听力教程Ⅲ原文---Unit 13.doc

Unit 13 Section One Tactics for Listening Part 1 Spot dictation EncouragementMaybe when Im a hundred, Ill get used to having everything I do (1) taken for granted, a young homemaker (2) confided to her neighbor. If Bill would (3) compliment me once in a while, (4) hed make my life much happier. Few of us realize how much we need (5) encouragement. Yet we must bask* in the warmth of (6) approval now and then or lose our self-confidence. All of us need to feel (7) needed and admired. But unless we hear words of praise from someone else, how can we know that we are (8) valued friends or co-workers? Anyone who wants to improve his relationships with others need only show a (9) sympathetic understanding. The way to express this understanding and to give others the feeling of (10) importance and worthiness boils down to* this: always look for something in the other person you can (11) admire and praise - and tell him about it. We each have a mental picture of ourselves, a (12) self-image. To find life reasonably satisfying, that self-image must be one we can (13) live with, one we can like. When we are proud of our self-image, we feel (14) confident and free to be ourselves. We function at our best. When we are (15) ashamed of our self-image, we attempt to (16) hide it rather than express it. We become / (17) hostile and hard to get along with. The (18) effects of praise can be great indeed. Praise (19) transformed the ice-cube members into warmhearted (20) human beings. Exercise Directions: Listen to the passage and fill in the blanks with what you hear. (Refer to Tapescript) Part2 listening for GistFour out of five of all children who got leukemia* in 1960 died. Now four out of every five survive. The secret of this miraculous change is the rosy periwinkle*, a forest flower which tribal doctors had used for centuries. The United States National Cancer Institute has identified more than 2,000 tropical rainforest plants with ability to fight cancer. In fact, about 4,000 of all drugs given out in the United States today owe much of their strength to chemicals from wildlife, largely from the rainforest. Other drugs include quinine, which comes from a South American tree, and sufferers from high blood pressure get relief from the snakeroot* plant from Indian forests. The armadillo*, of South America is helping us find a cure for leprosy*. Exercise Directions: Listen to the passage and write down the gist and the key words that help you decide. 1) This passage is about some wildlife from forests that can be used in the treatment of certain diseases. 2) The key words are leukemia. survive: change. forest flower: 2.000 tropical rainforest vlants, fight cancer. quinine. a South American tree: high blood pressure. snakeroot: armadillo. leprosy. Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart1 dialogueHow to Succeed Dario: I think the most important thing you must have to succeed in Italy is er . of course, you have to be ambitious, because if you are not ambitious you cant reach your aim, your target. And you must have also a natural ability*, because you must adapt yourself and your work and er . enjoy your work, of course. And Italian people are used to working a lot and to doing hard work. Of course you must also know the right people because if you want a job and you dont know anybody you have to work much harder. Interviewer: So if you were going to choose one factor, Dario, which one do you think would be the most important? Could you choose one? Dario: Yes, ambition. interviewer: Thank you. (Dialogue B) Sue: I think that to be successful in Spain you need ambition, because its what makes you want to work and do something different. And I think natural ability is also important. To be a good musician and to succeed I think that you must have something special. And I think that knowing the right people is important because it can save you a lot of time. You dont spend so much time trying to get something if you know people that can help you. Interviewer: What would you say is the most important thing? Sue: Ambition I think is the most important. (Dialogue C) Taylor: I think the most important things are hard work, and good education, and natural ability. The Japanese have a traditional culture and we think that working industriously is a virtue, so laziness cannot be accepted by society. And a good education - anyone who wants to and who makes the effort can enter the famous universities, so er . when we estimate someones ability we look at whether hes graduated from university or not. But if someone wants to succeed, of course he needs ambition and natural ability. Interviewer: So for you, which is the most important factor? Taylor: Oh, in Japan, hard work, definitely. Exercise Directions: You are going to listen to three people talking about how they succeeded in different countries. Take notes and complete the following grid. Country Profession Quality required The most important factor A Italy - Ambitious, adaptive, communicative Ambition B Spain Musician Ambitious, having natural ability, being Ambition able to know the right people C Japan Hard working, well-educated, ambitious, Hard work having natural ability Part 2 passageGlobal Economy of the 21st Century 1) The move toward a global economy has been further strengthened by the widespread adoption of liberal economic policies. 2) Current trends suggest that the world is moving rapidly toward an economic system that is more favorable for the practice of international business. 3) The world may be moving toward a more global economic system, but globalization is not inevitable. 