中考英语语法荟萃.doc

中考英语语法荟萃！中高考英语语法是语法中的基础，许多语法点在高考中仍有体现！一、名词在近几年的中考试题中，每年都有对名词的考查。名词的考点主要涉及词义理解、辨析、复数形式的构成、可数不可数的判断、不可数名词的容量表示法以及名词所有格等方面。例题：25British people eat_a lot, and they are usually cooked in different ways.（2008） Achicken Bbeef Cfish Dpotatoes解析 D考查对名词可数不可数的辨别能力，以及可数名词的复数形式。根据面的they（代指前面提到的食物） are usually cooked in different ways可知，此处的食物应为可数名词的复数形式。19. I dont know the_to the science museum. What shall I do?（09） A map is helpful, I think. A. price B. way C. time D. place解析 B 考查对词义的理解及应用。the way to去（某个地方）的路二、冠词冠词虽少，只有a，an（不定冠词）和the（定冠词）三个，却是各地中考常考语言点之一。青岛中考在08，09年都没有考查冠词，这是一个很值得关注的现象，很有可能会在2010年的中考题中出现对冠词的考查。冠词的考查重点包括不定冠词a和an的用法及辨析，定冠词the的用法和零冠词的用法等。其中，不定冠词与定冠词的用法区别以及在具体语言环境中冠词的应用是各地中考试题考查的热点，也是今后的考查方向。三、数词数词包括基数词和序数词两种。数词在近几年中考单选题中每年都有一道考题。考查的内容主要是基数词与序数词的应用、hundred、thousand、million与具体数字连用及与of搭配构成短语时的用法。21Basketball is so popular a game in the world that_people play it for fun and exercise.（2008）Amillion of Bmillions of Cmillions Dtwo millions of解析 B 考查数词短语的用法。同类短语有hundreds of，thousands of，millions of。20. Would you please pass me _ book on the right?（2009）A. the third B. the three C. three D. third解析 A 考查序数词的用法。注意序数词前通常加the。四、代词代词是中考常考点之一。代词主要包括人称代词、物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词、不定代词等。从历年中考命题趋势看，考试范围多集中在以下几个方面：人称代词、名词性物物主代词和形容词性物主代词的用法与区别，及常见不定代词如some，any，both，either，neither，other，another，others的辨析。 it、one、that等的辨析也是常考内容。例题：解析 C 考查不定代词的用法。either表示两者当中作何一个。18I have got many collections of snow globes. You may take _if you like.（08） Aeither Bone Cit Dnone解析 B 考查代词one的用法。34Great changes have taken place in China. Who can tell_it would be like in _ five years.（08） Ahow ,other Bwhat ,more Chow ,another Dwhat ,another解析 D 考查宾语从句及不定代词的用法。what it would be like将会是什么样子；another与数词连用时，需放在数词前，more与数词连用时，则置于数词后，如：another three days=three more days。18. Dont worry about your broken pen. You can use _.（2009） A. my B. mine C. yours D. myself解析B 考查名词性物主代词用法。32. A latest football magazine, please!（2009） Only one copy left. Would you like to take _, sir? A. one B. it C. this D. them解析B 考查人称代词it的用法。五、形容词和副词形容词和副词是一个很重要的考点。在近几年的单选试题中每年都有两道题考查它们的用法。考点主要集中在：词义的辨析、原级、比较级和最高级以及由它们所构成的常见句型中，如“(not) asas”、“the more，the more.”、“比较级 + and + 比较级”、“one of the + 最高级 + 可数名词复数形式”和倍数表达法，及much等修饰比较级的用法。例题：28The more you read, _you will get.（2008） Athe less Bthe most Cthe more Dmuch more解析C 考查“The more，the more”句型，表示“越，就越”。33Speak_, please ,because I cant hear a word from the back.（2008） Well, its_enough. Aloudly ,loudly Blouder, loud Cloud, louder Dloud, too loud解析 B 考查形容词的用法。原级和比较级的运用。24. Would you like to go out for a walk?（2009） Sure, the TV programs are too_. A. surprising B. interesting C. exciting D. boring解析 D 考查形容词的词义辨析。boring31. Either of them can take this job, but I wonder who does everything_.（2009） A. the most careful B. more careful C. most carefully D. more carefully解析 D 考查副词的比较级。more carefully六、动词动词是考试中出现频率最高的词汇，因为动词和时态及语态紧密相关。动词考点主要集中在时态和语态、常见实用动词的用法、易混动词（短语）的辨析、情态动词、系动词的用法等。除单选题外，综合填空也主要是对动词时态和语态的考查。17What delicious cakes!(2008) They would taste _with butter. Agood Bbetter Cbad Dworse解析 B 考查taste作系动词及比较级的应用。20Will you answer the telephone? It_be your mother.（2008） Sorry, I . Im busy. Acan, mustnt Bwill ,cant Cmay, cant Dneed ,will解析考查情态动词may，can的用法。在本题中may表示猜测，can表示能够。23Lots of people in our city_the old and the disabled . They usually offer their seats to them on buses or help them cross the road.（2008） Acare for Btake care Cagree with Dtake pride in解析 A 考查动词短语。care for关心；喜欢26Im sorry you_the wonderful football game. It was just over.（2008） Ahave lost Bhave missed Care missing Dwill lose解析 B 考查动词时态、词义辨析。miss在本句中表示“错过”。29Whats the matter?（2008） I am having trouble_who has taken my book. Afinding Blooking for Cfinding out Dlooking up29. C 考查have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.