大学英语四级写作精品班内部讲义

2011年春季大学英语四级（CET4）写作精品班内部讲义主讲：白子墨一、考纲要求写作能力测试部分比例为15%时间为30分钟，体裁包括议论文、说明文、应用文等。四级作文范文档的要求是：切题；表达思想清楚、文字通顺，连贯性较好；基本无语言错误，仅有个别小错。该要求蕴涵着大学英语写作的四个基本考点： 1、切题所谓切题是指在形式上诸如段落、字数、文体、格式等方面满足题目要求，并在内容上没有偏差。2、表达清楚、条理清晰要求考查学生对文章结构的掌握，要求文章主题观点明确，有头有尾，论证说明安排有主次，有轻重。3、文字通顺，连贯性较好要求考查学生对过渡句和连接词或词组的掌握和运用，要求文章句子内部与句子之间通顺连贯，不突兀。4、基本无语言错误要求考查学生语言基本功的掌握，包括语法与拼写两部分。一篇好的作文应基本达到：有较好的写作基础，文章流畅，遣词造句恰当，文章结构完整，内容符合要求；语法基本正确；句法基本准确，句子与句子，段落与段落之间过渡连贯；有一定词汇量，字数符合要求；说理清楚，内容充实。一篇较差的作文表现为：文章不通顺，无段落，无结构，无明显主题；出现很多基本语法错误，拼写错误；词汇量很小，词不达意，缺乏英语表达能力；不像一篇文章，仅是把一些不连贯的词语拼凑到一起。因此，要想写出一篇高分作文必须具备两个条件：一是扎实的英语语言基础，二是掌握一定的写作技巧。二、应试瓶颈 无从下笔 结构杂糅 错误连篇 逻辑混乱 文不切题 用语平淡三、四大对策 卷面设计 写作内容 行文逻辑 遣词造句四、真题回顾 2006年6月1、有些大学允许学生自由选择某些课程的任课教师； 2、学生选择教师时所考虑的主要因素；3、学生自主任课教师的益处和可能产生的问题。 2006年12月1、许多人喜欢在除夕夜观看春节晚会；2、但有些人提出取消春节晚会；3、我的看法。 2007年6月 1、本社团活动的主要内容；2、参加本社团活动的好处；3、如何加入本社团。 2007年12月1、各大学开设了各种各样的选修课；2、学生因为各种原因选择了不同的选修课；3、以你自己为例。 2008年6月1、娱乐活动多种多样；2、娱乐活动可能使人们受益，也可能有危害性；3、作为大学生我的看法。 2008年12月1、一次性塑料袋曾广为使用；2、由此带来的问题；3、限制使用一次性塑料袋的意义。 2009年6月1、越来越多的博物馆免费开放，目的是什么；2、也会带来一些问题；3、你的看法。 2009年12月1、建设绿色校园十分重要；2、绿色校园不仅指绿色环境；3、为了建设绿色校园我们应该。 2010年6月1、如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写；2、出现这种现象的原因是；3、为改变这种状况，我认为。 2010年12月1、目前不少父母为孩子包办一切；2、为了让孩子独立，父母应该。五、命题模式（主流：提纲式；冷门：图表式、应用文） 2006年6月1、有些大学允许学生自由选择某些课程的任课教师；2、学生选择教师时所考虑的主要因素； 3、学生自主任课教师的益处和可能产生的问题。On Students Selecting TeachersNowadays, some universities allow students to choose teachers for some courses. This is no doubt a very creative and bold move . There are many factors contributing to this new phenomenon. Firstly, it is generally accepted that .Secondly, students are convinced that . And finally, they hold that .Undoubtedly, this change can lead to both benefits and problems. For one thing, . For another, . 2006年12月1、许多人喜欢在除夕夜观看春节晚会；2、但有些人提出取消春节晚会；3、我的看法。On the Spring Festival GalaMany people, like watching the CCTV Spring Festival Gala because it includes all kinds of programs. bring people lots of laughter and many superstars showing up adds up more fun and excitement.Some people, , hold that because of . They also deem focusing on this time-consuming program disturbs family members communication and prohibits them from attending more meaningful activities.In my opinion, it is unnecessary to cancel the CCTV Spring Festival Gala, . But in view of its vital role in the celebration of the Spring Festival, . 2007年12月1、各大学开设了各种各样的选修课；2、学生因为各种原因选择了不同的选修课； 3、以你自己为例。What Electives to ChooseNowadays, large numbers of universities offer a variety of elective courses for students to choose from. Some provide and others .There are two main reasons for students selection of the courses. For one thing, students tend to . Some of science students, for example, are eager to know about Shakespeare while some of art students want to learn how a computer works and how to deal with it when it breaks down. For another, is another universe reason as students select a course at random.As for me, I am inclined to choose electives based on both the value of the courses and the interest of my own. 2008年6月1、娱乐活动多种多样；2、娱乐活动可能使人们受益，也可能有危害性；3、作为大学生我的看法。Recreational ActivitiesNowadays, there are various recreational activities apart from studying and working in peoples daily life, .Such activities , depending on how they are undertaken. On one hand, recreational activities can help not only but also improve our communication skills . On the other hand, if we indulge some of these activities such as singing, dancing and computer games, .When it comes to me, recreational activities should be done within so that we can keep with our recreations and studying or working life. 2008年12月1、一次性塑料袋曾广为使用；2、由此带来的问题；3、限制使用一次性塑料袋的意义。