安全与电磁兼容要求和安全措施.doc

安全与电磁兼容要求和安全措施1SafetyandEMCrequirementsand/orsafetymeasures安全与电磁兼容要求和安全措施2General常规FortheapplicationofEN294,EN457,EN842,EN953,EN954-1clause5.3,prEN1005-2,prEN1005-3,EN1837,EN60204-1themanufacturershallcarryoutanadequateriskassessmentfortherequirementsthereofwherechoiceisnecessary.对于在EN294，EN457，EN842，EN953，EN954-1第5.3条的规定，耐点蚀当量1005-2，耐点蚀当量1005-3，EN1837，EN60204-1的应用制造商应当对其中必要的地方进行适当的风险评估。NOTEThisspecificriskassessmentispartofthegeneralriskassessmentrelatingtothehazardsnotcoveredbythis“C”standard注意这种特定的风险评估是有关的危害不受这种“C”标准的常规风险评估中的一部分Powerdrivenparkingequipmentandsystemsshallcomplywiththesafetyrequirementsand/orprotectivemeasuresofthisclause.Inaddition,powerdrivenparkingequipmentandsystemsshallbedesignedaccordingtotheprinciplesofEN292forhazardswhicharerelevantbutnotsignificant,whicharenotdealtwithbythisdocument(e.g.sharpedges).动力驱动的停车设备和系统应符合安全要求和保护措施的条款。此外,动力驱动的停车设备和系统应根据EN292的原则，对与还未处理的非显著性的危害(如尖锐的边缘)的处理来设计。3Designcriteria1.1.1设计标准ThedesignshallbebasedonthecriteriamentionedinannexA.Wherelessfavourablesituationsoccurtheactualforcesandtheirpositionshallbetakenintoaccount.设计应基于在附件A中提到的标准。在不太有利的情况发生时，有可能造成的真实伤害都应该被考虑到。4Combinationsofhazard1.1.2复合型风险Dealingwitheachseparatehazardisconsideredtocovertheircombinations.分别处理每一个独立的风险被认为是为了足以应付他们的复合。5Controldevicesandequipmentusedforsafetypurposes1.2保证安全性的控制器件和设备6General1.1.1常规Controldevicesandequipmentusedforsafetypurposes,dependingonthedesign,includeallequipmentandcircuitsassociatedwithe.g.:保证安全性的控制器件和设备,基于设计,包括所有设备和相关电路，如：?ultimatetrippingandpositiontrippingfunctions;?紧急跳闸和位置脱扣功能;?malfunctionandfaultdetectionfunctions;?失灵和故障检测功能?interlockingfunctions;?联锁功能；?overspeedtrippingfunctions;?超速脱扣功能；?brakingfunctions;?制动功能；?startfunctions;?启动功能；?stopandemergencystopfunctions.?停止和紧急停止功能。7Devicesandequipment1.1.2装置和设备Controldevices,safetydevices,transmissionelements,responseelements,controlsystemsusedforsafetypurposes,shallbeinaccordancewiththerequirementsofEN954-1Category1(seeClause6.2.2inEN954-1),unlessstatedotherwise.控制装置，安全装置，传动元件，反应元件，安全控制系统，都必须按照EN954-1种类1（见条款6.2.2EN954-1）的要求，除非另有说明。Whereelectronicequipment,orelectronicdevicesincludingelectronicsub-assembliesareusedforsafetypurposesunlessotherwisespecifiedsuchelectronicequipmentanddevicesshallbeinaccordancewiththerequirementsofEN954-1Category2(seeClause6.2.3inEN954-1).用于安全方面的电子设备，或包括电子组件电子设备，除非另有说明，这样的电子设备和装置应符合EN954-1种类2（见条款6.2.3EN954-1）的要求。Electroniccontrolcircuitry,software,adjustablesafetydevicesandadjustablesafetyrelatedequipmentshallbeprotectedagainstaccessbyunauthorisedpersons(e.g.bytheuseofaccesscodes,specialtools).