matlab简易计算器设计步骤与回调函数设计.doc

简易算术计算器的设计一、算术计算器的功能：能进行简单的加、减、乘、除法运算，输入文本框显示为常量多项式，输出文本框显示为精确到小数点后十位的数值。计算器包含十个数字键09、小数点键“.”、小括号键“（”“）”、运算符号、清屏键、退格键、退出键等。二、设计思路：每按下一个数字键或者符号键的时候，利用get(handles.edit1,string)获取当前输入文本框edit1的string属性，并通过字符串合并函数strcat（）将当前输入文本框edit1的字符型string属性与按键的字符型string属性合并成字符串，然后利用属性设置函数set(); 将合并后的字符串返回到输入文本框edit1的string属性。当输入结束，用户按下等号的时候，采用x=get(handles.edit1,string)获取当前输入文本框edit1的string属性，然后利用字符串执行命令y1=eval(x)计算输入文本框的表达式，得到的结果是字符型常量；然后利用字符串输出格式控制函数y=sprintf(%.10f,y1)使输出结果精确到小数点后十位；最后利用属性设置函数set(handles.edit2,string,y)将转换后的字符串返回到输出文本框edit2的string属性。三、设计步骤：1、 运行matlab 7.13版，进入主界面。2、 点击工具栏上的GUIDE图标进入GUI开发环境。3、 创建控件：Push Button包括数字09、运算符“+ - ”、功能键等十九个，输入和动态静态文本框Edit Text，显示文字的静态文本框Static Text四个等。4、 对控件单击右键弹出菜单，选择Property Inspector，设置控件属性。控件属性表控件Style类型TagStringFontSizeFontUnitsFontWeightVisibleBackgroundColorForegroundColorredgreenblueredgreenbluepushbuttonPushbutton1116pointsboldon00.4980110Pushbutton22Pushbutton33Pushbutton44Pushbutton55Pushbutton66Pushbutton77Pushbutton88Pushbutton99pushbutton100pushbutton1143pushbutton12pushbutton13pushbutton14pushbutton15=16pushbutton16.pushbutton17Exitpushbutton18Deletepushbutton19ClcPushbutton20(Pushbutton21)texttext1制作：*16pointsboldon0.8310.8160.784001text2Inputtext3Outputtext4算术计算器200.74900.749editedit1空白字符串10pointson111000edit2空白字符串5、 选择工具栏上的Align Objects按键，调整控件布局。6、 选择工具栏上的Tab Oder Editor按键，通过和设置各控件的Tab顺序。7、设计菜单：在GUI开发环境下，选择工具栏上的进入菜单编辑器，分别选择和创建主菜单和子菜单。8、编写回调函数。（1） 数字键0的回调函数：% - Executes on button press in pushbutton3.function pushbutton10_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton3 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%数字键0的回调函数： %get函数获取输入文本框edit1的string属性，赋值给numbers，数值类型为char；numbers=get(handles.edit1,string); %字符串合并函数strcat（）将按键0与numbers的值合并，将合并后的字符串返回到输入文本框edit1的string属性；set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(numbers,0);%同理编写其余数字键、小数点键、小括号键、运算符号键；（2） 数字键1的回调函数：% - Executes on button press in pushbutton7.function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton7 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%数字键1的回调函数：numbers=get(handles.edit1,string);set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(numbers,1);（3） 数字键2的回调函数：% - Executes on button press in pushbutton7.function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton7 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%数字键2的回调函数：numbers=get(handles.edit1,string);set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(numbers,2);（4） 数字键3的回调函数：% - Executes on button press in pushbutton10.function pushbutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton10 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%数字键3的回调函数：numbers=get(handles.edit1,string);set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(numbers,3);（5） 数字键4的回调函数：% - Executes on button press in pushbutton9.function pushbutton4_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton9 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%数字键4的回调函数：numbers=get(handles.edit1,string);set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(numbers,4);（6） 数字键5的回调函数：% - Executes on button press in pushbutton7.function pushbutton5_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton7 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%数字键5的回调函数：numbers=get(handles.edit1,string);set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(numbers,5);（7） 数字键6的回调函数：% - Executes on button press in pushbutton6.function pushbutton6_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton6 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%数字键6的回调函数：numbers=get(handles.edit1,string);set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(numbers,6);（8） 数字键7的回调函数：% - Executes on button press in pushbutton5.function pushbutton7_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton5 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%数字键7的回调函数：numbers=get(handles.edit1,string);set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(numbers,7);（9） 数字键8的回调函数：% - Executes on button press in pushbutton8.function pushbutton8_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton8 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%数字键8的回调函数：numbers=get(handles.edit1,string);set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(numbers,8);（10） 数字键9的回调函数：% - Executes on button press in pushbutton4.function pushbutton9_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton4 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%数字键9的回调函数：numbers=get(handles.edit1,string);set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(numbers,9);（11） 小数点“.”键的回调函数：% - Executes on button press in pushbutton17.function pushbutton16_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton17 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%小数点的回调函数；point=get(handles.edit1,string);set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(point,.);（12） 加号“+”键的回调函数：% - Executes on button press in pushbutton10.function pushbutton11_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton10 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%加号“+”键的回调函数;signs=get(handles.edit1,string);set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(signs,+);（13） 减号“”键的回调函数：% - Executes on button press in pushbutton9.function pushbutton12_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton9 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%减号“”键的回调函数;signs=get(handles.edit1,string);set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(signs,-);（14） 乘号“”键的回调函数：% - Executes on button press in pushbutton7.function pushbutton13_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton7 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%乘号“”键的回调函数;signs=get(handles.edit1,string);set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(signs,*);（15） 除号“”键的回调函数：% - Executes on button press in pushbutton8.function pushbutton14_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton8 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%除号“”键的回调函数;signs=get(handles.edit1,string);set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(signs,/);（16） 左括号“（”键的回调函数：% - Executes on button press in pushbutton21.function pushbutton21_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton21 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%左括号“（”键的回调函数；signs=get(handles.edit1,string);set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(signs,();（17） 右括号“）”键的回调函数：% - Executes on button press in pushbutton20.function pushbutton20_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton20 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%右括号“）”键的回调函数;signs=get(handles.edit1,string);set(handles.edit1,string,strcat(signs,);（18） 等号“=”号键的回调函数：% - Executes on button press in pushbutton15.function pushbutton15_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton15 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%等号“=”号键的回调函数;%get函数获取输入文本框edit1的string属性，并赋值与x；x=get(handles.edit1,string);%利用执行字符串命令eval（）计算用户输入的表达式，得到的结果为char型；y1=eval(x);%利用字符串输出格式控制函数sprintf（）将字符型常量精确到小数点后十位；y=sprintf(%.10f,y1);%利用属性设置函数set（）将字符型结果返回到输出文本框edit2的string属性；set(handles.edit2,string,y);（19） CLC键的回调函数：% - Executes on button press in pushbutton19.function pushbutton19_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton19 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%CLC键的回调函数；%清空输入文本框edit1的string属性；set(handles.edit1,String,);%清空输出文本框edit2的string属性；set(handles.edit2,String,0);（20） Delete键的回调函数：% - Executes on button press in pushbutton18.function pushbutton18_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton18 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%Delete键的回调函数；%get（）函数获取当前输入文本框的string属