八下英语Unit4知识点练习(学用).doc

八年级英语第四单元知识点归纳 8 / 8知识点归纳 一、重点短语 1. 有空闲时间 2. 允许某人做某事3. 与某人闲逛 4. 课外活动课 5. 与某人吵架/打架 6. 直到半夜 7. 与某人交谈 8. 太多 9. 学得过多 10. 有足够的睡眠 11. 给某人写信 12. 打电话给某人 13. 令某人惊讶 14.浏览 15.生某人的气 16.重要的事 17. 成功地发展;解决 18. 和睦相处；关系良好: 19. 经常吵架/打架 20. 笼罩 21.拒绝做某事 22. 主动提出做某事 23.以便 24. 介意某人做某事 25. 一直 26. 今后 27. 使某人生气 28. 担心某事 29. 抄袭某人的作业 30. 做自己 31.家庭成员 32. 独自消磨时光 33.给某人施压 34. 与某人吵架 35. 与某人竞争 36. 业余活动 37. 取得更好的成绩 38. 提出某人的观点 39. 学习应试技巧 40. 体育训练 41.造成压力 二、重点句型 1. I studied until mid night last night so I didnt get enough sleep. 2. Why dont you forget about it? 3. Although shes wrong , its not a big deal. 4. H e should talk to his friend so that he can say hes sorry. 5. May be you could go to his house. 6. I guess I could, but I don t want to surprise him. 三、重点动词用法 1.Allow sb to do sth 2. Why dont you do sth? 3.Want to do sth 4.Find sb doing sth 5.Tell sb to do sth 6.Refuse sb to do sth 7. Let sb do sth 8.Offer to do sth 9.Mind sb doing sth 10.notuntil 11. Its time to do sth./its time for sth. 12.Keep on doing sth 13.What do you think of ? 四、重点讲解 一. Why dont you ? 等提建议的句型 Why dont you go to sleep earlier this evening? Why dont you talk about these things with your family? Why dont you forget about it? Why dont you do sth? Why not do sth? 其他提建议句型 1.What about/how about? 2.Would you like sth? 3.lets do sth. 4.You should do sth. 5. Youd better do sth. 二、知识点讲解until, so that及although 引导的状语从句 1.You should keep trying to talk to her until she talks to you.时间状语从句 until 引导时间状语从句until用于肯定句中，意为“直到为止”；在否定句中，意为“直到才” 例、She often works in the field until it gets dark. 他经常在田里干活到天黑。 We didnt go home until the rain stopped. 直到雨停了，我们才回家。 (2)Why dont you go to sleep earlier this evening?Why dont you do sth.=why not do sth.(3)I had a fight with my best friend.Fight with sb.= fight against sb.2.He should talk to his friend so that he can say hes sorry.目的状语从句 So that 引导目的和结果状语从句 （1）so that 以便，引导目的状语从句时，一般放在主句后，且不用逗号隔开，目的状语从句表示动机。即一种可能性，而非事实。因此在从句中常带有can, will, could, would, should等情态动词. You should be quickly so that you can catch the No.2 bus.（2）so that 以至于，结果，引导结果状语从句，陈述的是客观事实，常常不带情态动词。 He studied hard so that he passed the exam. (3)sothat意为“如此以至于”，常用于结果状语从句，表示上文动作所产生结果。I was so glad that I fell down when I was walking.(不作死就不会死，有木有啊) (4) I found my sister looking through my things yesterday.Find sb. doing sth. 其中v.ing作宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行I found a dog lying on the ground when I passed by.相似用法有感官动词+宾语+宾语补足语如See/listen to/ hear/watch/notice/find sb. doing sth.看见、听见、注意到、发现某人正在做某事 See/listen to/ hear/watch/notice/find sb. done sth.则表示看见、听见、注意到、发现某人已经做完某事(5) look短语大串烧 你记得几个？look at /look out / look like /look for /look over/ look after/ look forward to 3.Although he is wrong, its not a big deal. 让步状语从句 Although 引导的让步状语从句 Although 虽然，尽管，引导让步状语从句，可以放在主句前面，也可以放在主句后面。 You could help him although you didnt let him copy your homework. 4.allowv.允许；准许allowsb.（not）todosth.(不)允许某人做某事e.g.Myparentsdontallowmetostayuplate.我父母不允许我熬夜。Mr.SmithallowedMiketodrivethere.史密斯先生允许迈克开车去那里。Allow 还可用于下列结构中（1）allow doing sth. 允许做某事 如We dont allow smoking in public. The school allowed talking mobile phone,but now the new headmester forbids this. (2) sb. be allowed to do sth.某人被允许做某事Passengers are not allowed to smoke on the bus.2)wrongadj.错误的；不对的=notrighte.g.Somewordsontheadvertisementarewrong.广告上的一些字错了。5.bigdeal,dealbigdeal是英语中的一个固定搭配，表示“重要的事情或状况”，多用于非正式交流。作否定用法时，常说Itsnotabigdeal或Itsnobigdeal.表示说话人并不认为某事有什么了不起。e.g.TheresasoccergameonTVthiseveningbutIdonthavetowatchit.Itsnobigdeal.今天晚上电视上有一场足球赛，但我不一定要看。没什么大不了的。 