一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态.doc

一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为；过去主语所具备的能力和性格。基本结构：主语+动词过去式+其他；否定形式was/were+not;在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词；一般疑问句Did+主语+do+其他。动词变化规则规则变化：1.直接加ed：work- worked ,2.以e结尾的单词，直接加d：live -lived3 以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加ed：study studied4以元音字母+y结尾的，直接加ed：enjoy enjoyed5 以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母+ed： stop stopped不规则变化：have/has - had,eat-ate, seesaw，am/iswas,are-were, gowent, do-did，take-took,run-ran,lend-lent,sleep-slept,getgot, meetmet, bringbrought, buybought, thinkthought, saysaid, givegave, putput,write-wrote,swim-swam,dig-dug,set-set,tell-told基本结构主语+动词过去式+其他否定形式was/were+not;在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词一般疑问句Did+主语+do+其他？例句She often came to help us in those days.I didnt know you were so busy. 一般过去式的构成形式肯定式疑问式否定式疑问否定式I workedDid I work?I did not workDid I not work?He(she,it) workedDid he(she,it) work?He (she,it)did not workDid he(she,it)not work?We workedDid we work?We did not workDid we not work?You workedDid you work?You did not workDid you not work?They workedDid they work?They did not workDid they not work?编辑本段一般过去时的用法(1)一般过去时表示在过去某个特定时间发生，也可以表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作。一般过去时不强调动作对现在的影响，只说明过去的事情。句式：主语+过去动词+其他I had a word with Julia this morning.今天早晨，我跟朱丽亚说了几句话。(1) He smoked many cigarettes a day until he gave up.他没有戒烟的那阵子，抽烟抽得可凶了。(2) 一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用，如：yesterday, last week, in 1993, at that time, once, during the war, before, a few days ago, when 等等。补充内容：（句子中谓语动词是用一般过去时还是用现在完成时，取决于动作是否对现在有影响。Have you had your lunch? 你吃过午饭了吗？（你现在不饿吗？）Yes, I have. 是的，我已经吃过了。（已经吃饱了，不想再吃了。）When did you have it? 你是什么时候吃的？（关心的是吃的动作发生在何时。）I had it about ten minutes ago. 我大约是十分钟以前吃的。 ）Used to do something 表示过去常做而现在已经停止了的习惯动作。I used to work fourteen hours a day. 我过去常常一天干十四个小时。I ate it at 6：45。我在六点四十五分吃了。1 带有确定的过去时间状语时，要用过去时如：yesterday（昨天）、two days ago（两天前 ）、last year（去年）、the other day（前几天）、once upon a time（很久以前）、 just now（刚才）、in the old days（过去的日子里）、before liberation（解放前）、 When I was 8 years old（当我八岁时）、at+一个时间点Did you have a party the other day？前几天，你们开了晚会了吗？Lei Feng was a good soldier.雷锋是个好战士。注意在谈到已死去的人的情况时，多用过去时。2 表示过去连续发生的动作时，要用过去时这种情况下，往往没有表示过去的时间状语，而通过上下文来表示。The boy opened his eyes for a moment，looked at the captain，and then died.那男孩把眼睛张开了一会儿，看看船长，然后就去世了。3 表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作常与always，never等连用。Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。（只是说明她过去的动作，不表明她现在是否常带着伞。）比较Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella.彼得太太老是带着伞。（说明这是她的习惯，表明她现在仍然还习惯总带着一把伞）Mrs. Peter is always carrying an umbrella.彼得太太 总是带着一把伞。（表示说话者对这一动作或行为厌烦）I never drank wine.我以前从不喝酒。（不涉及到现在，不说明现在是否喝酒）4 如果强调已经终止的习惯时要用 used to do(过去常常做，而现在不那样做了)He used to drink.他过去喝酒。（意味着他现在不喝酒了。喝酒这个动作终止了）I used to take a walk in the morning.我过去是在早晨散步。（意味着现在不在早晨散步了）比较：I took a walk in the morning.我曾经在早晨散过步。（只是说明过去这一动作）5 有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话，也要用过去时，这一点，我们中国学生往往出错，要特别注意！I didnt know you were in Paris.我不知道你在巴黎。（因为在说话时，我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前，所以只能用过去时表示。