刘明康主席演讲ppt文稿-powerpointpresentation.pdf

Construction of the Legal Framework for Banking Regulation and Supervision in Modern China 现代中国银行业监管法律体系的构建 Liu Mingkang 刘明康 Chairman, China Banking Regulatory Commission 中国银行业监督管理委员会主席 2005-09-09 2 The historic review (1) 现代中国银行业监管法律体系的构建历程与现状（一） In a long period of time before 1980s 上世纪八十年代之前 很长的一段时间内 After 1980s 上世纪八十年代以后 After 1990s 上世纪九十年代以后 No bank in real sense 没有真正意义上的 银行 No banking regulation in real sense 没有现代意义上的 银行监管 No legal system for banking regulation and supervision in real sense 没有现代意义上的 银行监管法律体系 Started to construct the legal system for banking regulation and supervision in China 开始构建中国 银行业监管法律体系 Issued the Provisional Rules Governing Banks in 1986 1986 年发布银 行管理暂行条例 Aimed at building Chinese banks into real commercial banks 目标是把中国的银行办成真正的商 业银行 Issued the Law of the Peoples Republic of China on Peoples Bank of China and the Law of the Peoples Republic of China on Commercial Banks in 1995 1995 年出台中华人民共和国中国 人民银行法和中华人民共和国商业银 行法 Issued other administrative rules and regulations to enforce banking regulation 颁布其它行政法规和部门规章，加 强银行监管 Designed the framework of the legal system for banking regulation in China 构建了现代中国银行业监管法律体 系的框架 3 The historic review (2) 现代中国银行业监管法律体系的构建历程与现状（二） Since 21st century 本世纪以后 Status quo 现 状 The China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC) was established on April 28, 2003 2003 年 4 月 28 日，中国银行业监督管 理委员会成立 The Law of the Peoples Republic of China on Banking Regulation and Supervision, the amended Law of the Peoples Republic of China on Peoples Bank of China and the amended Law of the Peoples Republic of China on Commercial Banks were passed on December 27, 2003 2003 年 12 月 27 日，通过了中华人民 共和国银行业监督管理法及对人民银 行法和商业银行法修改 The construction of the legal system for banking regulation in China stepped into a new era 现代中国银行业监管体系的构建步入了 崭新的发展阶段 Thanks to two decades of efforts, China has primarily set up the legal system for banking regulation and supervision with the Law of the Peoples Republic of China on Banking Regulation and Supervision and the Law of the Peoples Republic of China on Commercial Banks at its core, with the administrative regulations and departmental rules such as the Methods of Punishment against Financial Malfeasance and the Implementation Rules of the PRC for Foreign Financial Institutions as the main body, and with the financial judicial interpretations as the supplements. The system has provided a basic legal framework for banking regulation and supervision in China and served as a legal guarantee for financial stability and sound development of the banking industry. 中国已经初步地建立了以银行业监督管理法、商业 银行法为核心，金融违法行为处罚办法、中华人民 共和国外资金融机构管理条例等行政法规和部门规章为主 体，金融司法解释为补充的现代中国银行业监管法律体系。 该体系为中国银行业的监管提供了基本的法律依据，为维护 金融业的稳定、促进银行业的健康发展提供了法律保障。 