2019年上海市闵行区高考英语一模试卷.doc

2019年上海市闵行区高考英语一模试卷Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A， you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation， a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it， read the four possible answers on your paper， and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.第1-10每题（1分）；第11-20每题（1.5分）1（1分）A By carB On footC By busD By bike2（1分）A A policemanB A postmanC A doctorD A teacher3（1分）A He didnt sleep well last nightB He did too much work last nightC He went to bed late last nightD He worked late with his work4（1分）A The man has just missed his flightB The plane is delayed due to bad weatherC The plane will leave at 9：14D The departure time is unknown5（1分）A Offering a suggestionB Starting an argumentC Stopping a fightD Correcting a mistake6（1分）A Apply for a discountB Read the agreementC Fill in the application formD Buy a certain product7（1分）A The woman was too tired to see the TV programmeB The man missed part of the TV programmeC Both of the speakers found the TV programme boringD The man regretted wasting time on the TV programme8（1分）A Select the dataB Revise the reportCCollect more dataD Present the report9（1分）A Go to bed earlierB Learn how to be attentiveC Spend more time outdoorsD Take her job more seriously10（1分）A He feels sorry for the studentsB He is strongly against the punishmentC He approves of the professors actionD He offers an option to stop cheatingSection BDirections：In Section B， you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation， and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice， but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question， read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.11（4.5分）（1）A Volunteer work and studyB Work and relaxationC Adventurous trip and projectD Cultural study and local visiting（2）A It offers ways to learn a new languageB It helps broaden your horizonsC It guarantees you to earn moneyD It might take you to unusual places（3）A Volunteering in foreign countriesB Ways to spend a working holidayC Great places for a working holidayD The concept of a working holiday12（4.5分）（1）A CommittedB FlexibleC IndependentD Agreeable（2）A They easily get wounded when doing exerciseB They feel uncomfortable when they are observedC They are serious about their exercise planD They are suitable to take up cooperative sports（3）A To help people understand what personality type they areB To explain how personal characteristics affect exercise habitsC To identify the dangers of doing the wrong type of exerciseD To describe different types of exercises available at present13（6分）（1）A Student opinions on a biology programB The present situation of biology educationC The treatment and status of biology professorsD The quality of biology laboratory equipment（2）A Incapable teaching staffB Inaccessible laboratoryC Insufficient budgetD Unmotivated students（3）A Its unsuitable for complex experimentsB Its too complicated to useC Its more than satisfactoryD Its much better than expected（4）A The professorsshould be more devoted to the programB Some professors may go elsewhere to teachC Some professors cant get budge to conduct experimentsD The professors arent academically recognizedGrammar and vocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.14（10分）We want our children to succeed in school and， perhaps even more importantly， in life But the paradox（悖论） is that our children can only truly succeed （1） they first learn how to fail Consider the finding that worldclass figure skaters fall over more often in practice than lowlevel figure skaters Why are the really good skaters falling over the most？ The reason is actually quite simple Top skaters are constantly challenging themselves in practice （2） （stretch） their limitations， they keep trying their best They fall over so often， but it is precisely why they learn so fast Lowerlevel skaters have a quite different approach They are always attempting jumps they can already do very easily， （3） （remain） within their comfort zone This is why they dont fall over In a superficial sense， they look successful， because they are always on their feet Never （4） （fail） in practice prevents them from making progress （5） is true of skating is also true of life James Dyson worked through 5，126 prototypes （原型） for his newest vacuum before coming up with the design（6） made his fortune These failures were essential to the pathway of learning As Dyson put（7） ： You cant develop new technologyunless you test new ideas and learn when things go wrong Failure is essential to invention In healthcare， however， things are very different Clinicians dont like to admit to failure， partly because they have strongegos （自我） particularly the senior doctorsand partly because they fear litigation （诉讼） The consequence is that （8） learning from failure， healthcare often covers up failure The direct consequence is that the same mistakes （9） （repeat） According to the Journal of Patient Safety， 400，000 people die every year in American hospitals alone due to preventable error （10） healthcare learns to respond positively to failure， things will not improveSection BDirections： Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.