外研版必修一期末复习句型,语法,重点词组.doc

外研版高一英语必修一句型、语法及重点词组句型1） Id appreciate it if you would like to.2）虚拟语气Its high/about time that Would you mind that3) be about to do sth when Be doing sth when No sooner.than Hardly . whenwould rather do would ratherthanwouldrather than Prefer to dorather than do Would you mind doing sthThisItThat is + the +序数词+time+(that) sb has done sthIt+ be + the +形容词最高级+ 名词+that ThisItThat was + the +序数词+time+(that) sb had done sthThis is the first time I _ such beautiful music.A heard B am hearing C will hear D have heardIt is (highabout)time +(that) sb. + did sth Would you mind +从句Jack is a great talker.Its high time that he _ something instead of just talking.A will do B has done C do D did2 until 句型肯定式：a. 主句的谓语动词是延续性动词 b. 主从句均为肯定式c. 译为：直到。为止He remained there until/till she arrived.否定式：a. 主句的谓语动词是短暂性动词b. 从句均为肯定式c. 译为：直到。才。He wont go to bed until/till she returns.特殊考点1：Not until . 助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语+谓语直到地震两天后，她才发现她的妈妈还活着。Not until two days after the earthquake did she find her mother alive特殊考点2：not.until 的强调句型 ：It is not until. that.直到你告诉我，我才知道这件事儿。It was not unti you told me that I had any idea of it.It was not until she got home _ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys. A. when B. that C. where D. before反意疑问句前肯后否定.前否后肯定. 注意当陈述部分带有seldom, hardly, scarcely, never, few, little, nothing, nobody等否定或半否定时，疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。如果前面否定词是带有否定前缀的，反意疑问句部分用否定形式Tom dislikes playing tennis，doesnt he?否定祈使句，will you? 肯定祈使句,willwont you?If you want helpmoney or anything ,let me know,_ you? A. dont B. will C. shall D. do Dont forget to put it back on the shelf, _?A. do you B.dont youC.will you D.wont youYou and I could hardly work together, _ ?A. could you B. couldnt I C. couldnt we D. could we倍数表达法A be + 倍数 + 比较级 + than BA be + 倍数 + as + 原级 + as BA be + 倍数 + as many/much + 名词 + as BA be + 倍数 + 名词（size, height, length, width.） + of BA be + 倍数 + what从句 -How many boy students are there in your class? -There are _girls as boys.A. three times many as B. many as three times C. as many three times D. three times as manyThe office is _that one ,so we can have our meeting there.A. six times bigger as B.six times as big as C.six times big as D.six times as bigger as本学期语法1）祈使句+and/or+陈述句2）倍数表达3）强调句4）过去分词作后置定语5）代词 it, one, that6）with 复合结构7）时态：一般现在时，一般过去时，现在完成时，过去完成时等的用法8）It 充当形式主语和形式宾语9）动词不定式作目的状语及结果状语从句10）部分倒装和完全倒装11）will, be going to12)现在 表将来名词用作动词；时间状语从句；详解1) 祈使句，+ and + 陈述句: 在这里祈使句相当于if 引导的条件状语从句（但此时去掉and）。Give blood ( if you can )and many lives will be saved.还可以用简短的形式表示，即省略动词。Give me one more hour, and Ill get the work finished.（祈使句）=One more hour, and Ill get the work finished.（名词短语）= If you give me one more hour, Ill get the work finished.（if条件句）=If I am given one more hour, Ill get the work finished.= Given one more hour, Ill get the work finished.More effort, and you will succeed.Another attempt, and you will get it.One more minute, and the patient would have bled to death.祈使句，+ or + 陈述句Listen to the teacher carefully in class, or you cant catch what he is saying.Lets keep to the point，or we _ any decisions. A will never reach B have never reached C never reach D never reached小练：Help others whenever you can （次要成分忽略不看）_ you will make the world a nicer place to live in. A. and B. or C. unless D. but _ on the top of the tower and youll enjoy the scenery of the whole city. A. Standing B. Stand C. To stand D. Stand_ and Ill get the work finished. A. Have one more hour B. One more hour=Give me one more hour C. Given one more hour D. If I have one more hour Stand over there_ youll be able to see it better. A. or B. while C. but D. and2）过去分词作后置定语过去分词作定语时,通常可替换某些定语从句.此时要注意两点:首先,在被替换的定语从句中,主语必须是作从句主语的关系代词;其次,定语从句中的谓语动词通常使用表示已经完成的时态或被动语态.例如:1. Prices of daily goods_through a computer can be lower than store prices.A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying思路分析:此题考查过去分词短语作后置定语的用法.我们可以把bought through还原成一个定语从句:Prices of daily goods that are bought through a computer.可知最佳答案为B项.2.The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see_the next year.A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D.to carry out思路分析:此题考查see sb./sth. done句型.因the plan与carry out逻辑上是被动关系,故答案为C,其中that引导了一个定语从句.3.The Olympic Games,_in 776 B.C.,did not include women players until 1912.A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be first playing思路分析:the Olympic Games与play之间是被动关系,故排除A、D项.B项是不定式的被动式,表示未来,也可排除,因此,C项是对的.