电子控制电路，软件，可调的安全装置，安全方面的可调的设备应防止未经授权的人员访问（例如，通过访问码，使用专用工具）。Controldevicesshallbelocatedoutofthepassagegaugeofthevehicles.控制装置应位于在车辆通过计之外。8Safetydevice安全装置Safetydevices,e.g.tripdevices,ultimate-positionswitches,slackliftingelementswitches,door-lockedswitches,interlockingswitches,emergencystopdevices,ultimate-positionvalves,overspeedgovernors,shallbelocatedandinstalledtopreventthembeingdamagedorrenderedinoperativeduringanyforeseeableoperatingconditions.安全装置，例如旅行设备，紧急制动开关，松绳松链检测开关，“门锁”开关，联锁开关，紧急停止装置，紧急制动的阀门，限速器，应设置为防止他们在任何可预见的的情况下被损坏或无效化的措施。Theyshallonlybeadjustableusingtoolsandshallbeaccessibleforinspectionpurposesfromtheworkingarea.他们应当只有在工作区使用专用工具才能被检查。Ifahazardoussituationarisesandasafetydeviceisactuated,theappropriatesafetydeviceshallautomaticallyinitiateacategory0orcategory1stopfunctionasappropriatetobecompatiblewiththedesign(seeEN60204-1,clause9.2.2)andpreventanymovementintherelevantplane,unlessstatedotherwise.如果在碰到一个危险的情况时，安全装置被启动，恰当的安全装置应自动启动一个类似于“0”或“1”的范畴的与设计兼容的停止功能（见EN60204-1，第9.2.2）来防止在该平面的任何运动，除非另有说明。ThestopfunctionshallcomplywithEN954-1,clause5.2.停止功能应符合EN954-1，5.2条款。Afterreleaseofanactuatedsafetydevice,itshallonlybepossibletoinitiatepoweredmovementbyanewstartcommand.一个驱动装置被释放后，它将可以通过一个新的启动命令来启动。9Electricalsafetydevices.1电气安全装置Theswitchingarrangementsofelectricalsafetydevices,shallbeofpositiveopeningoperationinaccordancewithChapter3ofEN60947-5-1.(i.e.safetyswitchesasdefinedin3.6.1above).开关的电气安全装置的安排，应积极开放的操作在3章按照恩60947-5-1。（即“安全开关”的定义在3.6.1以上）。Withtheexception,onautomaticparkingequipment,ofultimateswitchesonmovementswithaverticalcomponentandthoseonhorizontalmovementswithoutmechanicallimitingdevicesothertypesofswitchingarrangementmaybeused,subjecttothefollowingconditions:对于自动停车设备，极限开关与垂直与水平分量的运动没有机械限位装置的其他类型的可用于运动的开关装置的异常处理，必须符合下列条件：i)mechanicallyactuatedelectricalswitcheswhicharenotsafetytypeswitches,shallbeduplicated,shallutilisebreakcontactsandtheswitchesshallbewiredinseries.1机械驱动的电气开关，如果不是采用“安全型”开关，应使用断接点和开关应有线系列。ii)Ifsensingdevicesareusedtheyshallbeautomaticallymonitored,whichshallatleastensurethatanerrorsignalorfaultyoperationofthesensingdeviceshallbedetectedpriortothestartoftheassociatedmovement,i.e.shallmeettherequirementsofatleastEN61496-1type2.2如果使用感测装置应被自动监测，应确保至少一个错误的信号或误操作能够在启动之前被传感装置检测到，即至少应满足61496-12型的要求。iii)Ifthemonitoringsystem(see5.11.14),shalldetectanerrorsignal,orunacceptablesignaldeviation,themonitoringsystemshallautomaticallyinitiatepositiveinterruptionoftheassociatedpoweredmovementandpreventfurthermovementinthatdirection.3如果监测系统（见5.11.14），检测到一个错误的信号，或不可接受的偏差信号，监控系统应自动启动相关的防止继续运动的系统，停止正在进行的运动。