4 CBRCs efforts to better the legal framework for banking regulation and supervision (1) 中国银监会成立以来对构建现代中国银行业监管法律体系的努力（一） Clarifying the responsibilities and powers of the CBRC 明确银监会的职责权限 Improving the legal environment for banking regulation and supervision 完善银行业监管的法律环境 1. Promoting and participating in the enactment and amendment of the Law of the PRC on Banking Regulation and Supervision and other related laws 积极推动和参与银行业监督管理法及相关法律的制定和修改 5 Enacted and implemented more than 100 regulations and regulatory documents to comply with the prudential banking operation 制定并颁布实施了 100 多件适应银行业审慎经营所急需的规章 和规范性文件 制定并颁布一些规章和规范性文件，加强自身行为的规 范 加强规章和规范性文件的清理与整合，提高监管规则透 明度 CBRCs efforts to better the legal framework for banking regulation and supervision (2) 中国银监会成立以来对构建现代中国银行业监管法律体系的努力（二） 2. Improving the regulatory legal system on the basis of the new regulatory concepts and the new situation 围绕监管新理念和新形势，完善监管法律制度 Capital adequacy ratio: Regulation Governing Capital Adequacy of Commercial Banks 资本充足率：商业银行资本充足率管理办法 Risk management: Rules on the Issuance of Subordinated Bonds by Commercial banks, Guidelines on Commercial Banks Market Risk Management, and Provisional Risk Assessment System for Joint-stock Commercial Banks 风险管理：商业银行次级债券发行管理办法 商业银行市场风险管理指引、股份制商业 银行风险评级体系 Risk concentration: Guidelines on Risk Management of Credit Grants to Group of Corporation Clients 风险集中：集团客户授信业务风险管理指引 Connected transactions: Administrative Rules on Commercial Banks Connected Transactions with Insiders and Shareholders 关联交易：商业银行与内部人和股东关联交易 管理办法 6 制定并颁布实施了 100 多件适应银行业审慎经营所急需 的规章和规范性文件 Enacted and issued regulations and regulatory documents to reinforce the self discipline 制定并颁布一些规章和规范性文件，加强自身行为的规范 加强规章和规范性文件的清理与整合，提高监管规则透 明度 CBRCs efforts to better the legal framework for banking regulation and supervision (3) 中国银监会成立以来对构建现代中国银行业监管法律体系的努力（三） 2. Improving the regulatory legal system on the basis of the new regulatory concepts and the new situation 围绕监管新理念和新形势，完善监管法律制度 Provisional Rules on Division of Regulatory Responsibilities and Working Procedures of the CBRC 中国银行业监督管理委员会监管职责分工和工作程序的 暂行规定 Off-site Surveillance Procedures for Joint-stock Commercial Banks 股份制商业银行非现场监管规程 Administrative Punishment Rules of the CBRC 中国银行业监督管理委员会行政处罚办法 Administrative Reexamination Rules of the CBRC 中国银行业监督管理委员会行政复议办法 7 制定并颁布实施了 100 多件适应银行业审慎经营所急需的 规章和规范性文件 制定并颁布一些规章和规范性文件，加强自身行为的规范 Cleaning up and reorganizing regulations and regulatory documents and increasing the transparency of regulatory rules 加强规章和规范性文件的清理与整合，提高监管规则透明度 CBRCs efforts to better the legal framework for banking regulation and supervision (4) 中国银监会成立以来对构建现代中国银行业监管法律体系的努力（四） 2. Improving the regulatory legal system on the basis of the new regulatory concepts and the new situation 围绕监管新理念和新形势，完善监管法律制度 Cleaning up more than 300 regulations and regulatory documents issued before the establishment of the CBRC 清理银监会成立之前发布的三百多件监管规章和规范性文件 Solving the problems of mismatch, inconsistence and incompleteness with respect to regulations and regulatory documents 解决规章或规范性文件不配套、不协调、不完整的现象 Simplifying the approval procedures, adjusting regulatory methods and process, and enhancing information disclosure 简化行政审批手续，调整了监管方式和程序，加强信息披露 8 Organized the first-class Council of International Advisors 组织世界一流的咨询委员会 Signed MOU with the supervisory bodies in major countries and regions 同世界上主要国家和地区监管者签署备忘录 Amended and issued rules to expand the opening up of the banking sector 修订并颁布规章扩大银行业开放 CBRCs efforts to better