4) It is simply worth noting that even from a purely economic perspective, globalization is not all good. 5) The opportunities for doing business in a global economy may be significantly enhanced, but the risks associated with global financial contagion are greater. The last quarter of the century has seen rapid changes in the global economy. Barriers to the free flow of goods, services, and capital have been coming down. The volume of cross-border trade and investment has been growing more rapidly than global output, indicating that national economies are becoming more closely integrated into a single, interdependent, global economic system. As their economies advance, more nations and areas are joining the ranks of the developed world. A generation ago, South Korea and Singapore were viewed as second-tier developing areas. Now they boast powerful economies, and their firms are major players in many global industries from shipbuilding and steel to electronics and chemicals. The move toward a global economy has been further strengthened by the widespread adoption of liberal economic policies by countries that for two generations or more were firmly opposed to them. Thus, following the normative prescriptions of liberal economic ideology, in country after country we are seeing state-owned businesses privatized, widespread deregulation*, markets being opened to more competition, and increased commitment to removing barriers to cross-border trade and investment. This suggests that over the next few decades, countries such as the Czech Republic, Poland, Brazil, China, and South Africa may build powerful market-oriented economies. In short, current trends suggest that the world is moving rapidly toward an economic system that is more favorable for the practice of international business. On the other hand, it is always hazardous to take established trends and use them to predict the future. The world may be moving toward a more global economic system, but globalization is not inevitable. Countries may pull back from the recent commitment to liberal economic ideology if their experiences do not match their expectations. Clearly, this would be a tougher world for international businesses to compete in. Moreover, greater globalization brings with it risks of its own. This was starkly demonstrated in 1997 and 1998 when a financial crisis in Thailand spread first to other East Asian nations and then in 1998 to Russia and Brazil. Ultimately the crisis threatened to plunge the economies of the developed world, including the United States, into a recession. It is simply worth noting that even from a purely economic perspective*, globalization is not all good. The opportunities for doing business in a global economy may be significantly enhanced, but as we saw in 1997-1998, the risks associated with global financial contagion* are also greater. Still, there are ways for firms to exploit the opportunities associated with globalization, while at the same time reducing the risks through appropriate hedging* strategies. Exercise A Pre-listening Question The following two factors must be taken into consideration although there are many others which will decide the future of the development. One is that the food and energy situation will become worse and worse with the increasing world population. The other is that our living environment has now been heavily polluted as a result of the booming of modem industries. People allover the world are now facing the pressures to preserve the environment. For example, rains of bitter taste sometimes mixed with fine grains of sand, black as coal, have been falling upon the roofs, hills and fields, rivers and lakes. Exercise B Sentence Dictation Directions: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times. Exercise C Detailed Listening Directions: Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences. 1) The rapid changes have taken place in the past 25 years in the global economy because barriers to the free flow of goods, services, and capital have been coming down. 2) The volume of cross-border trade and investment results in establishing a single, interdependent, and global economic system. 3) The examples of economic development in South Korea and Singapore show that more nations are joining the ranks of the developed world. 4) The move towards a global economy has been further strengthened by the widespread adoption of liberal economic policies. 5) The current trends indicate that the world is moving rapidly to an economic system that is more favorable for the practice of international business. 6) This world would be a tougher world for international businesses to compete in if some countries pull back from the recent commitment to liberal economic ideology because their experiences do not match their expectations. 7) What we can learn from the East Asia financial crisis in 1998 is that globalization brings risks of its own. The writer still believes that there are ways for companies to exploit the opportunities associated with globalization in the 21st centuryExercise D After-listening Discussion Directions: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions. 1) Greater globalization brings with it risks of its own. This was starkly demonstrated in 1997 and 1998 when a financial crisis in Thailand spread first to other East Asian nations and then in 1998 to Russia and Brazil. Ultimately the crisis threatened to plunge the economies of the developed world, including the United States, into a recession. It is simply worth noting that even from a purely economic perspective, globalization is not all good. The opportunities for doing business in a global economy may be significantly enhanced, but the risks associated with global financial contagion are also greater. 