主被动语态学生教案加练习.doc

基本转换被动语态主动和被动语态的转换转换方式： 将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语； 将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be动词的过去分词 done”结构； 将主动语态的主语改为介词 by 之后的宾语，放在谓语 动词之后（有时可省略）。例句：Ironman hits Spiderman every day. 钢铁侠每天打蜘蛛侠。_动词短语变为被动语态许多由不及物动词构成的动词短语，相当于及物动词，可以有宾语也可以有被动语态。 转换方式：动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成动词短语的介 词和副词。例句： He always takes care of his sister. 他总是照顾他的妹妹。带宾语和宾语补足语的动词变为被动语态转换方式：变被动语态时，只把宾语变为被动句的主语，宾语补足语保留在原处，成为主语补 足语。例句：All the villagers painted the houses white. 所有村民都把房子涂成了白色。双宾语改为被动语态转换方式：谓语动词带双宾语时，既可将间接宾语转化成主语，也可将直接宾语转化成主语。 方式一：若将间接宾语转化成主语，则保留直接宾语；方式二：若将直接宾语转化为 主语则保留间接宾语，且在被保留的间接宾语前加上介词 to 或 for。例句：He gave her some books. 他给了她一些书。 （间接宾语转化 主语） （直接宾语转化 为主语）主动结构表示被动含义1. open, lock, write, read, sell, clean, wash 等词作不及物动词且它们的主语为物 时，可用主动语态表示被动意义，用来描述主语特征。例句：The door wont lock 这个门锁不上。 This kind of cloth washes well. 这种布很好洗。2. look, smell, sound, taste 等系动词用主动形式表示被动意义。例句：I think the fish must taste good. 我认为这个鱼肯定尝起来很棒。 Your reason sounds reasonable. 你的理由听起来很充分。3. want/ need/ require +doing 相当于 want/ need/ require + to be done。例句：The house needs repairing.这房子需要修理。_练习：选择题（共 8 小题）1Whats the meaning of the activity Lets Save？Paper shouldntin everyday life（） AwasteBwastedCbe wastedDis wasted2The Dongying-Hainan airlinefor about 5 monthsI have taken the flights three times（）Ais openBhas opened Chas been openDhas been opened3My housewhen you visited Beijing last time，so I didnt invite you to my home（）Awas being decorated Bis being decorated Chas been decoratedDwas decorated4My email_to you last nightHave you received it_？（） Asent；yetBis sent；alreadyCwas sent；yet5In the past few years，thousands of filmsall over the world（） Ahave producedBhave been producedCare producingDare being produced6Its difficult for the village children to cross the river for schoolI think a bridgeover the river（） Ashould be builtBis being builtChas been builtDwas built7The World Expo（世博会）in Shanghai now（） Abeing hadBis havingCis holdingDis being held8Now its much easier to shop online whe