一般将来时态精讲.doc

。 一般将来时态精讲 （一）一般将来时的定义 一般将来时表示将来某个时间所发生动的作或存在的状态，也可表示将来经常或反复发生的动作，经常与表示将来的时间状语连用， 如：soon, tomorrow,next week, in a few days等。例如：Where will you be this time tomorrow? 明天这个时候你会在那儿？ 1. 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。例如: I will return the book in a few days. 我过几天会还这本书。 2. 表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。例如： They will go to the park every Sunday. 他们将每周日去公园。 （二）一般将来时的构成 一般将来时由“助动词shall/will+动词原形”构成。系动词am, is, are都用动词原形be。 1. shall用于第一人称后表示一般将来时，一般只限于肯定句和否定句中。shall通常用于第一人称后，由其构成的一般疑问句用来询问对方的意见，这时的shall不含将来含义，也不可被will替代。例如： Theres no one to answer the phone. What shall we do? 没有人接电话，我们该怎么办？ 2. 美国英语中，不论什么人称和数，一律用“will+动词原形”。在口语中，will常缩写为ll，与主语连写在一起。如：Ill, youll, hell, shell, well, theyll;而shall not常缩写为shant，will not常缩写为wont。 （三）一般将来时的结构 1. 肯定句 ：主语+shallwill+动词原形。 I shallwill work next year. 明年我将要工作了。 2. 否定句 ：主语+shall will+not+动词原形。 I wont tell anyone what you said. 你说的话我不会告诉任何人。 3. 一般疑问句 ：ShallWill+主语+动词原形 Will you leave for Beijing next week? 下周你将前往北京吗？ Yes, I will. 是的，我将要去。 No, I wont. 不，我不去。 4. 特殊疑问句 “特殊疑问词+一般疑问句”的语序，也就是“疑问词+will+主语+动词原形+其他成分？”。如果是对主语提问，则主语就不在句子中出现。例如： Who will leave for Beijing next week?下周谁将前往北京？ （四）There be 句型的一般将来时 There be 句型的一般将来时There will be表示“将来有”。 1. 肯定句：There will be+ 物+ 介词短语+其他。例如： There will be cars in peoples home in the future.将来人们的家里会很多的小汽车。 2. 否定句：There wont be + 物+介词短语+ 其他。例如： There wont be any trees in this place in two years.两年后这个地方就不会有树了。 3. 疑问句：Will there be +物+介词短语+其他? 例如： Will there be less pollution? 将来会有更少的污染吗？ Yes, there will.是的，会的。 No, there wont. 不，不会。 （五）be going to 表示将来 1.用来表示按计划或安排要发生的动作 We are going to have a class meeting this afternoon.今天下午我们打算开班会。 2.表示推测将要或肯定会发生的动作，有“准备；打算”的意思。含有be going to 结构的句子中往往有表示将来的时间状语。例如： Look at the black clouds. Its going to rain.看那些乌云，快要下雨了。 结构： 肯定句：主语 + be（am，is，are） + going to do sth. 否定句：主语 + be（am，is，are）+ not + going to do sth. 疑问句：Be（am，is，are）+ 主语 + going to do sth? Yes, 主语+ am/is/are. / No, 主语+ isnt/arent. / No, Im not. They are going to see the car factory next week. (肯定句) They are not going to see the car factory next week. (否定句) -Are they going to see the car factory next week? -Yes, they are. (No, they arent.) (一般疑问句及其回答) 注意：There is / are going to be. (注意句型中going to 后面的be不能改为have。) 常用来表示将有某事发生。例如： There is going to be a football match next Saturday in our school.下周六我们学校将有一场足球比赛。 （六） come, go, leave, arrive，take等表示位置移动的动词常用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作，它们很少与be going to 结构连用。例如： Miss Sun is coming tonight.今晚孙小姐要来。 （七）be going to 和will的区别 1. will表示说话人认为、相信、希望或假定要发生的事，不含任何具体的时间，可以指遥远的将来；而be going to 指有迹象表明某事即将发生或肯定发生，通常指很快就要发生的事情。 2. be gong to 和will均可表示意图，但事先考虑过的意图用be going to，不是事先考虑过的意图用will。 一般将来时练习 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be ( ) 2. Charlie _ here next month. A. isnt working B. doesnt working C. isnt going to working D. wont work ( ) 3. He _ very busy this week, he _ free next week. A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be ( ) 4. There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening. A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be ( ) 5. _ you _ free tomorrow? No. I _ free the day after tomorrow. A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be ( ) 6. Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday. A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give ( ) 7. Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? _. （不，不要。） A. No, you wont. B. No, you arent. C. No, please dont. D. No, please. ( ) 8. Where is the morning paper? I _ it for you at once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get ( ) 9. _ a concert next Saturday? A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are ( ) 10. If they come, we _ a meeting. A. have B. will have C. had D. would have ( ) 11. He _ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday. A. gives B. gave C. will giving D. is going to give ( ) 12. He _ to us as soon as he gets there. A. writes B. has written C. will write D. wrote ( ) 13. He _ in three days. A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. is going to coming back ( ) 14. If it _ tomorrow, well go roller-skating. A. isnt rain B. wont rain C. doesnt rain D. doesnt fine ( ) 15. Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow? No, _ （不去）. A. they willnt. B. they wont. C. they arent. D. they dont. ( ) 16. Who _ we _ swimming with tomorrow afternoon? A. will; go B. do; go C. will; going D. shall; go ( ) 17. We _ the work this way next time. A. do B. will do C. going to do D. will doing ( ) 18. Tomorrow he _ a kite in the open air first, and then _ boating in the park. A. will fly; will go B. will fly; goes C. is going to fly; will goes D. flies; will go ( ) 19. The day after tomorrow they _ a volleyball match. A. will watching B. watches C. is watching D. is going to watch ( ) 20. There _ a birthday party this Sunday. A. shall be B. will be C. shall going to be D. will going to be ( ) 21. They _ an English evening next Sunday. A. are having B. are going to have C. will having D. is going to have ( ) 22. _ you _ free next Sunday? A. Will; are B. Will; be C. Do; be D. Are; be ( ) 23. He _ there at ten tomorrow morning. A. will B. is C. will be D. be ( ) 24. _ your brother _ a magazine from the library? A. Are; going to borrow B. Is; going to borrow C. Will; borrows D. Are; going to borrows ( ) 25. Shall I come again tomorrow afternoon? _ （好的）. A. Yes, please B. Yes, you will. C. No, please. D. No, you wont. ( ) 26. It _ the year of the horse next year. A. is going to be B. is going to C. will be D. will is ( ) 27. _ open the window? A. Will you please B. Please will you C. You please D. Do you ( ) 28. Lets go out to play football, shall we? OK. I _. A. will coming B. be going to come C. come D. am coming ( ) 29. It _ us a long time to learn English well. A. takes B. will take C. spends D. will spend ( ) 30. The train _ at 11. A. going to arrive B. will be arrive C. is going to D. is arriving 二、动词填空 1. I _（leave）in a minute. I _（finish）all my work before I _ （leave）. 2. How long _ you _（study）in our country? I _（plan）to be here for about one more year. I _（hope）to visit the other parts of your country. What _ you _（do）after you _（leave）here? I _（return）home and _（get）a job. 3. I _（be）tired. I _（go）to bed early tonight. 4. Marys birthday is next Monday, her mother _（give）her a present. 5. It is very cold these days. It _（snow）soon. 6. _ you _（be）here this Saturday? No. I _（visit）my teacher. 7. _ I _（get）you a copy of todays newspaper? Thank you. 8. I am afraid there _（be）a meeting this afternoon. I cant join you. 9. Mike _（ not , believe）this until he _（see）it with his own eyes. 10. Most of us dont think their team _（win）. 三、句型转换。 1. People in the north often go skating in winter. （next winter） _ 2. There are two cinemas in that town. （next year） _ 3. He comes back late.（in two days） _ 4. She is a conductor of a train.（soon） _ 5. Li Ming is ten years old.（next year） _ 6. I sometimes write to my mother in the evening.（tonight） _ 7. He went there by plane.（some day next year） _ 8. China is a modern and strong country.（in twenty years） _ 9. Do you study hard?（from now on） _ 10. She didnt speak English at the meeting.（before long） _ 一般将来时态答案 一、单项选择。 1. C 2. D 3. D 4.D 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. B 11. D 12. C 13. C 14. C 15. B 16. D 17. B 18. A 19. D 20. B 21. B 2