它相当于一个非限制性定语从句which were first played.3) It 充当形式主语和形式宾语 一、 It 用作形式主语当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。e.g. It is wrong to tell a lie. (说谎是错误的。) It为to tell a lie的形式主语It is no use arguing about it. (争吵是没用的。) It为arguing about it的形式主语It is uncertain who will come. (谁要来还不确定。) It为who will come的形式主语It 作形式主语的常见句型： It + be + 形容词 + to do sth. / doing / that .e.g. It is very important to learn a foreign language. (学一门外语非常重要。)It is useless crying over the spilt milk. (覆水难收。)It was really surprising that she married a man like that.(她嫁给那样的男士真让人惊讶。) It + be +名词词组 + doing / that .e.g. It is no good telling lies. (撒谎没好处。)It is a pity that you didnt go to see the film yesterday. (你昨天没看成那部电影真遗憾。)It is a truth that there would be no new China without the Communist Party.(没有共产党就没有新中国，这是毋庸质疑的。) It + be + 过去分词 + that .该句型常见动词有：say, hope, think, suppose, expect, report, know, believe, decide, etc.e.g. It is said that they have invented a new type of computer. (据说他们发明了一种新型电脑。)It is believed that China will become one of the strongest countries in the world.(大家都相信中国将会步入世界强国之列。)It was reported that more than 170 thousand people died in the 2004 tsunami.(据报道，至少有十七万人在2004年那场海啸中丧生。) It + seems / appears / happens等不及物动词 + that .e.g. It seems that he enjoys pop songs very much.(似乎他非常喜欢流行歌曲。)It appears that Tom might change his mind. (看来汤姆可能会改变主意。) 若句子是疑问形式，就只能用it作形式主语。e.g. Does it matter much that they wont come tomorrow? (他们明天不来很重要吗？)Is it true that he will go abroad next week? (他下周出国是真的吗？) It + takes + (sb.) + some time + to do sth.这是一个表示“（某人）花多少时间干某事”的句型，其中it是形式主语，代替后面的不定式（to do sth.），句型中的sb.也可以省略。e.g. It took me some time to read the reading materials.(我花了一些时间才读完那段阅读材料。)It took him fourteen hours to go to New Zealand from Shanghai by plane.(从上海乘飞机去新西兰花了他14小时。)How long does it take you to go to Beijing from Qingdao by train? (从青岛坐火车到北京一般要花多久时间？)I am not sure, but I think it takes at least nine hours to get there.(我不能肯定，但估计至少要九个钟头才能到那儿。)二、It 用作形式宾语当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作宾语时，为保持句子结构平衡，避免句式结构的混乱，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句尾。此时it仍只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。下列四种情况须用it 作形式宾语： 当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在复合宾语结构中作某些动词的宾语时（如think, make, find, consider, feel, suppose等）；e.g. They found it pleasant that they worked with us Chinese.（他们发现与我们中国人一起工作很愉快。）I dont feel it difficult to understand the Special English. （我觉得理解英语特别节目并不难。）He makes it a rule never to borrow money. （他立志决不向别人借钱。）I think it no need talking about it with them. （我认为没必要跟他们谈。） 某些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词，如like, enjoy, love, hate等，往往不能直接接宾语从句；e.g. I dont like it that hes so lazy. （我不喜欢他那么懒惰。）I hate it when my mother asks me to eat eggs. （我讨厌母亲要我吃鸡蛋。） that引导的宾语从句不能直接作介词的宾语；e.g. You may depend on it that we shall always help you.（尽管放心，我们会随时帮你的。）Would you see to it that she gets home early? （你负责保证她早到家，好吗？）He insisted on it that he was innocent. （他坚持说自己是无辜的。） 由及物动词与介词组成的固定搭配中，宾语从句若作该动词的宾语时，须借用it。e.g. I leave it to your own judgement whether you should do it.（我让你自己判断这事是否该做。）We owe it to you that there wasnt a serious accident.（多亏了你才没有发生严重事故。）试比较下列高考题，选出最佳答案：1. Is _ necessary to complete the design before National Day? (MET89) A. this B. that C. it D. he2. I dont think _ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work. (MET90)A. this B. that C. its D. it3. Does _ matter if he cant finish the job on time? (MET91)A. this B. that C. he D. it4. Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but _ didnt help. (MET93)A. he B. which C. she D. it5. _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. (MET95)A. There B. This C. That D. It6. I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full. (MET98)A. it B. that C. these D. them7. Dont _ that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be the most successful. (上海98)A. take as granted B. take this for grantedC. take that for granted D. take it for granted8. I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. (MET2004)A. this B. that C. it D. one模拟练习：( ) 1. _ happened _ he is unfit for the office. A. This; that B. That; that C. It; that D. He; that( ) 2. We took _ for granted that they would accept our advice. A. that