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Automobile,Modern!Lovely!Comfortable!Convenient!Allwanttoownfortheirfirstsight!,But,howmuchdoyouknowaboutcars?,Car,VehiclehistoryBriefIntroductionofworldautosConceptioncar,Content,Vehiclehistory,TechnicalBackgroundMassproductionEvolutionofcarbody,TechnicalBackground-thecarriage,Beforetheautomobilecameout,thecarriagewasthebestland-basedhumantransport.,TechnicalBackground-industrialrevolution,AfterWattimprovedthesteamengine,FrenchArmyEngineerCugnotcreatedasteam-poweredtricycle.,GottliebDaimler(1834-1900),In1883,GottliebDaimlerinventedtheworldsfirstsuccessfulinternalcombustionengineswithhighcompressionratiowhichistheoriginatorofthemodernautomobileengine.,WiththeassistanceofhisbusinesspartnerWilhelmMaybach(迈巴赫),acarriageinstalledontheengineoftheirownwastheworldsfirstfour-wheeledpetrolcar.,DaimlerNO.1,KarlBenzwasawardedthepatentforitsinventionasofhisapplicationon29January1886.Thatdayisrecognizedasthebirthdayofthecar.,thepatent,TheBenzPatent-Motorwagen,builtin1886,iswidelyregardedasthefirstautomobile.,KarlFriedrichBenz卡尔弗里特立奇本茨,cars,Carsdidnotbecomewidelyavailableuntiltheearly20thcentury.Oneofthefirstcarsthatwasaccessibletothemasseswasthe1908ModelT,anAmericancarmanufacturedbytheFordMotorCompany.,Massproduction,Evolutionofcarbodysixstage,carttypeboxtypebeetletypeshiptypefishtypewedgetype,carttype,boxtype,In1915,Fordmotorcompanydesignedandproducedanewkindofcarbodywhichlookslikeabigbox.,beetletype,DrPorschefoundasmallanimalsnamedbeetlewhichnotonlycanclimbonthegroundbutalsocanflyintheair.Itsairresistanceisverysmall.DrPorscheusedthebeetlesappearancetocarmodelling.,shiptype,In1949,Fordmotorcompanydesigedanewtypewhichlookslikeaboat.Itssuccessisnotonlyinappearancedesignbutalsoinapplythetheoryofhumanbodyengineeringtothecarsintegral.Thistypesolvedtheproblemsofhorizontalwindunstable.,fishtype,Thistypehavealongertailtodecreasetheairendycurrent.Itretainstheadvantageofshiptype.Whenitrunningatahighspeed,theliftisstrong.,wedgetype,Peoplefindanewtipewhichnamedwedgetypetoovercomethestronglift.Thewholebodytiltforwardlowerpartandtherearisasflatasaknifetocutwith.,BriefIntroductionofworldautos,Ferrari(法拉利),FerrariS.p.A.isanItalianluxurysportscarmanufacturerbasedinMaranello(意大利马拉内罗).FoundedbyEnzoFerrariin1929,asScuderiaFerrari,thecompanysponsoreddriversandmanufacturedracecarsbeforemovingintoproductionofstreet-vehiclesasFerrariS.p.A.in1947.Throughoutitshistory,thecompanyhas,beennotedforitscontinuedparticipationinracing,especiallyinFormulaOne(F1),whereithashadgreatsuccess.Ferrariroadcarsaregenerallyseenasasymbolofspeed,luxuryandwealth.,Porsche(保时捷),PorscheAGisaGermanautomobilemanufacturerspecializinginhigh-performancesportscars,supercars,hypercars,andlatelySUVsandsedans.PorscheAGisheadquarteredinStuttgart(斯图加特市),andisownedbyVolkswagenAG.ThecurrentPorschemodelsincludethe911,Boxster,Cayman,Panamera,Cayenne,Macan,andthe