评分标准：每题（1分）15（10分）A declaredB surviveC individualizedD advocatedE signalF significantlyG dominatedH contrastI supposedlyJ apartK inseparableTheyre still kids， and although theres a lot that the experts dont yet know about them， one thing they do agree on is that what the kids use and expect from their world has changed rapidly And its all because of technology To the psychologists， sociologists， and media experts who study them， their digital devices set this new group （1） ， even from their Millennial （千禧年的） elders， who are quite familiar with technology They want to be constantly connected and available in a way even their older brothers and sisters dont quite get These differences may seem slight， but they （2） the appearance of a new generation The （3） between Millennialelders and this younger group was so evident to psychologist Larry Rosen that he has （4） the birth of a new generation in a new book， Rewired： Understanding the ingeneration and the Way They Learn， out next month Rosen says the technically （5） life experience of those born since the early 1990s is so different from the Millennial elders he wrote about in his 2007 book， Me， MySpace and I： Parenting the Net Generation， that they distinguishthemselves as a new generation， which he hasgiven them the nickname of ingeneration Rosen says portability is the key They are （6） from their wireless devices， which allow them to text as well as talk， so they can be constantly connectedeven in class， where cell phones are （7） banned Many researchers are trying to determine whether technology somehow causes the brains of young people to be wired differently They should be distracted and should perform more poorly than they do， Rosen says But findings show teens （8） distractions much better than we would predict by their age and their brain development Because these kids are more devoted to technology at younger ages， Rosen says， the educational system has to change（9） The growth on the use of technology with children is very rapid， and we run the risk of being out of step with this generation as far as how they learn and how they think We have to give them options because they want their world（10） ， Rosen saysReading ComprehensionSection ADirections： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.评分标准：每题（1分）16（15分）After my public lectures on evolution， someone in the audience asks， Are we still evolving？ People want to know if humans are getting taller， smarter， better looking or more athletic My answer is truthful but（1） ： Were almost certainly evolving， but we dont know in what （2） or how fast Weve seen some evolution in our species over the past few millennia， but it was detected by reconstructing history from DNA sequences For example， we know that during the past 10，000 years， several populations of humans those keeping sheep， cows or goats for milk gained the ability to digest dairy products This quality was （3） in our earlier ancestors who， after babyhood， never encountered milk And in the past 3，000 years， Tibetans have acquired （4） adaptations that allowed them to develop well in their highaltitude， lowoxygen home But these welldocumented changes are limited to particular populations， so the （5） for recent evolution of our entire species， remains not much The authors of Evolving Ourselves（6） Not only， they claim， are we evolving faster than ever， but were doing it to ourselves Juan Enriquez and Steve Gullans argue that humans have（7） evolution not just in our own species but virtually in all species： For better or worse， we are increasingly in charge We are the primary drivers of（8） We will directly and indirectly determine what lives， what dies， where， and when We are in a different phase of evolution： the future of life is now（9） According to the authors， weve replaced natural selection with what they call （10） selection Overfishing， for example， has reduced the average size of many fish species， for taking the biggest fishes is （11） those smaller fishes Yet while theres no doubt that were changing the planet， the claim that were completely changing evolution on the planet（12） Lets take those fish that are evolving to reproduce smaller and younger for example This（13） has been documented in many species that we eat， but this is just a minuscule fraction （极小的一部分） of the 30，000 known species of fish The authors speak with （14） assurance about how our species is evolving in response to nearly everything When they claim， for example， our ingestion （摄取） of drugs and exposure to chemicals mean that our childrens brains are evolving fast， they are abusing （滥用） the word （15） Our childrens brains may be changing fast in response to the new pharmacological （药理学的） environment， but change alone is not evolution（1）A instructiveB disappointingC decisiveD conflicting（2）A directionB regionC frequencyD condition（3）A beneficialB adaptableC uniqueD useless（4）A unprovedB changeableC geneticD mysterious（5）A studyB evidenceC interestD implication（6）A disagreeB supportC followD approve（7）A delayedB overdoneC neglectedD controlled（8）A unbalanceB disasterC changeD disturbance（9）A in our handsB out of orderC in peaceD out of control（10）A destructiveB unnaturalC adventurousD emotional（11）A by means ofB at the cost ofC in favor ofD for the protection of（12）A makes no senseB makes great impressionC calls attentionD comes to