厄尔尼诺计算方式.doc

YearDJFJFMFMAMAMAMJMJJJJAJASASOSONONDNDJ1950-1.7-1.5-1.3-1.4-1.3-1.1-0.8-0.8-0.8-0.9-0.9-1.01951-1.0-0.9-0.6-0.3-0.20.20.40.70.70.80.70.619520.30.10.10.20.1-0.1-0.3-0.3-0.2-0.2-0.10.019530.20.40.50.50.50.50.40.40.40.40.40.419540.50.3-0.1-0.5-0.7-0.7-0.8-1.0-1.2-1.1-1.1-1.11955-1.0-0.9-0.9-1.0-1.0-1.0-1.0-1.0-1.4-1.8-2.0-1.91956-1.3-0.9-0.7-0.6-0.6-0.6-0.7-0.8-0.8-0.9-0.9-0.81957-0.5-0.10.30.60.70.90.90.90.91.01.21.519581.71.51.20.80.60.50.30.10.00.00.20.419590.40.50.40.20.0-0.2-0.4-0.5-0.4-0.3-0.2-0.21960-0.3-0.3-0.3-0.2-0.2-0.2-0.10.0-0.1-0.2-0.2-0.21961-0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 -0.3 -0.6 -0.6 -0.5 -0.4 1962-0.4 -0.4 -0.4 -0.5 -0.4 -0.4 -0.3 -0.3 -0.5 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7 1963-0.6 -0.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1964 0.8 0.4 -0.1 -0.5 -0.8 -0.8 -0.9 -1.0 -1.1 -1.2 -1.2 -1.0 1965 -0.8 -0.4 -0.2 0.0 0.3 0.6 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.5 1966 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 1967 -0.4 -0.4 -0.6 -0.5 -0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.5 -0.4 -0.5 1968 -0.7 -0.9 -0.8 -0.7 -0.3 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.9 1969 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.7 1970 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.3 -0.6 -0.8 -0.9 -0.8 -0.9 -1.1 1971-1.3 -1.3 -1.1 -0.9 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8 -0.9 -1.0 -0.9 1972-0.7 -0.4 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.8 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.8 2.0 2.1 19731.8 1.2 0.5 -0.1 -0.6 -0.9 -1.1 -1.3 -1.4 -1.7 -2.0 -2.1 1974-1.9 -1.7 -1.3 -1.1 -0.9 -0.8 -0.6 -0.5 -0.5 -0.7 -0.9 -0.7 1975-0.6 -0.6 -0.7 -0.8 -0.9 -1.1 -1.2 -1.3 -1.5 -1.6 -1.7 -1.7 1976-1.6-1.2-0.8-0.6-0.5-0.20.10.30.50.70.80.719770.60.50.20.20.20.40.40.40.50.60.70.719780.70.40.0-0.3-0.4-0.4-0.4-0.4-0.4-0.3-0.2-0.11979-0.10.00.10.10.1-0.10.00.10.30.40.50.519800.50.30.20.20.30.30.20.0-0.1-0.10.0-0.11981-0.3-0.5-0.5-0.4-0.3-0.3-0.4-0.4-0.3-0.2-0.1-0.119820.00.10.10.30.60.70.71.01.51.92.22.319832.32.01.51.21.00.60.2-0.2-0.6-0.8-0.9-0.71984-0.4-0.2-0.2-0.3-0.5-0.4-0.3-0.2-0.3-0.6-0.9-1.11985-0.9-0.8-0.7-0.7-0.7-0.6-0.5-0.5-0.5-0.4-0.3-0.41986-0.5-0.4-0.2-0.2-0.10.00.30.50.70.91.11.219871.21.31.21.11.01.21.41.61.61.51.31.119880.70.50.1-0.2-0.7-1.2-1.3-1.2-1.3-1.6-1.9-1.91989-1.7-1.5-1.1-0.8-0.6-0.4-0.3-0.3-0.3-0.3-0.2-0.119900.10.20.20.20.20.20.30.30.30.30.30.419910.40.30.30.40.60.81.00.90.91.01.41.619921.81.61.51.41.20.80.50.20.0-0.10.00.219930.30.40.60.70.80.70.40.40.40.40.30.219940.20.20.30.40.50.50.60.60.70.91.21.319951.20.90.70.40.30.20.0-0.2-0.5-0.6-0.7-0.71996-0.7-0.7-0.5-0.3-0.1-0.10.0-0.1-0.1-0.2-0.3-0.41997-0.4-0.30.00.40.81.31.72.02.22.42.52.519982.31.91.51.00.50.0-0.5-0.8-1.0-1.1-1.3-1.41999-1.4-1.2-0.9-0.8-0.8-0.8-0.9-0.9-1.0-1.1-1.3-1.62000-1.6-1.4-1.0-0.8-0.6-0.5-0.4-0.4-0.4-0.5-0.6-0.72001-0.6-0.5-0.4-0.2-0.10.10.20.20.10.0-0.1-0.12002-0.10.10.20.40.70.80.91.01.11.31.51.420031.20.90.50.1-0.10.10.40.50.60.50.60.420040.40.30.20.20.30.50.70.80.90.80.80.820050.7 0.50.40.40.40.40.40.30.2-0.1-0.4-0.72006-0.7-0.6-0.4-0.10.10.20.30.50.60.91.11.120070.80.40.1-0.1-0.1-0.1-0.1-0.4-0.7-1.0-1.1-1.32008-1.4-1.4-1.1-0.8-0.6-0.4-0.10.00.00.0-0.3-0.62009-0.8-0.7-0.5-0.10.20.60.70.80.91.21.51.820101.71.51.20.8 0.3-0.2-0.6-1.0-1.3-1.4-1.4-1.42011-1.3-1.2-0.9-0.6-0.20.0厄尔尼诺是与拉尼娜现象相对的一种异常气候，按照历史的标准它的定义为太平洋厄尔尼诺系数（ONI）高于历史平均值0.5以上，且持续5个月以上即为一次完整的厄尔尼诺现象。ONI称为太平洋厄尔尼诺系数，其中O表示ocean (海洋）；N表示nino；I表示index。它是基于厄尔尼诺3.4区域海水表面温度偏离平均值的系数，是评价与预测厄尔尼诺现象的主要指标。厄尔尼诺3.4区域如下图所示：