《B语法知识点解析》doc版.doc

4B语法知识点解析（二） 姓名_一 词类1. 反义词：cold 冷- hot 热 sharp锋利的-blunt钝的soft软-hard硬 smooth光滑的-rough粗糙的good好吃的，香的-bad难吃的，难闻的 on上面-under下面 big/large大-small/little 小behind后面-front前面 brave 勇敢的-afraid 胆小的， 害怕的hungry饿-full饱 happy快乐的-sad忧伤的same相同的-different不同的here 这里-there 那里2. 近义词：beside旁边，附近-near paint涂色-colour see 看见、遇见-meet purple紫色-violet紫罗兰big 大的-large 硕大的 building 大楼-blocknice好吃的，香的-good3. 词形转换 have got 有/得到 （三单）- has got have got (否定形式)-havent got has got (否定形式)-hasnt got like (三单)- likes like (否定形式)-dont like likes(否定形式)-doesnt like do(三单)-does do(否定形式)-dont dont(完全形式)-do notdoes(否定形式)-doesnt doesnt(完全形式)-does notcan(否定形式)-cant cant(完全形式)-can not some(否定形式)-any fox狐狸(复数)-foxes a box of(复数)-.boxes of mouse老鼠(复数)-mice people人们(复数)-people sheep绵羊(复数)-sheep fish鱼(复数)-fish sandwich三明治(复数)-sandwiches piano钢琴(复数)-pianos photo照片(复数)-photos this这个(复数)-these这些 that那个(复数)-those那些 brush毛笔(复数)-brushes donkey 毛驴(复数)-donkeys foot脚(复数)-feet tooth牙齿(复数)-teeth cuff （同类词）-fluff, juice, hay 不可数名词二需要补充掌握的词组 (江苏牛津5A Unit1) 1. the first day at school 开学第一天 2. new term 新学期 3. all the students 所有的学生 4. be动词 + back at school 回到学校 5. each other 互相、彼此 6. in the building 在大楼里 7. a lot of 许多 8. go and see 去看看 9. have a look 看一看 10. Im not sure. 我不确定。 11. Let me see. 让我看看。/ 让我想想。 12. computer room 电脑房 13. reading room 阅览室 14. library 图书馆 15. table tennis room 乒乓球室 16. toilet 洗手间 17. office 办公室 18. hall 报告厅、礼堂 19. playground 操场 20. music room 音乐教室 21. classroom 教室 22. garden 花园 23. slide 滑滑梯 24. swing 秋千 / 荡秋千（作动词） 25. a box of chocolates 一盒巧克力二.句型 1. Touch/Feel this donkey. “摸”/“感觉” 这头毛驴。 否定句：Dont touch/feel this donkey.注： touch 是“摸”的意思；feel 是“感觉”的意思touch和feel都可以通过hand手或者body身体来感知dont 是“不要”的意思，后面一定要用动词原形. 2. Taste those lemons. Theyre sour. 尝尝那些柠檬。 酸的。 注：看到第二句中sour，意思是“酸的”，肯定是味觉，要尝出来才知道，所以前面填入taste“品尝”Smell these prawns with nose. 用鼻子闻闻这些虾。注：看到句中nose，意思是“鼻子”，肯定是与嗅觉有关，要“闻”所以前面填入smell“闻闻”3. 问感觉的句型问“感觉、嗅觉、味觉怎样？” 强调在“怎样”二字上How do feel? 或How does feel?How dotaste? 或How does taste?How dosmell? 或How does smell?注：do后面跟复数形式或I/we/you/theydoes后面跟单数形式或he/she/it 问“能有什么感觉/味觉/嗅觉？” 强调在“能”和”什么上What canfeel? What cantaste? What cansmell? 注：can后面可以跟任何人称，单复数形式都可以4. in the tree 和on the tree的区别两者都是“在树上”的意思in the tree 在树上，但不是从树上长出来的，不属于树的一部分 例如：The cat is in the tree.on the tree 在树上，原来就从树上长出来的，是树的一部分 例如： The branches are on the tree.5. The fox likes grapes. 狐狸喜欢葡萄。一般疑问句：Does the fox like grapes?注：见likes，要添does作开头，原句中的likes要变回原形like，因为一个句子中三单形式出现一次就可以了肯定回答：Yes, it does. 否定回答：No, it doesnt.否定句：The fox doesnt like grapes.