实际上，这句话暗指：But now I know you are here.）I thought you were ill.我以为你病了呢。（这句话应是在说话之前，我以为你病了。但是现在我知道你没病）辨别正误Li Ming studied English this morning.（把此句变为一般疑问句）（）1.Did Li Ming studied English this morning？（动词应该用原形）（） 2. Does Li ming Study English this morning？（时态应该用原句子的时态）（） 3.Was Li Ming studied English this morning？（应该用一般动词，而不是be动词）（动词应变原型）（） 4.Did Li Ming study Enghish this morning？已过：在过去发生的动作。主动：肯定 be 分为was,were v+ed否定 was/were not didnt+v疑问 was/were+ 主 did+主+V时状:1. yesterday (morning,afternoon,evening)2. the day before yesterday3. last night (week,Sunday,weekend,month,winter,year,century 世纪）4. ago5.in 1980 (过去年份）6.this morning/afternoon/evening7.when引导的状语从句 （过去）8.in the past9.just now10.the other day - a few days ago.11.at the age of 10 (过去年龄段）12.in the old days.（未完待续）动词过去式规则变化1 直接加ed eg：work worked worked2 以不发音的e结尾的，+d eg：live lived lived3 以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加ed eg：study stuied stuied4 以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母+ed eg： stop stopped stopped不规则变化例如相等 eg：cut cutread readsit 英音：sit美音：s?t sat英音：sæt美音：sætrun英音：r?n美音：r?n ran英音：ræn美音：ræn编辑本段一般过去时句型结构句型1.一般句子I watched TV last night.2.一般疑问句Did you watch TV last night?3.there be 句型There was an apple on the table last night.Was there an apple on the table last night?口诀一般过去时并不难，表示过去动作、状态记心间。动词要用过去式，时间状语句末站。否定句很简单，didnt 站在动词原形前，其它部分不要变。一般疑问句也好变，did放在句子前，主语、动词原形、其它部分依次站。特殊疑问句也简单，疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。最后一条请注意，动词过去式要牢记。编辑本段过去时的一般形态1 Be 动词的一般过去时态.在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词， am is 的过去式为was; are的过去式为were.构成：肯定句：主语+was (were) +表语如：I was late yesterday. （昨天我迟到了。）否定句：主语+was (were) +not+表语如：We werent late yesterday. (我们昨天没迟到)疑问句：Was (Were) +主语+表语如： Were you ill yesterday? （你昨天病了吗？）肯定回答： Yes, I was. (是的，我病了。)否定句： No, I wasnt. (不，我没病。)特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词+was (were) +主语+表语如：When were you born? 你是什么时候出生的？2 实义动词的一般过去时态肯定句要使用动词的过去式，否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和 does 的过去式 did.肯定句为：主语+动词过去式+宾语如： I went home at nine oclock yesterday.（我昨天九点钟回的家。）否定句：主语+didnt +动词原形+宾语如：I didnt go home yesterday. (我昨天没回家。)疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+宾语如： Did you go home yesterday? (你昨天回家了吗？)肯定回答： Yes, I did. (是的，我回了。)否定回答：No, I didnt. (不，我没回家。)3 助动词和情态动词过去式如下：shallshould（将要）用于第一人称单数willwould（将要）用于所有人称cancould（能，会） maymight（可以） mustmust （必须）have tohad to（不得不）助动词和情态动词的过去时态要使用他们的过去式，后面的动词还使用原形。如： I had to do my homework yesterday. (昨天我不得不做作业。)一般过去时讲解一般过去时也叫单纯过去时。例A：He worked very hard last year.（去年他很用功。）例B：Mr. Smith bought a new car yesterday.（史密斯先生昨天买了一辆新车。）例C：They were here only a few minutes ago.（几分钟前他们还在这里。）一般过去时的用法如下：一般过去时最明显的现象就是常由表达过去之时间的副词或副词短语来修饰它（如各例句的斜体字部分）。这些常用于修饰一般过去时的副词有：yesterday, yesterday morning （afternoon, evening ）, just now （刚才）, before （以前） , then （at that time ） （当时） , last +时间 （如 last week, month, year, Monday, January, spring, , etc. ）, that +时间 （如 that day, afternoon, summer, , etc. ）, 时间 + ago （如 a few minutes ago, two weeks ago , years ago, etc.）“过去”的概念并不是只指如 “yesterday, last week, ” 等，实际上“与现在对立的过去”，亦即“非现在的以前”，哪怕是“过了说话时间的几分钟之前”，只要所要表达的时间与说话时的“现在”形成对立，就必须使用一般过去时来表达。例如：He was here only a few minutes ago.