一般将来时和过去将来时.doc

.一般将来时的构成和用法一般将来时主要有以下几种表现形式由助动词shall或will加动词原形构成，shall 用于第一人称，will用于第二、三人称。除英国外的说英语的国家，在陈述句中，即使在第一人称一般也用will，在英国也有这种趋势。在口语中，常用shall, will的缩写形式为ll, 如：Ill, youll等。Shall not的缩写式为:shant, will not 的缩写式为：wont. 肯定句：I/We shall/will go. You/He/She/They will go. 否定句：I/We shall/will not go. You/He/She/They will not go. 疑问句：Shall I/we go? Will you/he/she/they go?一般将来时用法（1）一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或情况。例如：I will(shall) arrive tomorrow.我明天到。 Will you be free tonight? 你今晚有空吗？ We wont (shant) be busy this evening. 我们今晚不忙。（2）在一般将来时的句子中，有时有表示将来时间的状语，有时没有时间状语，这时要从意思上判断是否指未来的动作或情况。例如： Will she come? 她（会）来吗？ Well only stay for two weeks. 我们只待两星期。 The meeting wont last long. 会开不了多久。（3）在以第一人称I或we作主语的问句中，一般使用助动词shall，这时或是征求对方的意见(a)，或是询问一个情况(b)： a. Where shall we meet? 我们在哪儿碰头？ b. Shall we have any classes tomorrow?明天我们有课吗？ 在这类问句中，近年来也有不少人用will，特别是在美国。例如：How will I get there? 我怎么去？（4）be going to+动词原形 a.表示打算、准备做的事。例如： We are going to put up a building here.我们打算在这里盖一座楼。 How are you going to spend your holidays?假期你准备怎样过？ b.表示即将发生或肯定要发生的事。例如： I think it is going to snow. 我看要下雪了。 Theres going to be a lot of trouble about this. 这事肯定会有很多麻烦。 c.“will”句型与“be going to”句型，前者表示纯粹将来，后者表示打算、计划、准备做的事情，更强调主语的主观意愿。例如： Tomorrow will be Saturday. 明天是周六了。We are going to visit Paris this summer.今年夏天我们打算游览巴黎。Exercise 1 ( ) 1. There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be ( ) 2. Charlie _ here next month. A. isnt working B. doesnt working C. isnt going to working D. wont work ( ) 3. He _ very busy this week, he _ free next week. A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be ( ) 4. There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening. A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be ( ) 5. _ you _ free tomorrow? No. I _ free the day after tomorrow. A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be ( ) 6. Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday. A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give ( ) 7. Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? _. （不，不要。） A. No, you wont. B. No, you arent. C. No, please dont. D. No, please.( ) 8. Where is the morning paper? I _ if for you at once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get ( ) 9. _ a concert next Saturday? A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are( ) 10. If they come, we _ a meeting. A. have B. will have C. had D. would haveExercise 21. I _（leave）in a minute. I _（finish）all my work before I _ （leave）.2. How long _ you _（study）in our country?I _（plan）to be here for about one more year.I _（hope）to visit the other parts of your country.What _ you _（do）after you _（leave）here?I _（return）home and _（get）a job.3. I _（be）tired. I _（go）to bed early tonight.4. Marys birthday is next Monday, her mother _（give）her a present.过去将来时的构成和用法过去将来时由“助动词would/should+动词原形”构成，表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。一、过去将来时的构成：过去将来时的构成和一般将来时的构成一样，只要把助动词will，shall变为过去式即可：1.过去将来时的肯定句。句型：主语+would/should+动词原形+.例：Shewassixty-six.Afterthreeyearsshewouldbesixty-nine. （她66岁了。3年后，她将69岁。） HeaskedmeifIwouldgoabroad. (他问我是否会出国。)2.过去将来时的否定句。句型：主语+would/should+not+动词原形+.例：Shetoldusthatshewouldnotgowithusifitrained.(她告诉我们，如果下雨，她就不和我们一起去了。)3.过去将来时的疑问句。句型：Would/Should+主语+动词原形+?疑问词+would/should+主语+动词原形+.例：WouldIdinewithhim?Ithoughtaboutitbefore.(是否跟他一起吃饭呢？我之前考虑过这个问题。) Ididntknowhowtodoit.Whatwouldbetheirideas? (我不知如何去做。他们会有什么想法呢？)二、过去将来时的基本用法。1.表示过去习惯性的动作或状态。例：IwouldplaywithhimwhenIwasachild.（当我还是孩童时，总是和他一起玩。）2.用于间接引语及宾语从句中。例：Hesaidhewouldworkforthatbossthenextyear.(他说下一年他打算为那个老板工作了。)Exercise 3 选择填空1.LiMingsaidhe_happyifBrian_toChinanextmonth. A.as;come B.was;wouldcome C.wouldbe;came D.willbe;come2.Jennysaidshe_herholidayinChina. A.spent B.wouldspent C.wasgoingtospent D.wouldspend3.Whatdidyoursonsayintheletter? Hetoldmethathe_theDisneyWorldthenextday. A.willvisitB.hasvisitedC.isgoingtovisitD.wouldvisit4.IhopedTina_tomybirthdaypartyontimethenextWednesday. A.tocome B.iscoming C.willcome D.wascoming5.Fathersaidthathe_metoBeijingthenextyear. A.took B.wouldtake C.takes D.willtake6.Wewerenotsurewhetherthey_morevegetables. A.aregoingtogrow B.weregoingtogrow C.willgrowD.havegrown7.She_toworkwhenthetelephonerang. A. isgoing B.willgo C.wasabouttogo D.istogo8Theteacher_whenIcameintotheclassroom. Aisdrawing Bdraws Chasdrawn Dwasdrawing9Thepizza_bymymother.Wouldyouliketohavesome? Amakes Bwasmaking Cmade Dwasmade10Nobodynoticedwhatshe_atthemoment. Awilldo Bwasdoing Chasdone Dhaddone11Wasitraininghardwhenyou_thismorning? Aleft Bleaves Cwasleaving DwouldleaveExercise 4 用所给动词的适当形式填空1.MissZhangsaidshe_(visit)theGreatWallnextsummer.2. Shetoldhimthatshe_(notstay)hereforlong.3.IwasntsurewhetherLucy_(come)thenextyear.4.Thes