的用法，及look与find的辨析。31We have to_our school sports meeting because of the bad weather.（2008） Ahold Bput off Cput down Dattend解析 B 考查动词辨析。put off推迟21. Is the woman in white our manager? （2009） It _be her. She has just left for Shanghai. A. must B. may C. cant D. couldnt解析 C 考查can表示猜测的用法。can通常用于否定句或疑问句中，表示比较有比握的猜测；must则用于肯定句中。22. Where is John?（2009） He has gone to the library. He _there for an hour. A. has gone B. has been C. went D. goes解析 B 考查has gone与has been的区别。25. You always spend only a little time on your study. You really_me down.（2009） Im sorry, Mum. I wont do that again. A. take B. put C. let D. look解析 C 考查对动词短语的辨析。let down让某人失望26. I _ the film with you because I have seen it twice.（2009） A. will see B. wont see C. saw D. didnt see解析 B 考查动词的时态在情景中的运用。一般将来时27. Dont the people in trouble. Try to help them.（2009） A. hear of B. go over C. laugh at D. look like解析 C 考查动词短语。laugh at嘲笑28. Ive _all the photos, but I still cant find the one you need.(2009) A. opened up B. set up C. cared for D. looked through解析 D 考查动词短语。look through查找29. Chen Hui _computer games, but now he gives them up and concentrates on study. (2009) A. is used to playing B. is used to play C. used to play D. is used for playing解析 C 考查used to和be used to doing的差异；used to 过去常常33. My cousin has been happy since he _to spend more time with his friends. （2009） A. will allow B. will be allowed C. allowed D. was allowed解析 D 考查动词的时态和语态。一般过去时的被动语态。七、介词介词也是中考必备词汇之一。介词的考查主要涉及以下几个方面：常用表示时间和地点的介词，含介词的固定搭配及句型，近似介词的辨析，如between和among、besides和except等的区别。19Its very kind_them to pick me up at the railway station and drive me home.（2008） Afor Bto Cof Dwith解析C 考查句型Its +adj. +for/of sb. to do sth.。当形容词为表示人的性格品质的词，如kind, nice, clever, foolish等时，用of引导不定式的逻辑主语。30. What is your hobby? （2009）_collecting balls, I also like different kinds of CDs. A. Besides B. Except C. Beside D. About解析 C 考查介词besides和except的差异。besides除外还有八、非谓语动词非谓语动词是中考中的一项重点考查内容。考察热点主要集中在不定式作定语、不定式中to的省略、“(w)h+不定式结构”及动词后接不定式和接动名词的差异等。除单选外，在综合填空题中，非谓动词也是常见考点。27The Shutes havent decided _to go there for a field trip this weekend.（2008） Ahow Bwhy Cwhere Dwhat解析 A 考查“(w)h-+to do”结构。27The Shutes havent decided_to go there for a field trip this weekend.（2008） Ahow Bwhy Cwhere Dwhat解析 A 考查“(w)h-+to do”结构。九、句型之一：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句根据使用目的，句子可以分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句四大类。其中陈述句又分为肯定陈述句和否定陈述句，疑问句又分为一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句和反意疑问句，祈使句有肯定和否定两种形式，感叹句有what和how引导两种结构。其中感叹句和反意疑问句是考查热点。十、句型之二： 简单句、并列句和复合句根据句子结构，句子又可分可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。其中复合句又包括宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句等。从近几年的考题看，中考考查热点多集中在：并列连词（and、or、but等）和从属连词（if、when、unless、until等）的选择，宾语从句的语序和时态，时间状语从句和条件状语从句的时态问题等。定语从句尚未考查过，简单定语从句中关系代词或副词的选用是值的关注的一个语言点。22More and more people have realized we wont have cleaner water to drink unless something _soon.（2008） Awas done Bwill be done Cto be done Dis done解析 D 考查（unless引导的）条件状语从句中一般现在时代替将来时的用法。24Hold on to your dream _one day they may just come true.（2008） Aand Bbut Cso Dor解析 A 考查“祈使句(,) and +一般（将来）时态的句子”=“If从句，主句”。本句即相当于：If you hold on to your dream, one day they may just come true.32What a surprise it is that youve hiked on Mount Tai!（2008） I didnt believe I could do it_I got to the top. Aunless Bafter Cuntil Das解析 C 考查连词until的用法。35. The sports meeting wont be put off _it rains heavily.（2009） A. if B. since C. as soon as D. unless解析 D 考查unless引导的条件状语从句。35What would some students like to do after finishing their education?（2008） They would like to start to work_they neednt depend on their parents completely. Aas soon as Bso that Cbefore Dwhile解析 B 考查so that引导的目的状语从句。34. The reporter will tell us_he saw and heard in Japan. (2009) A. what B. that C. why