（仅仅几分钟前他还在这里。）I came home just now.（我刚回到家。）在A项我们说明了“this + 时间， today, etc.”的时间副词常用于修饰一般现在时，但是实际上只要是“与说话时的现在”对立，就必须使用一般过去时。例如：I got up very early this morning.（今天早晨我起床很早。）He was late for school again today.（今天他又迟到了。）初中英语语法梳理和提高11动词一般过去时讲解 试题时间：2009年06月11日 作者：匿名 来源：英语教师网 4一般过去时1）一般过去时的构成：用动词的过去式。作谓语的行为动词的词尾变化如下：一般情况+ed以e字母结尾的辅音+d以辅音字母y结尾去y变ied重读闭音节结尾的单词，末尾只有一个辅音字母双写词尾字母+ed2）一般过去时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以be和like为例）：主 语肯 定 式否 定 式疑 问 式第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数I was a student. We/You/ They were students. He/ She was a student. I / We/ You/ They/ liked music. Many people liked music.I was not a student. We/You/ They were not students. He/ She was not a student. I / We/ You/ They/ didnt like music. Many people didnt like music.Were you a student. Were you/ they students? Was he/ she a student? Did you/ they like music? Did many people like music?3）一般过去时的用法：1 过去发生的动作。例如：The police stopped me on my way home last night.2 过去存在的状态。例如：They werent able to come because they were so busy.3. 常用于一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday，three months ago，last year，in 1979，often，always等。例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！1 r. Mott is out. But he _ here a few minutes ago.A. was B. is C. will be D. would be解析：时分钟前发生的动作， 应该用一般过去时。 应选 A，2-Hi, Tom.-Hello, Fancy. I _ you were here.A.dont know B.wont think C. think D. didnt know解析：虽然句中没有明确的时间状语， 但是可以通过上下文语境判断出， 我说这话之前不知道，但是现在知道了，表示过去的动作，要用过去时态。所以选D。3He promised to tell me by himself when I _.A. come B. would come C. came D. had come解析：在时间状语从句中，用一般过去时表示过去将来。应选C。一般过去时态的“三变”技巧一变：肯定句变为否定句【技巧1】当句中含有情态动词或助动词could，would，should等时，可直接在其后面加not构成否定句。例如：I could get you a concert ticket. I could not / couldnt get you a concert ticket.【技巧2】当句中含有系动词was，were 时，可直接在其后加not构成否定句。例如：I was on the Internet when you called me. I was not / wasnt on the Internet when you called me.【技巧3】当句中谓语是除情态动词、助动词、系动词was, were以外的动词时，在该动词之前加did not / didnt，动词还原，构成否定句。例如：The famous singer sang some Chinese songs. The famous singer did not / didnt sing any Chinese songs.二变：陈述句变为一般疑问句【技巧1】移动词语的位置。将was，were, could，would，should等移到句首。例如：He could pack his things himself. Could he pack his things himself?【技巧2】添加助动词did。谓语是除情态动词、助动词、系动词was, were以外的动词时，在主语之前加did，动词还原。例如：Mr Li looked very old. Did Mr Li look very old?三变：陈述句变为特殊疑问句【技巧1】确定疑问词：人who / whom，物what，地点where，时间when / what time，原因why，频率how often，长度how long，距离how far等等。例如：They gave the concert last night. When did they give the concert?【技巧2】辨认结构形式：疑问词+情态动词/助动词/ was / were / did +主语+.? 例如：The accident happened near the station. Where did the accident happen?定义：表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。 结构：“主语+动词的过去式”用法：1.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。He was here yesterday.I got up at seven yesterday morning.My mother was at work yesterday afternoon.Did you have a good time last summer?2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。My mother often went to work by taxi last year.When I was a student, I often listened to music.3. 