Itsabigdeal,David,biggerthanyouknow.这事挺重要的，戴维，比你所知道的要重要。Whatsthebigdeal?Itsonlyabirthday,nottheendoftheworld.有什么了不起的？这不过是个生日，又不是世界某日。6.workout(复习work on是什么意思)workout解决（问题）；算出e.g.Mikeworkedoutthedifficultproblembyhimself.迈克自己算出了那道难题。Isitpossibletoworkouttheproblem?有可能解决这个问题吗？work on + 某事、某项目： I am working on my homework. 我在做我的作业。 I am working on the essay. 我在写作文。work with + 人： I am working with my friends on the homework. 我正在和我的朋友一起做功课。 I work with Mary at a restaurant. 我和玛丽在一家餐厅工作。work out + 某事、问题： I think I can work out this problem. 我想我能解决这个问题。 (或者： work this problem out 解决这个问题) 7.relationn.关系；联系；交往e.g.Theirrelationsseemedquiteclose.他们的关系看起来很亲密。2 ）.arguev.争吵；争论e.g.Thecouplebegantoargueaboutthechildseducation.那对夫妇开始就孩子的教育问题争吵。3）When they argue, its like a big, black cloud hanging over our home.Hang over 意味笼罩Smog used to hang over the city.烟雾过去常常笼罩着这个城市8.properadj.正确的；恰当的e.g.Itsnotpropertovisitafriendtoolateintheevening.太晚了，去看朋友不合适。9.nervousadj.焦虑的；担忧的e.g.Dontbenervous.Itisjustasmalltest.不要紧张。就是个小测试而已。10.clearadj.清楚易懂的；晴朗的e.g.Thesunshoneoutofaclearsky.天空晴朗，阳光灿烂。11.MyproblemisthatIcantgetonwithmyfamily.getonwith和睦相处；关系良好相当于getalongwithe.g.Thechilddoesntgetonwellwithothers.那个小孩不合群12.Insteadhewatcheswhateverhewantsuntillateatnight.insteadadv.代替；反而；却e.g.IfwecantgotoHuashanMountain,wellgotothecityofXianforthetrip.如果我们不能去爬华山，我们就去西安游玩。辨析：instead是副词，常置于句子末尾。insteadof是介词短语，后接名词、代词、动名词等。Im not goning toQingdao,ImgoingtoDalianthisyear.今年我打算去大连，而不去青岛。LastsummerIwenttoQingdao.ThissummerImgoingtoDalian.去年夏天我去了青岛。今年夏天我要去大连。用instead, instead of 修改以上句子。13.whateverpron.任何；无论什么相当于nomatterwhate.g.WhateverIsuggest,healwaysdisagrees.无论我提什么建议，他都不同意。1.whatever可用作连接词或连接副词，引导让步状语从句，表示“无论，不管”的意思。此时，可用no matter what结构来替换其意完全相同。位置前后置都可以。No matter when Im unhappy, it is my friend who cheers me up .=Whenever Im unhappy,it is my friend who cheers me up.2.whatever还可以引导名词性从句，同时起先行词和关系代词的作用。相当于anything that或all that，有任何一切这类意思。此时不能用no matter what替换。_ he does has nothing to do with me. A.no matter what B.whatever Whatever was said here must be kept secret.我们在这儿说的无论什么都必须保密。(如何区别名词性从句和让步状语从句，把Whatever引导的句子去掉，如果句子完整，则是让状，则也可以由No matter what代替，如果句子不完整，则不能由No matter what代替)14.Ifyourparentsarehavingproblems,youshouldoffertohelp.offerv.主动提出；自愿给予offer侧重主动或愿意给予，主动提出做某事。常用结构：offersb.sth.或offertodosth.e.g.Sheofferedmeacupoftea.她给我端了杯茶。Heofferedtogoinsteadofme.他主动提出代替我去。与之相似的词组有 provide sb. with sth.=provide sh. for sb.提供某人某物provide 用于表示无主动慷慨之意地为人或物提供需要或有用的东西，仅仅出于某种责任。 15.Secondly,whydontyousitdownandcommunicatewithyourbrother?（1）Secondly用做表示顺序的副词，意为“第二，其次”，与firstly对应。Firstly, Im beautiful; secondly, Im younger than you.（2）communicatev.交流；沟通communicatewithsb.与某人交流e.g.LiMeicaneasilycommunicatewithforeignersinEnglish.李梅能用英语与外国人轻松交流。16.Canyouexplaintomehowtodothismathproblem?explainv.解释；说明1.explain+that/what/why等从句2.explainsth.(tosb.)（向某人）解释某事e.g.Canyouexplainwhatthismeans?你能解释一下这个的意思吗？Pleaseexplainittome.请你向我解释一下吧。2)but he always copies my homework.Copy意为“复制；抄袭”Dont let him copy your homework. 17.returnv.回来；回去Return sb. sth.= return sth. to sb.Theydidntreturnuntilyesterdayafternoon.直到昨天下午他们才回家值得注意的是return本身就有回的意思，因此句子当中不用出现back 例如：Youve keep my book for several moths, you shoud return it back.这句话是错误的，应该去掉back.21.Inmyopinion,itisimportantforchildren/parentstoinonesopinion依看，用来表达某人的想法。e.g.Inmyopinion,itsimportantforustoprotecttheearth.我认为,对我们来说保护地球很重要。Opinion 既是可数名词又是不可数名词 意为“意见，想法”常用短语：in ones opinion 意为在某人看来 如In my opinion, thats an excellent idea.22.Perhapschildren/parentsperhapsadv.大概；也许perhaps在句中位于实义动词前，助动词、系动词、情态动词后。也可用于句首或句尾,可指有礼貌地提出请求或帮助等。