初二第二周教案.doc

学府教育 2014年春季班学府教育 2014年春季班八年级英语（二） 姓名： 日期：2014- 3-8教学目标：1、使学生能够基本掌握unit2中的基础词汇和词性转换以及重要的词组；2、帮助学生梳理课文中的一些语法点，掌握一些常用的句型结构，并且会做一些基础的单选题和词性转换题。教学难点：重点词组的辨析与掌握Tomorrow land 明日世界Adventure land 探险世界Fantasyland幻想世界Welcome to Hong Kong Disneyland!Main Street USA 美国小镇大街 Lion Kings show一、词汇Words1.harm n.伤害【解析】harm作不可数名词，意为“伤害”。do harm to sb. / sth. 表示“对造成伤害”。harm也可作动词，意为“伤害；损害”。如：Reading in bed will do harm to your eyes. 躺在床上看书对你的眼睛有害。Hot water will harm the plants. 热水会伤害植物。harm的形容词形式为harmful (有害的)，其反义词是harmless (无害的)，可构成短语be harmful / harmless to sb. / sth. (对有害 / 无害)。如：Fruit juices can be harmful to childrens teeth. 果汁可能损坏儿童的牙齿。These insects are harmless to the crops. 这些昆虫对农作物无害。典例讲解【练一练】根据提示，完成下列各题。 Too much rain is _ to crops. A. harmB. harmless C. harmfulD. harmfully 吸烟对你的健康危害很大。 Smoking _ great _ _ your health.答案： C does; harm to 批注：讲解这个知识点的时候，除了要让学生知道harm的用法do harm to sb. / sth. 表示“对造成伤害”以外，还要知道harm的两个形容词：harmful和harmless.2.experience n.经历【解析】experience作可数名词，意思是“经历”；作不可数名词，意思是“经验”。如：Our journey by camel was quite a fantastic experience. 我们骑骆驼旅行是一次非常奇妙的经历。He wrote his book from his own experiences. 他以个人经历写成了这本书。Have you had any experience in teaching English? 你有教英语的经验吗？experience还可作动词，意为“经历；体验”等。如：The Red Army experienced all kinds of difficulties. 红军经历了各种困难。We have all experienced what hardships mean. 我们都亲身体验过艰苦二字的意义。典例讲解【练一练】根据汉语提示，完成句子。 对他来说，这次地震是一次非常难忘的经历。 The earthquake is quite _ _ _ for him. 我从没经历过在雨中漫步。 I _ never _ _ walking in the rain.答案： an unforgettable experience have; experienced of批注：这个单词作为名词既可以表示可数名词，也可以表示不可数名词，学生比较容易混淆，所以在一开始讲解的时候就要提醒注意experience在句子中的具体意思来判定是否可数。3.programme n.节目；（演出或活动）程序【解析】programme可用作名词或动词。用作名词时，意为“节目；(演出或活动)程序；计划”等。如：Did you see that programme about India last night? 昨晚你看了关于印度的那个节目了吗？What is your programme for today? 今天你有些什么计划？典例讲解【练一练】根据汉语提示，完成句子。今晚电视上会有一个有趣的节目。There will be _ _ _ on the television tonight.答案：an interesting programme批注：这个单词的用法相对比较简单，但是要提醒学生拼写的时候注意单词里面有两个“m”。4.abroad adv.在国外，到国外【解析】abroad常作副词，放在动词的后面，意为“到国外，在国外”。at home and abroad表示“在国内外”。如：Are you going abroad for your holiday? 你打算去国外度假吗？My uncle has been living abroad for more than ten years. 我的叔叔在国外住了十几年了。The Chinese Kung Fu is popular both at home and abroad. 中国功夫在国内外都很流行。abroad还可作名词，意为“异国；海外”，多与介词from连用。如：They have just returned from abroad. 他们刚从国外回来。典例讲解【练一练】根据汉语提示，完成句子。玛丽下个月将要出国留学。Mary will _ _ next month.答案：study abroad批注：这个单词的用法比较简单，常跟“go”在一起用，但是要提醒学生注意拼写，容易和“board（木板）”混淆。5. check vt.核实，查明【解析】check作动词，意为“核实，查明”。check in表示“(在旅馆、机场等) 登记；报到”；check out表示“结账离开”；check up on表示“查证，核实”。如：Please check it and sign here. 请核对一下，在这里签个字。You must check in an hour before the plane leaves. 你必须在飞机起飞前一小时办理登机手续。Guests should check out of their rooms by noon. 客人必须在中午以前办理退房手续。I need to check up on a few things before I decide. 在做决定前，我得核实几件事情。check也可作名词，意思是“检查”。