an end（13）A problemB mistakeC phenomenonD obstacle（14）A strongB baselessC sensitiveD persuasive（15）A environmentB technologyC exposureD evolutionSection BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.17（8分） Once again DC Comics and Warner Bros have divided fans and critics over their latest superhero film There had been worrying news about Justice League in the months before its release， with a lot of reshoots of scenes， a new director being brought in to finish the film after original director Zack Snyders tragic loss of his daughter and， of course， a lot of talk about Ben Afflecks future in the role of Batman Some people are saying that Justice League is another big disappointment， that it could have been incredible and instead fails to really entertain Others say that Warner Bros have finally got it right and that the future for the League looks bright My opinion lies somewhere in the middle The film was by no means a disappointment： it was exciting， funny and a lot of fun to watch Theres something special about watching the heroes from your childhood brought to life on the big screen and maybe that is affecting my opinion However， I will say that a lot of work needs to be done if the producer wants to make a great success Although the film was good， it was obvious which scenes had been reshot and how the characters had been changed I also have to mention the several scenes in which the special effects were very badly done； these are the kinds of problems that you dont expect to see in a film with such a big budget Another point to add is that it is good to see the producer making Superman slightly a brighter character and adding some jokes to the plot to keep things fun But the producer must be careful not to make the mistake that another film producerhere， not mentioning the nameis coming very close to doing： turning all of the films into bright and colorful shows and losing a lot of seriously good stories In the end， Justice League is not a perfect film but it is definitely not a terrible one A lot of work is still to be done but I hope that DC does not completely lose its darker side（1）Before the release of Justice League， many people showed their A pity for the director， Zack SnyderB concern about the films qualityC higher expectation of the new directorD support for the actor， Ben Affleck（2）According to the author， whats special about Justice League？ A It advocates social justiceB It brings lots of fun to the audienceC It has some brave heroesD It brings back childhood memories（3）In Paragraph 5the author mainly wants to express his A views on the films weaknessB advice to the films directorC love for the filmD expectation of the films sequels（4）The author mentioned another film producer to A stress the importance of fun in a filmB show Justice Leagues lack of a serious plotC serve as a warning to the producer of Justice LeagueD set an example for the producer of Justice League18（6分）（1）According to the passage， it is good habit to when you are writing your emailA include all of your social network linksB send your emails to all of your coworkersC use different font size to make the massage vividD keep the subject line brief（2）Which of the following statements might the author agree with？ A The subject line is filled with Hey instead of being left blankB Using capitals is acceptable when offering congratulationsC You are supposed to reply to only one person at a timeD Social network links should be included in your signature（3）In which of the following sentences does the phrase cry wolf is correctly used？ A Economists are just crying wolf while actually the economic future is not so badB The government is always crying wolf and has never kept the promise to reduce taxesC He cried wolf when he received a letter saying that his application had been rejectedD He just cried wolf in comforting her when he didnt know what had really happened19（8分）The recession （衰退） of 200809 was remarkable in rich countries for its intensity， the followingrecovery for its weaknessThe labour market has also broken the rules， as new research from the OECD， a thinktank of mainly rich countries， shows in its annual Employment Outlook Young people always suffer in recessions Employers stop hiring them； and they often get rid of new recruits because they are easier to dismiss But in previous episodes， such as the recessions of the 1970s， 1980s and 1990s， older workers were also kicked off This time is different During the financial crisis in 2008， and since， they have done better than other age groups The researchers focus on movements in nonemployment as a share of the total population in three age groups between the final quarters of 2007 and 2012 This measure has the advantage of including not just unemployment， where people are looking for work， but also inactivity， where people are not seeking jobs Whereas the average nonemployment rate in the OECD has risen by four percentage points among young people and by oneandahalf points among 25to 54yearolds， it has fallen by two points among the 5564 age group Why have older employees done so well？ In some southern European countries they benefit from job protection not afforded to younger workers， but that did not really help them in past recessions What has changed