Matter - New beginnings family academy无论家庭院的新开始.doc

Name:Date:MATTER & MEASUREMENT STUDY GUIDERemember, Fridays test will be a unit test and will cover everything we have learned this year! Make sure you study at home!MatterDefinition: Anything that takes up space (or has volume) and mass.Examples: humans, toaster, soup, steam, glass, airMeniscus What is it? The curve seen at the liquids surface. Directions: Read the scale at the lowest part of the curve. The example above would measure to be 9mL NOT 9.5 mL.Volume Definition: Amount of space something takes up. Since objects have volume, they cannot share the same space at the same time. Units for liquid volume: Liters (L) and Milliliters (ml) Units for solid volume: Cubic units, such as cubic centimeters Volume of a gas: Gas will expand to fit the container Method to find volume of a regularly shaped object (like a book)o Use L * W * H (it does not matter if you mix up length, height, widthas long as you have three different measurements). Method to find volume of an irregularly shaped object (odd shaped). o Use water displacement: Fill graduated cylinder with water and measure the vol. Place object in container. Measure the volume of the water and the object. Subtract the two volumes and use units!Mass Tool: Balance (specifically a triple beam balance) is used to find mass. Definition: Amount of matter in an object. Amount of mass can change only by changing the amount of matter in the object. Example #1: A growing puppys mass changes because it grows. Example #2: if you break a cookie or melt an ice cube the mass does not change; because, the amount of matter does not change. Units: milligrams (mg), grams (g), and kilograms (kg) Weight A measure of the pull of gravity on an object (usually in relation to the Earth). Varied depending on where the object is in relation to the Earth (or any other large body in the universe). Measured with a spring scale Measurement is expressed in newtons(N) Density Definition: How tightly packed the molecules are or: _. Of water = 1.0g/cm3 ; Salt water = 1.1g/cm3 The density of a substance is always the same regardless of the size of the object. For example, a big piece of ice and a small ice cube will both float even though they are different sizes.Properties and Changes Physical: Physical properties of matter can be observed without changing the identity of the matter When a substance undergoes a physical change, its identity remains the same, no new matter is formed.Chemical: Describes a substance based on its ability to change into a new substance with different properties. Can be observed only when one substance might become a new substance Occurs when one or more substances are changed into new substances with different properties.1. Identify the parts of an atom. Draw and label the “electron cloud model” of an atom:2. Explain the definition of density (mass/volume). Definition:_- Explain that density is a physical property that can be used to identify an element or substance. Identify two examples and explain how you can use density to identify that substance or element:_3. Describe the properties of common elements, such as oxygen, hydrogen, carbon, iron and aluminum. Pick two and describe its properties: _- Differentiate between a mixture and an element (or compound) and identify examples._4. Describe how the properties of simple solutions (or mixtures), such as water and salt, are different from the properties of the elements of which they are made._- Illustrate and explain the differences in the physical and chemical properties of a water molecule and the individual atoms that bonded to form that water molecule._5. Explain how mixtures can be separated by using the properties of the substances, such as particle size, density, and solubility. _6. Compare and contrast the properties of a metal (aluminum, iron, etc.) with a nonmetal (oxygen, carbon, etc.) _7. Where are metals, semimetals (metalloids), and nonmetals in the Periodic Table of Elements? How can you use the Periodic Table to predict the general characteristics of an element? Give an example._VocabularyDefinitionExample1. Atom 2. Nucleus 3. Element 4.