直接引语、间接引语和练习.doc

直接引语和间接引语直接引语种类间接引语的连接词直接引语间接引语原则例句其他注意事项陈述句that(口语省略)（1）去掉“”，加that；（2）时态向更早推一步；（3）人称、状语作相应变化直：She said to me, “I see him today.”间：She told me (that) she saw him that day.(1)人称变化：一随主，二随宾，三不变；就是间接引语中，宾语从句如是一人称，则与主句主语相同；如宾语从句主语如是二人称，则与主句宾语相同，三人称不变。(3)指示代词、地点状语和时间状语变化：this-that; these-those; here-there; now-then; today-that day.(4)标点：？变. (5)疑问语序变陈述语序(6)直接引语如果是客观真理、自然规律等，时态不变化。一般疑问句if/ whether(1) 去掉“”，加if/whether;(2) 陈述语序；(3) 时态向更早推一步；(4) 人称、状语作相应变化直：She asks/asked, “Have you seen the film?”间：She asks/asked me if/whether I have/had seen the film.特殊疑问句直接引语的疑问词(1) 去掉“”;(2) 陈述语序，去掉助动词；(3) 时态向更早推一步；(4) 人称、状语作相应变化直：They ask him,When do you harvest the wheat? 间：They ask him when he harvests the wheat.祈使句无肯定式用ask/tell/order sb. to do;否定式用ask/tell/order sb. not to do(1)The teacher says to the boy, “Open the window.”The teacher tells the boy to pen the window.(2)“Dont do that again,” the teacher says to me.The teacher tells me not to do that again.改为间接引语：1. Jack asked her, “Where did you spend your holiday?”2. I said to her, “Theyre walking through the street now.”3. Jane asked me, “What did you hear about a week ago?”4. He said, “The job is completed now.”5. Mary asked me, “Who is she?”6. Jimmy asked me, “When did you finish reading it?”7. My friend asked me, “Do you like English?”8. The teacher ordered the students, “Keep silent!”9. The teacher said to Bill, “Dont be late again.”10. Our geography teacher said to us, “The Great Wall is the longest wall in the world.”答案：1. Jack asked her where she had spent her holiday.2. I said to her that they were walking through the street then.3. Jane asked me what I had heard about a week before.4. He said that the job was completed then.5. Mary asked me who she was.6. Jimmy asked me when I had finished reading it.7. My friend asked me whether/if I liked English.8. The teacher ordered the students to keep silent.9. The teacher told Bill not to be