过去分词作定语及表语.doc

过去分词作定语及表语1 构成: v +ed 或不规则的变化动词 Page 104-1062 过去分词本身的含义: 被动 或完成 a broken heart a lost dog a ploughed field a risen sun a grown-up daughter an escaped prisoner a retired general faded colors 不及物动词的过去分词作定语，表示动作的完成 fallen leaves 落叶 returned students 归国留学生 newly-arrived visitors 新到的客人 及物动词的过去分词作定语，表示被动及动作的完成。(与所修饰的词是一种动宾的逻辑关系) the cold boiled water 冷开水 a developed country与所修饰的词是一种动宾的逻辑关系过去分词的一般式(已经完成的)The patient operated on will soon be allowed to go home.不定式的被动式(即将发生的)The patient to be operated on is Mr. Smith.-ing 的被动式(正在进行的)being doneThe patient being operated on is Mr. Smith.The patient having been operated on is Mr. Smith.() The patient operated on is Mr. Smith.()过去分词作定语 a.过去分词作定语 ，具有形容词的性质 。一般说来 ：单个过去分词或adv.-p.p作前置定语 :He is a respected leader. a recently-built house home-grown vegetables man-made fibers过去分词短语作后置定语 :Young people brought up in the new society cant imagine the bitter life in the old days.b.作定语时可用定语从句代替 He is a respected leader. = He is a leader_. Young people brought up in the new society cant imagine the bitter life in the old days. = Yong people _cant imagine the bitter life in the old days. 1.Prices of daily goods _ through a computer can be lower than store prices . A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying2. The first text books _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century . A. Having written B. to be written C. being written D. written3. With everything she needed _, the lady went home happily . A bought B to be bought C buying D being bought 4. The Olympic Games , _in 776BC , did not include women players until 1912. A first playing B to be first played C first played D to be first playing 5. The matter _at the next meeting is very important .A discussed B being discussed C to be discussed D be discussed 6. The girl _ in red is my second daughter. A. dressing B. dressed herself C. dressed D. is dressing7. I couldnt understand the language _ in that country. A. to speak B. speaking C. to be spoken D. spoken8. The ground is _ with _ leaves. A. covering, falling B. covered, falling C. covered, fallen D. covering, fallen 过去分词作表语 She looked worried.I am interested in the book.He was lost in thought.The door remained locked.be动词和系动词1、be 动词2、表示变化的动词:become, get, turn, go, grow等3、感官动词:look, feel, smell, taste, sound等4、还有seem, appear, stay, keep, remain, turn out等 有的已成为固定搭配 ：be covered with 被覆盖be lost in thought 陷入沉思be caught in the rain 被雨淋be separated from 从分离be interested in 对感兴趣be absorbed in 专心致志于系表结构和被动结构 This lake is badly polluted . This lake is badly polluted by a paper mill . 系表结构表示主语所处 的状态 ,被动语态则表示主语所承受的动作.1.As we joined the big crowd , I got _ from my friends A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed2. Cleaning women in the big cities get _ by the hour . A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay 过去分词的基本特点 ：1.从语态上讲 ：过去分词一般表被动 。2.从时态上讲 ：过去分词表示已经完成的动作 ；表示被动意义的主动结构1.某些连系动词,如smell; taste; feel; sound; prove等 Cotton feels soft. (adj.)2.某些用来表示主语内在品质或性能的及物动词,如shut; open; move; read; write; sell; wash; clean; catch; draw; cut; photograph等 The book sells well. (adv.)3.某些表”发生(happen/take place), 爆发(break out) 和传播(spread)”的不及物动词4. 不定式作定语与被修饰名词构成动宾关系时 He had an important meeting to attend.5.在beadj.to do English is difficult to learn.6. b