2) (Open) Section three NewsNews Item 1Italy Plane Crash The Piper* aircraft crashed into Milans 30-story Pirelli* skyscraper just before 6 p.m. local time. Flight controllers said the pilot issued an SOS call shortly before crashing into the upper floors of the building. Witnesses reported hearing a loud and violent explosion. One woman said it sounded like a bomb. Other witnesses said the pavement shook. Dark smoke immediately billowed* from the building, but firefighters quickly brought the fire under control. Many people rushed to the scene, concerned about relatives and friends working inside the building. Police appealed to all doctors in the city to come to the area, as people with bloodied faces left the building. Ambulances ferried dozens of the injured to nearby hospitals. The scene was reminiscent* of the September 11th terrorist attack on the World Trade Center in New York, when planes crashed into the twin towers. But Italys interior minister, Claudio Scajola, said the crash in Milan was probably an accident. The plane was en route from Locarno in Switzerland and was scheduled to land at Milans / Linate airport. Exercise A Directions: Listen to the news item and complete the summary. This news item is about an aircraft crashed into a 30-story skyscraper in Milan. Exercise B Directions: Listen to the news again and complete the following passage. The Piper aircraft crashed into Milans 30-story Pirelli skyscraper just before 6 p.m. local time. Witnesses reported hearing a loud and violent explosion. Dark smoke immediately billowed from the building, but firefighters quickly brought the fire under control. Police appealed to all doctors in the city to come to the area. Ambulances ferried dozens of the injured to nearby hospitals. The scene was reminiscent of the September 11 the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center in New York, when planes crashed into the twin towers. News Item2Japan Earthquakes A swarm of powerful earthquakes have been shaking northeastern Japan, injuring more than 300 people. The most serious tremor* is a magnitude*-6.2 quake that collapsed homes and sent hundreds of people to emergency rooms in Miyagi Prefecture * . But as Steve Herman reports from Tokyo, authorities are saying that for the second time in three months, the region appears to have been spared fatalities*. The two most powerful tremors, which occurred exactly seven hours apart early Saturday, cracked roads and bridges, and triggered mudslides* and blackouts* in Miyagi and Iwate Prefectures on the main island of Honshu *. The same area was hit by a magnitude-7 earthquake just two months ago. Officials say about 200 buildings, including public facilities and nursing homes were damaged, some collapsed. Tens of thousands of people were shaken awake. Exercise A Directions: Listen to the news item and complete the summary. This news item is about a magnitude-6.2 quake in northeastern Japan. the second in three months. / Exercise B Directions: Listen to the news again and answer the following questions. 1) A swarm of powerful earthquakes have been shaking northeastern Japan Saturday. 2) More than 300 people were injured. 3) The two most powerful tremors cracked roads and bridges, and triggered mudslides and blackouts in Miyagi and Iwate Prefectures on the main island of Honshu. 4) Tens of thousands of people were shaken awake . News Item3South Asian Monsoon Rains More than one month of monsoon rains has been a mixed blessing for South Asia. In parts of the region, the rains have brought a welcome end to several years of drought; in other areas, however, more than 800 people have died. The effects of this years monsoon rains have varied greatly. In some areas, the rains have been very heavy, causing major flooding and mudslides and killing people, destroying homes and ruining crops. So far, more than 800 people have been killed throughout the region, and more than 5 million have been affected overall. Robert McKerrow is head of the Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies for South Asia *. He describes this years situation as moderate compared to 1998, when more than 20 million people were affected. While the rains have brought death and devastation to some areas of South Asia, other areas such as northern India, parts of Pakistan and Afghanistan, have benefited. Theyre welcoming an end to several years of severe drought. Exercise A Directions: Listen to the news item and complete the summary. This news item is about a mixed blessing from more than one month of monsoon rains for South Asia. Exercise B Directions: Listen to the news again and complete the following passage. Mixed Blessing for South Asia In some areas, the rains have been very heavy, causing major flooding and mudslides and killing people, destroying homes and ruining crops. So far, more than 800 people have been killed throughout the region, and more than 5 million have been affected overall. Other areas such as northern India, parts of Pakistan and Afghanistan, have benefited. Theyre welcoming an end to several years of severe drought. Section Four Supplementary ExercisesPart 1 Feature ReportEgypt Air Final Report More than two years after it crashed, US air safety investigators have concluded the co-pilot of Egypt Air flight 990 deliberately caused the plane to plunge into the Atlantic Ocean, killing all 217 people on board. Correspondent Nick Simeone reports Egypt, to this day, refuses to accept the findings, saying more investigation is needed. This exhaustive investigation has finally been brought to a close but its findings have not ended what continues to be a debate over the cause. The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) concludes the Boeing 767 was deliberately brought down about 30 minutes after taking off from New York bound for Cairo by relief pilot* Gamil al-Batouti. Without mentioning a motive, the report says he cut power to engines, plunging the plane toward the sea and into a descent so steep that another pilot who rushed into the cockpit* was unable to reverse it. Since the start of the investigation, the Egyptian government which owns th