非谓语动词导学案.doc

非谓语动词（Non-predicateVerbs）一、 课前准备每个小组根据对非谓语动词的认识，准备一个关于非谓语动词的例子或者一则关于非谓语动词的材料。二 、课前预习（一）非谓语动词的本质：_1、非谓语：不是谓语，而是_2、非动词：不是动词，而是_（二）非谓语动词的使用条件：一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。例如：Shegotoffthebus,leavingherhandbagonherseat.（ ）Shegotoffthebus,butleftherhandbagonherseat.（ ）（三）考点分析考点1 、动词不定式（The Infinitive）：to do（1）时态和语态：主动态主动语态被动语态一般式完成式进行式完成进行式（2）意义：表_（3）品味高考真题：典例1 When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 46 (cool) the house during the hot day；at the same time，they warm up again for the night.(2015全国)分析 _ 典例2 Since the plants took a while to grow，he started cutting down trees 23 (sell) the wood.(2015广东)分析 _ 典例3 It took years of work 65 (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.(2014新课标全国)分析 _ 典例4 I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver，but he refused _46_ (stop) until we reached the next stop. (2014新课标全国II) 分析 _（4）方法归纳：对于不定式的考查，需注意不定式的时态和语态，熟记常考跟不定式作宾语的动词以及一些常考句式。有的动词后只能用不定式而不能接动名词作宾语。如ask, demand(要求), plan, intend, mean(计划), manage, do/try ones best, make an attempt, learn(学习), wish, hope, desire, expect, long, want, would like, should like, would prefer (希望、愿意), agree, promise(同意), decide, determine, choose, make a decision, make up ones mind(决定), offer(主动提出), apply(申请), help(帮助), fail(不能、没有), prepare(准备), pretend(假装), refuse(拒绝), happen(碰巧), afford(负担得起)等。考点2 动词的ing形式（1）时态和语态：主动语态被动语态一般式完成式（2）意义： 动名词表：_现在分词表：_（3）品味高考真题：典例1 Abercrombie & Kent，a travel company in Hong Kong，says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people 70 (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.(2015全国)分析 句中已有谓语动词_，故应考虑_。 由于live与其所修饰的名词people之间为逻辑上的_，故用表示_意义的_形式作后置定语。故填_。典例2 In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without 44 (use) electric equipment.(2015全国)分析 句中已有谓语，介词without之后的动词要用动名词形式。故填using。典例3 I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver，but he refused to stop until we reached the next stop.Still，the boy kept 47 (ride)(2014新课标全国)分析 根据空格前面的kept可知，此处是keep doing sth.结构，意为“继续做某事”。故后面应使用v.ing形式，因此需将ride变成riding。1 (ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.(2015安徽，27)（4）方法归纳：现在分词作状语，表示自然而然的结果或伴随，且与句子主语构成逻辑上的主动关系；现在分词作定语表示动作的主动进行行为或正在进行中；动名词作主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性动作；此外，应熟记能用动名词作宾语的动词或动词短语。有的动词或短语动词后只能用动名词而不能接不定式。如allow, permit(允许), consider(考虑), suggest, advice(建议), keep (on)(反复;不停), finish(完成), imagine(想象), practise (练习), understand(明白), appreciate, enjoy(喜欢), miss(错过; 怀念), prevent(阻止), forbid(禁止), escape(避免), include(包括), forgive, pardon, excuse(原谅), dislike(厌恶), discuss(讨论), report (报道), admit(承认), mind(介意), risk(冒险), cant stand(不能忍受), burst out(突然开始), feel like (想要), insist on(坚持), delay, put off(推迟), give up(放弃), be busy(忙于), be worth(值得)等。下列动词和短语动词后接不定式和接动名词意义不同：remember to do(记住去做)，remember doing(记得做过)；forget to do(忘记去做)，forget doing(忘记做过)；regret to do (遗憾地做)，regret doing(后悔做了)；try to do(设法做)，try doing(试做)；go on to do(接着做另一事)，go on doing(继续做同一事)；mean to do(打算做)，mean doing(意味着)；stop to do(停下来去做)，stop doing(停止做)；cant help to do(不能帮助做)，cant help doing(情不自禁做)。考点3 动词的过去分词（1）done是唯一形式（2）意义：表_（3）品味高考真题： 典例1 A study of travelers 68 (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.(2015全国)分析 句中出现双动词conduct与names且无连词，通过name的第三人称单数形式可判定names为句子的谓语，故判定设空处应填非谓语动词形式作a study的定语。conduct与study之间为动宾关系，故用表示被动的过去分词形式。此外，by是解题的关键词，conducted by.意为“由所做的”。 故填conducted。典例2 The adobe dwellings(土坯房) 41 (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers.(2015全国)分析 build与句子谓语are admired之间无连词，故应填非谓语动词。 主语adobe dwellings与动词build之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式作后置定语。又由by一词的暗示也可知用表示被动意义的过去分词。故填built。（4）方法归纳：过去分词可作状语、定语或补语，表示被动与完成； 若作表语常考的为形容词性化的过去分词；过去分词不可作主语或宾语。表示情感的动词，其分词作形容词用时，v-ing表示“令人的”事物，v-ed表示人“感到的”。如surprising令人吃惊的(事物)；surprised（人）感到吃惊的。三 、课堂探究小组根据非谓语动词的相关知识对小组准备的材料进行讨论分析。（例如：我小组准备的材料是翻译句子，也就是把非谓语动词运用到写作当中去，主要体现）四 、课堂练习改错(每小题1处错误)1Weve been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars.(2015四川)_2I enjoyed sit close to the windows and looking at the view.(2015浙江)_3I might have to retire again next year just get some more of these biscuits.(2015陕西)_4My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me enjoy the biscuits with happy laughter！(2015陕西)_5One evening at sunset，we sat by the fire，have our barbecue.(2014陕西)_6It is difficult to understanding why she barks every minute shes outside.(2014辽宁)_7He wanted teach me about animals