Limiting the Use of Disposable Plastic BagsFor many years disposable plastic bags have been widely used in China, and most of them are freely offered by shops when we go shopping at supermarkets. This, undoubtedly, in our daily life.Its problems are also apparent, however. For one thing, the plastic bags are mostly hard to decompose in the natural state and will exist for a long time, . For another, a large proportion of them fail to meet the requirements for healthy products, .Therefore, . On one hand, this policy can reduce pollution and save a lot of natural resources. On the other hand, it can also create a healthier environment for us and our next generations. 2009年6月1、越来越多的博物馆免费开放，目的是什么；2、也会带来一些问题；3、你的看法。Free Admission to MuseumsA growing number of museums are open to the public for free nowadays. The goal of free admission to museums is crystal clear- .However, its disadvantages are also apparent. For one thing, exhibits by the flock of visitors, deliberately or unconsciously. For example, on the first day when the Military Museum of the Chinese Peoples Revolution offered free admission to the public, some parents allowed their children to use a missile boat as a slide. For another, the cost of the museums as they have to develop their ability to manage flocks of visitors.As far as I am concerned, the pros of free admission to museums outweigh its cons, yet I hold that museums should take some measures to solve the potential problems. . 2009年12月1、建设绿色校园十分重要； 2、绿色校园不仅指绿色环境； 3、为了建设绿色校园我们应该。Create a Green Campus that students spend nearly one third of their time on campus every day, creating a green campus is of great importance, by which colleges and universities can serve as learning laboratories. Then, what is a green campus anyway? When we talk about it, we do not exclusively mean the rich greenery of grass and trees on campus. It a campus that acts to decrease its impact on the environment and climate, .In order to create a green campus, colleges and students should make joint efforts. On one hand, colleges should incorporate energy conservation and efficiency into course curricula. On the other, we, as students, should reshape our living practices by . For example, turn off the lights the time we leave a room, avoid using disposable plastic containers in campus dining hall and recycle wasted batteries. 2010年6月1、如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写； 2、出现这种现象的原因是；3、为改变这种状况，我认为。Due Attention Should Be Given to SpellingNowadays, many students tend to attach little importance to . For example, a number of students spell the simple word “trouble” as “truble”, “touble” or anything else except “trouble”.There are several reasons responsible for this new problem. First of all, , especially when a great deal of school testing is now done through true and false and multiple-choice. In the second place, most word processors come with a built-in spell checker, . Last but not the least, some teachers because they emphasize the importance of spelling during teaching.In order to change this situation, I insist that students and teachers should make joint efforts. On one hand, students should give spelling due attention. On the other hand, every teacher, especially , should be concerned about students poor spelling. 2010年12月1、目前不少父母为孩子包办一切； 2、为了让孩子独立，父母应该。How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent?At present