如：Could you give the tyres a check? 你能检查一下轮胎吗？典例讲解【练一练】根据提示，完成句子。 After enjoying the delicious dinner, we _ from the restaurant. A. checked in B. checked out C. check up on D. have checked out 我已经核对了你的答案，全部正确。 I _ _ your answers and all of them are correct.答案： B have checked批注：帮助学生总结一下与“check”有关的短语，让学生集中记忆，在考试中经常会出现类似的短语辨析。6. for example / such as【辨析】从结构上看，for example与后面常用逗号隔开，而such as则不用。从用法上看，for example是举例说明，所举的例子一般是同类人或物中的“一个”，作为插入语，也可以是句子。而such as中由于as是介词，后面接名词或名词性短语，往往是同类人或物中的几个。从位置上来说，for example的位置较灵活，可位于句首、句中或句末。而such as只能位于名词或名词性短语的前面。如：For example, twice two is equal to four. 例如，二加二等于四。Many great people, for example, Lincoln, have risen from poverty.= Many great people have risen from poverty, Lincoln, for example. 许多伟人从贫苦中崛起，如林肯。Sally likes fruits very much, such as apples, oranges and strawberries. 萨莉非常喜欢水果，例如苹果、橘子和草莓。典例讲解【练一练】用for example或such as填空。 I like most ball games, _ football, basketball, volleyball, and so on. Noise, _, is a kind of pollution.答案： such as for example批注：这两个短语的意思基本上一样，主要让学生掌握一下，这两个短语在句子中的不同位置，并且从结构上看，for example与后面常用逗号隔开，for example一般只举同类人或物中的一个为例；而such as一般用来列举同类人或物中的几个例子，有时候还会把这两个词与like进行区分，7.exciting / excited / excitement【辨析】三个词都是由动词excite派生出来的。excited和exciting是形容词，前者意为“激动的，兴奋的”，一般用人作主语，后者意为“使人激动的，令人兴奋的”，一般以物作主语。excitement为名词，意为“激动，兴奋”。如：The children were excited about visiting the Science Museum. 参观科技博物馆使孩子们很激动。It is the most exciting football match that I have ever watched. 它是我曾经看过的最使人激动的足球比赛。The old man told us about his past with excitement. 那个老人激动地告诉我们关于他的过去。典例讲解【练一练】用excited, exciting或excitement填空。 How _ it is to enjoy the beautiful view of the country! The good news brought us great _. The _ people cheered up when the stars appeared on the stage(舞台).答案： exciting excitement excited 批注：这三个词都是excite派生出来的，首先从词性上面判断，前两个是形容词，前者主语多为物，后者主语多为人。让学生回顾一下跟这类似的词语。而 excitement则是以“ment”结尾的名词，可以帮助学生一起回忆一起一下名词的后缀有哪些。8. mean / meaning / meaningful / meaningless【辨析】mean是动词，意为“意味着；意思是”，常在句中作谓语；meaning是名词，意为“意义；意思”，常在句中作宾语或表语；meaningful是形容词，意为“有意义的”，常在句中作定语和表语；meaningless也是形容词，意为“无意义的”，与meaningful互为反义词，常在句中作定语和表语。如：What does the word mean? 这个词是什么意思？I dont understand the meaning of that paragraph. 我不能理解那段话的意思。Reading the story to the baby is meaningful, though the story itself is meaningless. 虽然这个故事本身没什么意义，但给婴儿读这个故事是有意义的。典例讲解【练一练】用mean的正确形式完成句子。 What is the _ of this word? Do you _ that you are interested in Maths? Copying(抄) these words is _. Lets stop doing it. I think the article is very _, and Im fond of it.答案： meaning mean meaningless meaningful批注：这四词的区分首先应该从词性上看，第一个是动词，第二个是名词，这两个词在句型转换中会以“同义句”转换的形式出现，分别用在不懂的句型结构中。而后两个分别是以词缀“-ful”和“less”结尾的形容词。二、重要句型Important Sentences structures（一）1.- Where are you going? 你要去哪儿？ - Im going on a trip to South Hill. 我要去南山旅游。 知识点一：现在进行时表示将来 指点迷津 这两句都表示将要做某事，一般用将来时态，但因为句中的动词是go，所以可用现在进行时表示将来的概念。