常与一般过去时态连用的时间状语有：at that time, then, at that moment, yesterday, yesterday morning (afternoon, evening)last night (week, month, year),一段时间+ago(several days ago), two days ago, a week ago, three years agoin 1990, (in 1997) ,just now, long before, long, long ago1 Be 动词的一般过去时态在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词， am is 的过去式为was; are的过去式为were2构成：肯定句：主语+was (were) +宾语 如：I was late yesterday. （昨天我迟到了。） f4 r$ 9 X; y$ o/ h8 - J否定句：主语+was (were) +not+宾语 如：We werent late yesterday. (我们昨天没迟到)疑问句：Was (Were) +主语+宾语 如： Were you ill yesterday? （你昨天病了吗？）# w3 P Y2 N! P. D- S, k肯定回答： Yes, I was. (是的，我病了。) ) l9 R9 i7 E; . G! 否定句： No, I wasnt. (不，我没病。) 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was (were) +主语+宾语. z$ d0 |* O. L/ M) m8 S% e如：When were you born? 你是什么时候出生的？ . 3 F/ 9 ) U B l4 p. D% X k, B2 实义动词的一般过去时态肯定句要使用动词的过去式，否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和 does 的过去式 did. 4 O) 7 t5 U. z0 v; x肯定句为：主语+动词过去式+宾语 如： I went home at nine oclock yesterday.（我昨天九点钟回的家。）否定句：主语+didnt +动词原形+宾语 如：I didnt go home yesterday. (我昨天没回家。) x H4 G6 : D0 d0 A疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+宾语如： Did you go home yesterday? (你昨天回家了吗？): M Z5 |6 V0 7 A, e肯定回答： Yes, I did. (是的，我回了。)否定回答：No, I didnt. (不，我没回家。) s+ ?) s4 z: K L% C3 助动词和情态动词过去式如下：shallshould（将要）用于第一人称单数 willwould（将要）用于所有人称+ 7 ; ?* N: S4 Y3 Ocan ?could（能，会） maymight（可以） mustmust （必须）. 0 K& ( u% Fhave tohad to（不得不）( E c1 _( B; h6 g助动词和情态动词的过去时态要使用他们的过去式，后面的动词还使用原形。& q/ O; v3 I; Z! v- W9 _* K+ u/ S如： I had to do my homework yesterday. (昨天我不得不做作业。) 4一般过去时态由动词的过去式表示。大多数动词的过去式是在动词原形后加上ed构成。这类动词称为规则动词。# x4 A0 d6 0 O) I& n! d3 ( _1） 一般情况下在词尾直接加ed。 如：playplayed workworked2）以e结尾的动词只加d. 如：like- liked loveloved , g9 N6 q, P w3） 以辅音字母+Y结尾的动词，变Y为I，再加ed. 如：studystudied carrycarried4） 以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，要双写最后这个辅音字母，再加ed. 如：stopstopped 5 -ed的读音规则如下：1）在清辅音后面读t. workworked wE:kt helphelped helpt2）在浊辅音或元音后读d. learnlearned lE:nd 3）在t 和d 后读id. supportsupported sEpC:tid支持 6不以ed 结尾的过去式，称为不规则动词。不规则动词的过去式：a.过去式与动词原形的拼写形式相同：let let, put put, read read,(注意read的过去式读red)b. i a: begin began, drink drank, give gave, ring rang, sing sang, sit sat, swim swamc. i o: drive drove, ride rode, write wroted. ow ew: grow grew, know knew, throw threwe. 含ough或augh的：bring brought, buy bought, think thought；catch caught, teach taughtf. am is -was are -were do-did can-could come-came不规则动词的过去式平时出现要留心,逐个熟记,注意积累。句型变化1be 动词的过去时的句型如下： (1)否定句： 主语 + be动词的过去式（was, were）+ not(2)疑问句： be动词的过去式（was, were）+ 主语 ？a.He was busy yesterday. (肯定句) 他昨天很忙。 b.He was not busy yesterday. (否定句) 他昨天不忙。c.Was he busy yesterday? (疑问句) 他昨天忙d.There werent any boys in the room.房间里没有男孩儿。e. Were there any boys in the room? 房间里有男孩儿吗？2行为动词的否定式和疑问式：(1)若肯定句中只有一个行为动词,那就得在行为动词前加上did not或缩略式didnt,并把这个行为动词由过去式改为动词原形。例如：a. I called Lin Tao yesterday afternoon. I did not / didnt call Lin Tao yesterday afternoon.b. I borrowed a book from Sun Yang last Sunday. I didnt borrow a book from Sun Yang last Sunday.(2) 行为动词的一般疑问句若在陈述句中只有行为动词的过去式,那就得在句首加上一个助动词did来帮助提问,然后把句中的行为动词由过去式改为动词原形,并在句末打上问号。回答时别忘了还用did.例如： a. We stayed there for 10 days last month. Did you stay there for 10 days last month? Yes, we did. / No, we didnt.b. Mary had a delicious dinner yesterday evening. Did Mary have a delicious dinner yesterday evening? Yes, she did. / No, she didnt一般过去时态的“三变”技巧 _一变：肯定句变为否定句 G: E8 |( V: e0 y3 |8 t【技巧1】当句中含有情态动词或助动词could，would，should等时，可直接在其后面加not构成否定句。