北京大学英文简介.doc

_/question/31572865.htmlPeking University (Traditional Chinese: 北京大学; Simplified Chinese: 北京大学; Pinyin: Bijng Dxu), colloquially known in Chinese as Beida (北大, Bid), was established in 1898. It is regarded as one of the best and the most selective universities in China. Peking University is the first formally established university, and the first national university of China. The university policy has mandated the use of Peking University in English rather than Beijing Universitycitation needed due to tradition and the desire to avoid confusion with Beijing Normal University and other similarly named institutions.HistoryPeking University was established in Beijing in December 1898 during the Hundred Days Reform and was originally known as the Imperial University of Peking (Traditional Chinese: 京师大学堂; Simplified Chinese: 京师大学堂; Pinyin: jng sh d xu tng). In 1912, following the Xinhai Revolution, the Imperial University of Peking was renamed the National Peking University (国立北京大学). The famous scholar Cai Yuanpei was appointed president on January 4, 1917 and helped transform the university into the countrys largest institution of higher learning, with 14 departments and an enrollment of more than 2,000 students. Cai, inspired by the German model of academic freedom, recruited an intellectually diverse faculty that included Hu Shih, Chen Duxiu, and Lu Xun. In 1919 students of Peking University formed the bulk of the protesters of the May Fourth Movement. Efforts by the Beiyang government to end to protests by sealing off the Peking University campus led to Cais resignation. In 1920 Peking University became the second Chinese university to accept female students, after Nanjing University.After the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937 (and the resulting expansion of Japanese territorial control in east China), Peking University moved to Changsha and formed the Changsha Temporary University along with Tsinghua University and Nankai University. In 1938, the three schools moved again, this time to Kunming, and formed the National Southwestern United University. In 1946, after World War II, Peking University moved back to Beijing. At that time, the university comprised six schools (Arts, Science, Law, Medicine, Engineering, and Agriculture), and a research institute for humanities. The total student enrollment grew up to 3,000.After the Peoples Republic of China was established in 1949, Yenching University was merged into Peking University and Peking University lost its national appellation to reflect the fact that all universities under the new socialist state would be public. In 1952 Peking University moved from downtown Beijing to the former Yenching campus.In 2000, Beijing Medical University was merged into Peking University and became the Peking University Health Science Campusedit PresentThe Times World University Rankings in 2006 rated Peking University as the best university in Asia, and ranked 14th in the world, whilst the THES - QS World University Rankings1 also ranked the university 14th in the world.The entrance criterion of Peking University is extremely selective. Every year only the top students of each province across China can be admitted, which makes Peking University one of the most prestigious places for students all over China.Peking University is a comprehensive and national key university. The University consists of 30 colleges and 12 departments, with 93 specialties for undergraduates, 2 specialties for the second Bachelors degree, 199 specialties for Masters degree candidates and 173 specialties for Doctoral candidates. While in a leading postion of basic sciences research and teaching, the university has gained itself very successful development of applied sciences.At present, Peking university has 216 research institutions and research centres, including 2 national engineering research centres, 81 key national disciplines, 12 national key laboratories. With eight million holdings, the university library is the largest of its kind in Asia. The West GateThe university has made an effort to combine the research on fundamental scientific issues with the training of personnel with high level specialized knowledge and professional skill as demanded by the countrys modernization. It strives not only for the simultaneous improvements in teaching and research work, but also for the promotion of interaction and mutual promotion among various subjects.Teaching also has been emphasized. It aims to cultivate the students practical ability and creative power. As a result, the teaching of core courses is strengthened, the content of courses is enriched and renewed and favourable conditions have been created, for the students to develop themselves in extracurricular activities.Peking University has been becoming a center for teaching and research, consisting of diverse branches of learning such as pure and applied sciences, social sciences and the humanities, and sciences of management and education. Its aim is to rank among the worlds best universities in the next couple of decades, with the schools leadership placing great emphasis on developing bilateral relationships with prominent American universities for student and faculty exchanges.CampusThe campus of Peking University is located in northwest Beijing, in the Haidian district which was designated for universities.It is located on the former site of Qing Dynasty royal gardens and retains Chinese-style landscaping as well as many traditional buildings. It is known throughout China, along with its neighbour Tsinghua University, for having one of the most beautiful campuses.Beyond Peking Universitys main campus, Peking University Health Science Center (PKUHSC)s campus is located in Xue Yuan Rd. where Chinas most distinguished colleges are located. PKUHSCs campus is less aesthetically appeasing but is nonetheless a fitting site for academics and researchInternational studentsPeki