10Hydraulicsafetydevices.2液压安全装置Hydraulicsafetydevicesshallbedesignedandinstalledtoachieveasafetylevelcomparabletotherequirementsforelectricalsafetydevicesspecifiedabove.液压安全装置的设计和安装应能达到满足电气安全装置上面指定的要求的安全水平。11Mechanicalsafetydevices.3机械安全装置Mechanicalsafetydevicesshallbedesignedandinstalledtoachieveasafetylevelcomparabletotherequirementsforelectricalsafetydevicesspecifiedabove.机械安全装置的设计和安装应能达到与电气安全装置上面指定的要求的安全水平。12Transmissionelementsusedforsafetypurposes安全性传动元件Transmissionelements,e.g.safetyrelatedwiring,pipework,rods,safetyropes,chains,shallbedesignedsothatfailureshallnotleadtoadangerouscondition.Intheeventoffailureorrupture,acategory0orcategory1stopfunctionshallbeautomaticallyinitiated,asappropriatetobecompatiblewiththedesign(seeEN60204-1,clause9.2.2).传动元件，如安全相关的电器，管道，杆，安全绳，链，应该被设计为即使故障也不会导致危险。在故障或破裂的事件，一种处于“0”或“1”的范畴，则应自动停止，应与设计相匹配（见EN60204-1，第9.2.2）。ThestopfunctionshallcomplywithEN954-1,clause5.2.Mechanicalcomponentsshallhavefactorsofsafetyofatleast4to1inrelationtomaximumintendedloading,withoutpermanentdeformationorfailure.停止功能应符合EN954-1，5.2条款。机械零部件应具有与最大的预期负荷相关的至少4到1个安全的因素，无永久性变形或破坏。Allflexiblepiping,flexiblehosesandalsoanyrigidpipeworkorconnectionsusedastransmissionelementsforsafetypurposes,shallbedesignedtowithstandatleast4xmaximumworkingpressurewithoutfailureorpermanentdeformation.所有软管，软管和刚性管道或任何连接安全性的传动元件，设计应能承受至少4最大工作压力且无故障或永久变形。Thesafetyfactorfortheoverspeedgovernorropeshallbeatleast8to1,computedfromthemaximumforcewhenthesafetygearisinitiatedinrelationtotheminimumbreakingloadinaccordancewiththeropemanufacturersspecifications.对限速器钢丝绳安全系数应至少为81，计算基于绳子的最大应力，当安全性传动装置的最小损坏载荷应该和照制造商的规格匹配。Wiring/pipeworkusedforsafetypurposesshallbeinstalledandprotectedtopreventdamageduetoexternalinfluences.安全性布线/管道应被安装设施来保护，以防止由于外部影响损伤。13Responseelementsusedforsafetypurposes安全性反应元件Responseelementsinclude,e.g.safetyrelatedcontactors,full-flowdirectionalvalves,lockingdevices,brakes,safetygear.响应要素包括：安全相关的接触器，全流方向阀，锁紧装置，制动器，安全装置。.1Fullflowdirectionalvalveswhichareusedforsafetypurposesshallbedesignedsothatintheeventofvalvecontrolpressurefailurethevalveshallnotmovetoadangerouspositionforthesystem..1全流量换向阀，安全性设计应使控制压力故障的阀门不会移动到一个对系统造成危险的位置。Thisrequirementmaybefulfilledbyeither:此要求可被满足的条件：a)amechanicallyandpositivelyactuatedfullflowdirectionalvalvewhichactsdirectlyontherelevantpartofthehydraulicsystem,or机械和正动全流量换向阀，直接作用于液压系统相关的部分b)apilotoperatedfullflowdirectionalvalvecontrolledbyamechanicallyandpositivelyactuatedhydraulicsafetydevice.Thepilotoperatedfullflowdirectionalvalve,shallintheeventofcontrolpressurefailure,positivelyinte