语言文化论文-如何学会多种表达方法 .doc

语言文化论文-如何学会多种表达方法学会多种表达方法Awellcomposedessayissupposedtoincludeallkindsandtypesofsentences,whileutilizingasmanysentencesstructuresaspossible.Letstryparaphrasingasimplesentence,seeinghowmuchwecandoinrestructuringandrephrasingthem:汉语中，“想想真开心，忖村笑煞人”中的“想”和“忖”是一个意思，换了一种表达，语言明显地活泼多了。汉语中还有“你叫什么名字”常常说成“请问贵姓？”或“请问芳名”；“多大年龄”问长者是“请问阁下高寿？”，问年轻女子则是“请问您的芳龄”；“在哪儿工作”说成“在哪儿高就”，等等。英语也是一样。每句话都有多种不同的说法，既可以这样说，也可以那样说。多种表达可以运用词汇和语法手段，如同义词的替代、反义词的换用、句型的变换（长句改短句、复合句改简单句、几个意义相关的简单句改为复合句）、语态、时态、引语的改更、人称的改变。甚至正话反说，反话正说，这样，使英语更加娴熟、运用自如。还可以利用修饰手段，在准确的基础上力求使说的话和写的文章更加明白准确、更加庄重得体、更加委婉诙谐，更加细腻富有情感，更加具有感染力和可读性而不至于索然寡味。初中英语教材就出现过：SupposeyouareMary,askyourpartnerthosequestions.PretendyouareJimorKate,andsaysomethingaboutthepicture.Imagineyourarelibrarian.Thenmakeupadialoguebetweenyouandthestudent.学会用不同的方式解释同一事物（Howtoexplainthingsindifferentways）。传统的教学方法也进行替换练习，只是语言层面的替换，而不是思维层面的替换。比如：Iloveyou.传统的教学方法也进行替换练习，就是Iloveher.Ilovemymother.其中her,mymother替换了you。显而易见，这种替换没有对智力构成挑战，不能启动思维。如果替换成Iwanttokissyou.Iwanttohugyou.Iwillshowmyhearttoyou等，才是真正的替换。1.改变词或词组：小词换大词，大词换小词。小词是拼写字母少，口语中常用的词汇；大词是拼写字母多，书面语中常用的词汇。一般来说，词的字母越长越高贵。你好Hi./Hello!Goodmorning!/GoodAfternoon!/Nicetomeetyou.谢谢Thankyou./Thanks./Manythanks./Itsveryniceofyou./begratefultosb.forst./Thankyoueversomuch(真是太谢谢你了).Thankyoujustthesame./Wegreatlyappreciateyourtimelyhelp.（我们非常感谢你们的及时帮助）。不用谢Notall./ThatsOK./Thatsallright./Yourewelcome./Forgetit./Dropit./Mypleasure./Dontmentionit.再见Bye-bye./Bye!/Goodbye!/Seeyou./Seeyoulater./Seeyousoon./Farewell!/Goodlucktoyou./Goodtriptoyou./Haveagoodday./Takecare./Solong./Cheerio!/Nicemeetingyou./Callmeifyouneedmyhelp./Dropbymyhomesometime.现在还好吗？Howareyou?Howareyoudoing?好，很好Good!Thatsagood!Ok!Notbad!Great!Wonderful!Cool!Neat!Nice!Fine!Allright!Excellent!Perfect!代我向你父母问好。Extendmycomplimentstoyourparents./sendorgivemylovetoyourparents.Remembermetoyourparents./Sayhellotoyourparentsforme.Givemyregardstoyourparents./Givemyrespectstoyourparents.Pleasegiveyourparentsmywarmestregards.请问你是谁（打电话用语）？MayIaskwhoiscalling?(Thissentenceisright.)Hello,whosspeaking,please?(Thissentenceisok.)Canyoutellmewhoyouare?(ThissentencemaysoundrudeinEnglish)我对它不是很感兴趣。Iamnotinterestedinit.(ThissentencemaysoundrudeinEnglish)Imsorry.Iamnotinterestedinit.(Thissentenceisright.)懂了吗？Doyouunderstand?/CouldyouunderstandwhatIsaid?/Couldyoucatchme?/Couldyoufollowme?Couldyouseemypoint?/AmIclear?/MayImademeunderstood?/Couldyougetmypoint?我最喜欢钓鱼。WhatIlikebestisfishing.(第三册第1单元2课课文注释p.199)Ilikefishingbest./Fishingismyfavor./Myfavorablehobbyisfishing./Ipreferfishing./Ienjoyfishing./befondoffishing/Icareforfishingbest.她非常喜欢看排球比赛。Sheadoresgoingtothevolleyballmatch.你需要帮助吗？(第三册第266页)Areyouneedofhelp?/Doyouneedhelp?请你帮帮忙好吗？Wouldyouhelpme?Wouldyouliketohelpme?Wouldyougivemeyourhands?Wouldyoudomyfavor?/Couldyougivemeahand?我可以问您几个问题吗？CanIaskyousomequestions?/MayIaskyousomequestions?/MightItroubleyouwithafewquestions?我的电脑死机了。Mycomputercrashed./Mycomputerhalted./Thecomputerisdown.这本书值得一读。Thisbookisworthyofbeingreadtoberead./Itsworthseeinghearing,reading他比我大三岁。Heismyseniorbythreeyears./Heheisthreeyearsseniortome.休息一会儿。restbreakrecessrelaxrefreshreposetaketen.(休息十分钟)2.改变时态初中英语第三册第1单元1课课文练习第2题（p.91）：Sayandwritethefollowingsentencesinanotherway(将下列句子用另外一种方式表达):1.Doyouhaveanyporkhere?(Haveyougotanyporkhere?)2.Wehavebeefandpotatoes.(Wehavegotbeefandpotatoes.)3.Theydonthave(Ihavntgotanypepper.)4.Ihaveonlyalittlesug