the legal framework for banking regulation and supervision (5) 中国银监会成立以来对构建现代中国银行业监管法律体系的努力（五） 3. Promoting and expanding the opening up of Chinas banking sector through the construction of the legal system 通过相关法律制度的建设，推动和扩大中国银行业对外开放 Implementation Rules of the PRC for Foreign Financial Institutions 中华人民共和国外资金融机构管理条例实施细则 Administrative Rules Governing the Equity Investment in Chinese Financial Institutions by Overseas Financial Institutions 境外金融机构投资入股中资金融机构管理办法 Rules on Consolidated Supervision of Foreign Banks 外资银行并表监管管理办法 9 Our working cycle for improvement 现代中国银行业监管法律体系的完善 1. Quality 健全立法工作 机制，提高立 法质量 2. No gaps 加快立法进 程，填补立 法空白 3.International best practice 密切注视国际 做法及其发展 变化，改进风 险监管法规 4.Market reform driven 坚持市场化方 向，立法推动 银行业体制改 革 5. Post- evaluation 加强跟踪评价， 注重实施效果 On-going process 不断完善 10 Lawmaking quality first 现代中国银行业监管法律体系的完善 1. 健全立 法工作机 制，提高 立法质量 2. 加快立 法进程， 填补立法 空白 3. 密切注视国 际做法及其发 展变化，改进 风险监管法规 4. 坚持市场化 方向，立法推 动银行业体制 改革 5. 加强跟 踪评价， 注重实施 效果 不断 完善 1. Building a sound lawmaking mechanism and enhancing the lawmaking quality 健全立法工作机制，提高立法质量 Our practice: Setting up a integral and comprehensive lawmaking mechanism by integrating both internal and external resources with a strategic view, and enhancing the lawmaking quality by further strengthening its programming and making it more systematic, on target and operational on the basis of integral programming, uniform examination and deep research. 我们的做法： 站在战略的高度，整合内外资源，建立完整、全面的法律工作机制， 通过整体规划、统一审查和深入研究，在立法上进一步加强规划性，增 强系统性，提高针对性，强化操作性，切实提高立法质量。 11 No gaps 现代中国银行业监管法律体系的完善 1. 健全立 法工作机 制，提高 立法质量 2. 加快立 法进程， 填补立法 空白 3. 密切注视 国际做法及 其发展变化 ，改进风险 监管法规 4. 坚持市场 化方向，立 法推动银行 业体制改革 5. 加强跟 踪评价， 注重实施 效果 不断 完善 2. Speeding up the lawmaking process and filling up vacancies 加快立法进程，填补立法空白 Promoting the lawmaking for banking regulation and supervision in China which will cover the lawmaking for 推动中国银行业监管立法 policy banks and postal saving institutions 政策性银行和邮政储蓄机构的立法 investment and trust industry, financing and leasing industry 信托业立法和融资租赁业立法 disposal of non-performing assets 不良资产处置立法 market exit of banking institutions 银行业金融机构市场退出立法 deposit insurance system 存款保险立法 12 Looking outside and forward 现代中国银行业监管法律体系的完善 1. 健全立 法工作机 制，提高 立法质量 2. 加快立 法进程， 填补立法 空白 3. 密切注视 国际做法及 其发展变化 ，改进风险 监管法规 4. 坚持市场 化方向，立 法推动银行 业体制改革 5. 加强跟 踪评价， 注重实施 效果 不断 完善 3. Paying close attention to the international practices and updating the regulations for risk management 密切注视国际做法及其发展变化，改进风险监管法规 Paying close attention the new developments of international regulations in line with the strategic, forward-looking and effective principles 本着“提高战略性、前瞻性、实效性”原则密切关注国际法规发展新动 向 International Convergence of Capital Measurement and Capital Standards: A revised Framework 统一资本计量和资本标准的国际协议：修订框架 IAS 39 国际会计准则 39 号 Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX Act) 美国萨班斯法案（ SOX 法案） Basel Core Principles for Effective Banking Supervision OECD Corporate Governance Principles 巴塞尔有效银行监管核心原则和 OECD 公司治理原则 13 Driving forces 现代中国银行业监管法律体系的完善 1. 健全立 法工作机 制，提高 立法质量 2. 加快立 法进程， 填补立法 空白 3. 密切注视 国际做法及 其发展变化 ，改进风险 监管法规 4. 坚持市场 化方向，立 法推动银行 业体制改革 5. 加强跟 踪评价， 注重实施 效果 不断 完善 4. Market and r