例如： * R4 B& e( m5 H HI could get you a concert ticket. I could not / couldnt get you a concert ticket. 【技巧2】当句中含有系动词was，were 时，可直接在其后加not构成否定句。例如： I was on the Internet when you called me. I was not / wasnt on the Internet when you called me. 【技巧3】当句中谓语是除情态动词、助动词、系动词was, were以外的动词时，在该动词之前加did not / didnt，动词还原，构成否定句。例如： R d4 I 1 B3 V- W+ x GThe famous singer sang some Chinese songs. The famous singer did not / didnt sing any Chinese songs. . u& 6 * d h n b. m6 V S,二变：陈述句变为一般疑问句 + m. Z8 I* o1 % + T6 * X【技巧1】移动词语的位置。将was，were, could，would，should等移到句首。例如： He could pack his things himself. Could he pack his things himself? 【技巧2】添加助动词did。谓语是除情态动词、助动词、系动词was, were以外的动词时，在主语之前加did，动词还原例如： $ o, P- I5 # m. v; Mr Li looked very old. Did Mr Li look very old? 0 O; 4 G( S- o. Q$ j! P( h三变：陈述句变为特殊疑问句 1 : . z$ k/ f6 O7 j4 a Z% A【技巧1】确定疑问词：人who / whom，物what，地点where，时间when / what time，原因why，频率how often，长度how long，距离how far等等。例如： They gave the concert last night. When did they give the concert? 3 + n1 f % U: i6 o【技巧2】辨认结构形式：疑问词+情态动词/助动词/ was / were / did +主语+.? 例如： ( J& g 8 7 z c) PThe accident happened near the station. 练习： 一用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. We _ (live) in Japan last year.2. Susan_ (stop) the car on the street yesterday.3. My mother_ (clean) my room and _(study) for the English test last Sunday.4. What _ you _(do) last night?5. On Saturday morning I _(play) football.二 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。(1) May_ (finish) her homework very late yesterday evening.(2) Han Mei _ (bring) her pet to the park that day.(3) His father _ (buy) a new computer for him last week.(4) Miss Du_ (walk) to work every day last term.(5) We _ (move) to Shenyang 8 years ago.(6) _ you _ (have) bread for breakfast this morning?(7) She _ (give) me a nice present last night.(8) The police _ (stop) the car and _ (catch) the thief (小偷) just now.(9) Tom _ (carry) water for the old man last Saturday.(10)Uncle Wang _ ( come )into the room and _ ( find ) something to eat.(11).Lily _ ( study ) in the classroom for two hours and then _ ( leave ).(12).Jimmy _ ( do ) a lot today. He _ ( go ) shopping and _ ( cook ) supper.(13).We _ ( go ) to the cinema last night. The film _ ( be ) very good.(14).What time _ you _ ( get ) to school this morning?三按要求变换下列句型,每空一词。(1) Wei Fang cleaned the classroom an hour ago. (改为一般疑问句,并作肯定和否定回答)_ Wei Fang _ the classroom an hour ago?_, she _. _,she _.(2) Li Hong did her homework yesterday afternoon. (改为否定句)Li Hong _ _ her homework yesterday afternoon.(3) Uncle Li drove a truck to Wuhan three months ago(改成一般疑问句)_ Uncle Li _a truck to Wuhan three months ago?(4) Miss Gao taught them English last term.(对划线部分提问)_ _ Miss Gao _ _ English?(5) Mr Ren always went to work on foot last year. (对划线部分提问) _Mr Gao _ to work last year？(6)Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句）Lucy _ _ her homework at home.(7)He found some meat in the fridge.（变一般疑问句)_ he _ _ meat in the fridge?(8)She stayed there for a month.（对划线部分提问）_ _ _ she _ there?(9)There was some tea in the cup.（变一般疑问句)_ there _ tea in the cup? 四. 选择( )1.The two _in