918.,MercedesBenz(奔驰),Mercedes-BenzisaGermanautomobilemanufacturer,amultinationaldivisionoftheGermanmanufacturerDaimlerAG(戴姆勒集团).Thebrandisusedforluxuryautomobiles,buses,coaches,andtrucks.TheheadquartersofMercedes-BenzisinStuttgart,Germany(德国斯图加特).,BMW(宝马),BMWisheadquarteredinMunich,Bavaria(慕尼黑市,巴伐利亚州).ItalsoownsandproducesMinicars,andistheparentcompanyofRolls-RoyceMotorCars.,BavarianMotorWorks,commonlyknownasBMWorBMWAG,isaGermanautomobile,motorcycleandenginemanufacturingcompanyfoundedin1916.,Cadillac(凯迪拉克),Cadillac,formallytheCadillacMotorCarDivision,isadivisionofU.S.-basedGeneralMotorsCompany(GM通用汽车公司)thatmarketsluxuryvehiclesworldwide.Historically,CadillacautomobileshavealwaysbeentheluxuryiconwithintheUnitedStatesofAmerica.,奥迪,AudiAGisaGermanautomobilemanufacturerthatdesigns,engineers,produces,marketsanddistributesluxuryautomobiles.AudioverseesworldwideoperationsfromitsheadquartersinIngolstadt,Germany(德国英戈尔施塔特).Audi-brandedvehiclesareproducedinnineproductionfacilitiesworldwide.,Lamborghini(兰博基尼),AutomobiliLamborghiniS.p.A.isanItalianbrandandmanufacturerofluxurysportscarsand,formerly,SUVs,whichisownedbytheVolkswagenGroup(大众集团)throughitssubsidiarybranddivisionAudi.LamborghinisproductionfacilityandheadquartersarelocatedinSantAgataBolognese,Italy(意大利圣亚加塔波隆尼).,socool,doyouthinkso?,Doyouwanttobuyacarlikethem?,ConceptionCar,概念车,TheconceptvehiclewillnotbeavehicletypewhichEpwillgointoproduction,itmerelywillbetothepeopledemonstratedwilldesignthepersonneltobenovel,uniquely,inadvanceidea.,概念车不是Ep将投产的车型,它仅仅是向人们展示设计人员新颖、独特、超前的构思而已。,Theconceptvehicleisthetimenewestautomobilescienceandtechnologyachievement,willberepresentingthefutureautomobiledevelopmentdirection,thereforeitdemonstratedthefunctionandthesignificancewillbeverybig,willbeabletogivethepersontoinspireandthepromotionmutuallyprofitsfromthestudy.Becausetheconceptvehiclehasinadvanceidea,hasmanifestedtheuniquecreativity,andhasappliedthenewesttechnicalachievement,thereforeitsconnoisseurshipvalueisextremelyhigh.,概念车是时代的最新汽车科技成果,代表着未来汽车的发展方向,因此它展示的作用和意义很大,能够给人以启发并促进相互借鉴学习。因为概念车有超前的构思,体现了独特的创意,并应用了最新科技成果,所以它的鉴赏价值极高。,概念车是汽车中内容最丰富、最深刻、最前卫、最能代表世界汽车科技发展和设计水平的汽车。因而概念车也是艺术性最强、最具吸引力的汽车。,Theconceptvehicleisintheautomobilethecontentrichest,ismostprofound,themostvanguard,mostcanrepresenttheworldautomobilescienceandtechnologydevelopmentandthedesignlevelautomobile.Thustheconceptvehiclealsoistheartistryisstrongest,mosthastheattractiontheautomobile.,Theusualconceptvehicleminuteistwokinds,onekindthegenuineautomobilewhichiscanrun,anotherkinddesignstheconceptualmodel.,通常概念车分为两种,一种是能跑的真正汽车,另一种是设计概念模型。,第一种比较接近于批量生产,其先进技术已步入试验并逐步走向实用化,因而一般在5年左右可成为公司投产的新产品。,Thefirstkindisquiteclosetothevolumeproduction,itsvanguardtechnologymarchedintotheexperimentandmovestowardsthepracticalapplicationgradually,thusmaybecomethenewproductgenerallyabout5yearswhichthecompanygoesintoprod
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