如： You may borrow as many books as you can.你能借多少书就借多少。 “Drink as much water as you can.”the doctor said to him.医生对他说到：“你要尽可能的多喝些水。” 3.“主语+比较级+than any other”结构表示：主语所描述的事物比其他任何一个都比较级形式表示最高级含义。例如： Li Ming is much cleverer than any other student in their class.李明是他们班中最聪明的学生。 注意：若比较范围不同，than后应用“any+可数名词的复数形式+其他”。例如： China is larger that any countries in Africa.中国比非洲上的任何国家都大。 4.诸如not,never之类的否定词与形容词或副词的比较级连用，表示最高级含义。意为：再没有比更的了。例如： It is not a better idea.这是再好不过的一个办法了。 I have never heard such an interesting story.我从来没有听过比这更有趣的故事了。 5.“形容词+to”结构也可表示比较含义。例如： This kind of car is superior in quality to that.这种汽车的质量比那一种好得多(superior to意为：优于；胜过。) Li ping is three years senior to Liu Gang.李平比刘刚大三岁。(senior to意为：年长于；资格老于；地位高于。) 6.“no+比较级+than”结构表示对两个比较对象都进行否定(可由neithernor结构来改写)。例如： Im no more foolish than you.我们俩都不傻。(相当于Neither I nor you is foolish.) 7.“not more+比较级+than”结构表示在程度上前者不如后者。例如： This book is not more interesting than that one.这本书不如那本书有趣。(相当于The book is less interesting than that one.) 8.“形容词比较级+than+形容词”，意为：与其倒不如。例如： Jack is much harder than clever.与其说杰克聪明，倒不如说他学习用功。 9.would ratherthan, preferto, prefer to dorather than这三个句型表示“宁愿而不愿；喜欢胜过；宁愿做而不愿做”含义。虽无比较级形式，但表示比较级含义。例如： She would rather die than give in.她宁死不屈。 He preferred to go out rather than stay home.他宁愿出去也不愿呆在家里。 10.“The+比较级，the+比较级”。该结构意为“越，越”。例如： The more difficult the questions are, the less likely he is able to answer them.问题越难，他回答出来的可能性就越小。 11.what有时也可以表示“比较”关系，说明两种事物的相同或相似性。what的该种用法常用于书面语，用来加强修辞效果，含有比喻含义，相当于as，意为“好比；正如；就像一样”。what的该类用法共有3种情况： (1)A is to B what C is to D Twelve is two what twenty-four is to four.十二比二就等于二十四比四。 (2)what C is to D, A is to B What food is to the body, a book is to the mind.书籍对于思想犹如食物对于身体。 (3)what C is to D, that A is to B What the gun is to a soldier, that the pen is to a writer.作家的笔犹如战士的枪。 巩固练习请选出符合题意的最佳选项。 1.How beautiful she sings! I have never heard_.(NMET96) A.the better voice B. a good voice C. the better voice D. a better voice 2.-Wait until we get a satisfactory reply, will you? -I couldnt agree _.The idea is great to me.(2000年北京、安徽、内蒙古春季高考题) A.much B. more C. worse D. at all 3.The_you study, the _youll be in it.(MET90) A.hard; interested B. harder; interesting C. harder; more interested D. hardest; more interested 4.As far as I am concerned, education is about learning and the more you lean,_(2002上海) A. the more for life are you equipped B.the more equipped for life you are C.the more life you are equipped for D.you are equipped the more for life 5.The patient isnt out of danger. He is _ than he was yesterday.(96上海题) A.no better B. worst C. not worse D. not more 6.Liu Fang studies much better than _ student in his class. A.any B. any other C. the other D. other 7.This year the farmers have produced twice _ grain_ they did last year.(NMET95) A.As less; as B. fewer; than C. as much; as D. as many; as 8.In recent years travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the farther we go, _(2001上海) A.our holiday will be better B. our holiday will be better C. the better our holiday will be D. the better will our holiday be 9.-Are you satisfied with his answer? -Not at all. It couldnt have been_. A.Any better B. worse C. as good D. bad 10. Is the novel similar _ you? A.for B. at C. as D. to 11. Rather than _ to see the film he would prefer _ stayed at home. A.go; to B. to go C. went; to D. would go 12.-What was his performance like? -Oh, it couldnt have been_(96上海题) A.much wonderful B. more wonderful C. less wonderful D. the most wonderful 13. John plays football_, if not better than David.(NMET