动词不定式和动名词.doc

动名词和不定式一、动词不定式（两个动词之间用“to”连接）构成：肯定式 to动词原形 否定式 not to do用法：1做主语 To learn a foreign language is not easy . = Its not easy to learn a foreign language .2做宾语 They all wanted to see you yesterday.3做宾语补足语 He wants you to call him back.4做定语 I want to go to the shop to buy something .5做状语 They ran over to welcome us.6. 做表语 My job is to teach him English.A 动词后面to，常用的词有： 想乐意want / would like to do 叫（告诉）某人 ask / tell (told ) sb (not ) to do 开始 begin( began ) / start to do 决定 decide to do 设法 try to do 记得（忘记） remember / forget (forgot ) to do 希望 wish/hope to do 计划 plan to do 拒绝 refuse to doEg. I would like to help you . He asked us not to talk in class. I hope to see you again . Dont forget to bring your book here.B 特殊疑问词+ to do ( why 除外) eg. I dont know where to go Can you tell me how to do it = what to do We dont know which book to choose . Ex: 1 Do you know _.A. what will we do B. what to do C. how to do2 I am not sure _.A. when leave B. when to leave C. when leaving3He cant decide _.A. which one to buy B. which to buy one C. which buy one4 _ skating ? A. Why not go B. Why dont go C. Why not to go二 动名词（动词的 ing 形式，常用在动词或介词后面，做宾语）肯定结构 do+ing 否定结构 not + doing常用词有： 1. enjoy / like/love + doing sth (喜欢) 2. feel like + doing sth (想要) 3. keep + doing sth （保持） 4. hate + doing sth （讨厌） 5. mind + doing sth （介意） 6. consider + doing sth（考虑） 7, suggest + doing sth (建议) 8. spend time + doing sth（花时间） 9. finish + doing sth （完成） 10. practise + doing sth（练习） 11. cant help + doing sth（禁不住）12. be busy + doing sth （忙于） 13. be worth + doing sth （值得） 14. have fun + doing sth （玩得开心） 15. have problem + doing sth（有困难）注意：所有的介词 （in , at , for , of , from , up , about , to ,without）后+ doing 下列几个词组的“to”为介词 1. be used to doing 习惯于做某事 2. prefer doing to doing 宁愿而不愿 3. look forward to doing 盼望着做某事 4. pay attention to doing 注意做某事 5. make a contribution to doing 为做贡献三. 动词+动词原形有些动词后面只能跟动词原形。常用词有： 1. had better (not ) do sth 最好（不）做某事 2. let sb do sth 让某人做某事 3. make sb do sth 使某人做某事 4. would rather do sth than do sth 宁愿而不愿 5. prefer to do rather than do sth 宁愿而不愿 6. would you please（not）do sth？请你（不）好吗？Eg : You had better study hard . Tom always made us laugh. Please let him go with us. Why not play football with us ? = Why dont you play football with us ?注意：助动词（do， does，did ，will ， shall） 和情态动词（can ， must， may，should ，need ） + 动词原形有些动词后接不定式或名词时，意义差别较大 1）stop doing sth 记得作过某事（某事已做过） stop to so sth记住去做某事（某事还没做） 2）forget doing sth 忘了作过某事（某事已做过） forget to do sth 忘了去做某事（某事还没做） 3）try to do sth 尽力去做某事 t