英语中，表示“位置移动”的动词（又叫“趋向动词”）常用现 在进行时表示将来，这类动词主要有go，come，leave，move，fly，drive，die等。 - Come here，Eddie. 埃迪，过来一下。 - Im coming，Hobo. 我就来，霍波。 Mr Green is flying to Nanjing tomorrow. 格林先生明天将飞往南京。 典例讲解 ( )（2010铜仁）- Jack is busy packing luggage(行李) - Yes. He _for America on vacation. A. leaves B. left C. is leaving D. has been away 知识点二：go on在句中的用法 指点迷津 go on在句中意为“进行，从事”，后面跟名词。 Can you go on a holiday with us next time? 下次你能和我们一起去度假吗？ We are going on a hike next week. We are going hiking next week. 下周我们将去远足。典例讲解 ( )We will _a picnic tomorrow. A. go to B. go on C. go into D. go by答案：C B 批注：在讲解用现在进行时表将来的用法时，帮助学生回忆一下上学期学过的用一般现在时表将来的用法。2.Ive been there many times我已经去过那儿很多次了。 知识点：have been在句中的用法 指点迷津 have been there意为“去过那儿”，指去了又回来了。第三人称单数形式是has been there。地点为名词时要用have been to结构。 I have been to Nanjing twice. 我去过南京两次。 典例讲解 ( ) (2010菏泽)My friend Li Xiao knows my home town very well because he _ there many times with me. A. has been B. has gone C. had gone D. went答案：A 批注：这个句型中主要讲了have been to的用法，表示说话人去了某地而现在已经回来了，主要与have gone to的区别。3.It must be fun那一定很有趣。 知识点：must在句中的用法 指点迷津 句中的must是情态动词，表示肯定的推测，意为“一定，肯定”。 The light in your fathers room is on, so he must be at home. 你父亲房间的灯亮着，所以他肯定在家。 He must be ill. He looks so pale.他肯定是病了，他的脸色那么苍白。典例讲解 -Your watch is so beautiful. It _（一定）be expensive.-Not at all. I only spend 20 on it.答案： must 批注：这句话中除了要掌握must的用法以外，fun的用法也需要帮助学生一起回顾一下，例如have fun in doing sth.等。（建议5-10分钟）A根据中文提示写出单词。（每题1分，共10分） 1. We were _(鼓掌) our hands when the pop singer came out .2. It was an _(体验) for me that I once worked as a policeman .3. They all sat down and _(讨论) the problem. 4. Do you know where the Oriental Pearl _(塔) is ?Yes, its in Shanghai.5. Of course, overwork will do _ ( 伤害) to your health.6. I was afraid at first but then I knew that they were _(无害的)7. A few years ago the army from the USA _(前进，行军) into Iraq and fought with the people there. A lot of people died in the war. 8. _(滑雪) with friends is really interesting 9. What do you think of the _(主题)song of this TV play ?10. You should speak _(清楚) to make yourself understood.B单项选择。（每题1分，共10分）( )1. I came to your officer yesterday morning, but nobody was in. Oh, we _ a meeting in the meeting room. A. have had B. had C. were having D. had had ( )2. It was already eleven oclock _ he got back home. A. while B. if C. since D. when ( )3. Ben wanted to buy some stationary _souvenirs _ my cousin. A. as; for B. for; as C. for; for D. as; as ( )4. Someones at the door. Is it Cathy? No, it _ be Cathy . It_ be Tommy. Hes come to get his book.A. mustnt; may B. mustnt; must C. cant; must D. cant; may( )5. Im going on a trip to Hong Kong after the exam. Really? _!A. Have a nice time B. Its nice of you C. OK D. Congratulations to you ( )6. The driver hurt the boy _ badly_ he had to see the doctor. A. so; that B. either; or C. too; to D.