e.g.Perhapsheisjustwaitinginstation.也许他正在车站等候。24.Others are practicing sports so that they can compete and win.该句中compete是不及物动词，意为“竞争；对抗”Compete against 表示与对抗 Compete for 表示夺取Compete with 表示与抗争25.Maybe I could cut out a few of their activitiesCut out 意为“删除；减掉”Youd better cut out that sentence.与cut 相关的动词短语Cut down砍倒 cut into 把某物切成 Cut off 切断，断绝 cut up 切碎26.And they are always comparing them with other children (1)Be always doing sth.意为“总是在做某事” 这一句型表示说话人的一种情绪，如赞扬，批评，或抱怨等。She is always working hard. 她总是工作很努力（表扬）You are always making so much noise. 你总是弄出这么大的声音。（抱怨）（2）compare是动词，意为“比较”Comparewith将与作比较Compare to 把比作Dont compare me with other children. 不要拿我跟其他孩子做比较。Teachers are often compared to candles. 教师经常被比作蜡烛。一、填空1. 去睡觉_ 2. Get into a fight_ 3. 擅长_ 4. 给某人打电话_ 5. 闲逛_ 6.Look through_ 7. Whats _ （毛病）？ - I cant find my key. 8. Helen doesnt want to help him, _ （也） . 9. My sister didnt pass the exam, so she is very u_ . 10. The magazine is i_ （不贵） , and you can take it. 二、单选 1.How about _ calendar? A. buy B. to buy C. buying 2.I believe that singing English songs help me _ my English. A. improve B. improved C. improving 3.-In our English study, reading is more important than speaking, I think. -I dont agree. Speaking is _ reading. A. as important as B. the most important C. the same 4.This box is _ heavy _ I cant carry it. A. too, to B. so, that C. enough ,to 5.The book is _, I couldnt finish it. A. bore B. bored C. boring 6. Mums birthday is coming. What about _ her some flowers? A. get B. getting C. to get 7. Maybe you should _ . A. call in her B. call up her C. call her up 8. Brian doesnt like _ . A. reading B. read C. reads 9. Yesterday I went to the library. Henry went there, _ . A. either B. too C. also 4 10. Charles cousin is the same age _ him. They get on well _ each other. A. as, with B. as, on C. as, in 11. _ hes old, he can still carry this heavy bag. A. Though B. Since C. For 12. I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class. A. since B. so that C. unless 13.The teacher raised his voice _ all the students could hear him. A. for B. so that C. because 14 .We wont start _ Bob comes. A. until B .if C. unless 15. If you dont go to the park, I wont go, _. A. too B. also C. either 16. We saw his sister _ here at that moment. A. play B. played C. playing 17.When will she go home? She _ home until she finishes her work. A. wont go B. didnt go C. will go 18. Yesterday, they talked about something important _ the phone. A. in B. of C. on 19.My sister spends some time _ on weekends. A. reading B. to read C. reads 20.Lets go to the zoo ._. A. Hold on, please B. Of course C. Good idea 21.It seems that today is _ yesterday. Yes, you should wear a warm coat. A. as hot as B. as cold as C. so cold as 22. She looked _ when she heard the _ news. A. surprised; surprising B. surprising; surprised C. surprising; surprising 23.I cant find him. What should I do? Maybe you should _. A. call him up B. keep him out C. hear of him 三、完形填空 Many parents want their children to be famous one day. But do children have the same_1_? A new_2_Hi, Keai is on at Beijing Childrens Art Theatre. It tells the story of a boy called Keai. His parents would like him to become a painter or a _3_ one day. They teach him to _4_and to play the violin, but Keai doesnt enjoy these activities. Then one day Keais parents see Liu Xiang win a gold_5_ at the Athens Olympic Games, and they want him to be a sportsman. _6_do they want me to be someone else? Keai asks and says, I only want to be_7_. The play shows us