注：likes的否定形式是：doesnt like划线提问： What does the fox like?注：原句中有likes,只要是变问句，都需要添does, 然后把likes变回原形like, does一词放在主语（即人称或动物）的前面，紧跟在疑问词后面，如跟在where, what, how后面等 及时巩固和练习： The foxes like grapes. 狐狸们喜欢葡萄。一般疑问句： _肯定回答和否定回答_否定句： _划线提问_提示：同学们，想一想，foxes和例题中的fox有什么区别、联系？like和likes又有什么区别联系呢？6. The bird has got some grapes. 那只鸟有一些葡萄。一般疑问句： Has the bird got any grapes?注：碰到have got/has got的句型，变一般疑问句，只要把have或has提前到句子开头，其余内容照抄下来，但是，some要变成any肯定回答：Yes, it has. 否定回答：No, it hasnt.否定句：The bird hasnt got any grapes.注： has got的否定形式是：hasnt got， Some的否定形式是：any划线提问：What has the bird got?注：原句中有have got 或has got只要是变问句，都需要把has或have一词放在主语（即人称或动物）的前面，紧跟在疑问词后面，如跟在where, what, how等及时巩固和练习： The birds have got some grapes. 鸟儿们有一些葡萄。一般疑问句： _肯定回答和否定回答_否定句： _划线提问_提示：同学们，想一想，birds和例题中的bird有什么区别、联系？have got和has got又有什么区别联系呢？自我检测练习题：1. Kally is _. She cant see the flowers. But she _ (cant) hear.Look, she _ the noise. ( listen to )2. _(be) the children _(eat) grapes, now?3. Can those cats _(chase) the mice? No, they _. (can)4. Do not _ (feeding) the horses. Theyre _. (hungry)5. _ _ ( there be ) any fluff on the cuff? Yes. 6. The bird _(like) grapes but the fox _ (not like) grapes. 7. _ your father _ a clock? No. (have got) 8. Look, the mice _ (on / in) the tree _ ( pick) the grapes _(on / in) the tree.9. _ (mix) the water and the orange, please. Oh, its the orange juice. _ it. Its very sweet.10. _ ( Smell / Taste / Touch ) the ice. Its cold.11. Betty _ (cook) in the _, now.12. The blackboard is in the _ ( behind) of the classroom. Our teachers can _ (write) on it.13. _ names Brownie. You can call _ Brownie. ( it )14. _( where) the people? In the office.15. _ ( who ) toy cars are these? Kittys.自我检测练习题答案一1. Kally is _blind_. She cant see the flowers. But she _can_ (cant) hear.Look, she _is_listening_ the noise. ( listen to )2._Are_(be) the children _eating_(eat) grapes, now?3. Can those cats _chase_(chase) the mice? No, they _cant_. (can)4.Do not _feed_ (feeding) the horses. Theyre _full_. (hungry)5. _Is_ _there_ ( there be ) any fluff on the cuff? Yes. 注：cuff和fluff都是不可数名词 6. The bird _likes_(like) grapes but the fox _doesnt like_ (not like) grapes. 7. _Has_ your father _got_ a clock? No. (have got) 8. Look, the mice _in_ (on / in) the tree _are picking_ ( pick) the grapes _on_(on / in) the tree.9. _Mix_ (mix) the water and the orange, please. Oh, its the orange juice. _Taste_ it. Its very sweet.10. _Touch_ ( Smell / Taste / Touch ) the ice. Its cold.11. Betty _is_cooking_ (cook) in the _kitchen_,