B. this C. it D. them( ) 3. _ that the scientist will give us a talk next month? A. Is true B. Is it true C. Its true D. Its truly( ) 4. _ doesnt matter much _ dress you are going to wear. A. This; that B. That; who C. It; which D. It; who( ) 5. _ is going to America for further study. A. He is said that B. People said that he C. It was said he D. It is said that he( ) 6. They are good friends. _ is no wonder that they know each other so well. A. This B. That C. There D. It( ) 7. Is _ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship? A. this B. there C. that D. it( ) 8. She liked _ when he kissed her. A. him B. that C. one D. it( ) 9. _ will do you good to do some exercise every morning. A. It B. There C. Those D. One( )10. We think _ our duty to pay taxes to our government. A. that B. this C. its D. itKey: 高考真题: 1-8 CDDDDADC 模拟练习: 1-5 CCBCD 6-10 DDDAD综合内容：1)It was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face. （从句时态用完成时） 这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。 2) I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.（强调句） 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。3)Your friend cant go until he/she finishes cleaning the bicycle.4)The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.5)It has been quite some time since I was last in London.6)It was three years since we had been three. It 作形式主语，常用形容词有popular, possible, unusual, important, necessary.It be/become+adj.+for sb/sth to do sth It is important for the students to learn English well.It is +adj.+ of sb to do sth kind, polite, foolish, friendly, cruelIt is foolish of you to buy his books.It作形式宾语 make/think /find/feel/+ it +adj/n +(for sb )to do sth 或 make/think /find/feel/+ it +adj/n +(for sb ) + that clause1.She made it a rule for her child to wash his hands before eating .She made it a rule for her child that he shouldwash his hands before eating. 2.I think it not right to let primary students do too much homework.定语从句1)The number of people who were killed or injured in the earthquake reached more than 400,000.（定语从句） 死伤的人数达到40多万。 2)After getting up, he always drinks a glass of water, which he believes is good for his health. （非限制性定语从句） 每天起床后，他都喝一杯水，他认为这对他的身体有好处。1)All hope was not lost. = Not all hope was lost.（部分否定） 不是所有的希望都破灭了。 2) None of us were allowed to go there.（全部否定） 我们全都不许去那里。 （ All, both, everyone, everybody, everything 以及every+名词都表示全部肯定；但当not 在它们之前或之后都表示部分否定。no one, none nobody, nothing, not;any, 以及 no+名词都表示全部否定。）1)Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.（倒装句） 只有到这个时候我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。 2)I dont think it is necessary for us to give in. （否定前置）我认为我们没有必要让步。Exercises：1. _ their real economic situations, they got some relief fund from the government. A. Considered B. Having been considered C. Considering D. Being considered 2.My train arrive in New York at eight oclock tonight.The plane I would like to take from there _by then. A. would leave B. will have left C. has left D. had left3.The coffee is wonderful! It doesnt taste like anything I _ before. A. was having B. had ever had C. have D. have ever had4.We must remember that _fashion is not the most important thing in _ life. A. /; the B. /; / C. the; / D. the; the 5.During the tourist season, there are many people wandering in this city to see the old castles _ in the sixteenth century. A. to be built B. being built C. having been built D. built CBDBD6.There has been a great increase in retail sales,_ A. does there B. isnt there C. hasnt there D. isnt it7.Under no circumstance _ to tell lies to parents. A. children are allowed B. children will allow C. will children allow D. are children allowed8.He doesnt know what to say, for it is the first time that he _ with a girl. A. went out B. goes out C. has gone out D. had gone out9.There are only twelve _ in the hospital. A. woman doctors B. women doctors C. women doctor D. woman doctor 10.It _ quite a few years _the accused was declared innocent and set free. A. was; since B. is; that C. will be; when D. was; beforeCDCBD11.It was not until late in the evening_ her husband arrived home. A. which B. when C. that D. how12.It _ Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago. A. was B. are C. were D. had been 13.This is the only one of the students _ the truth A.that knowB.that knows C.who knowD.which knows14.I dont think _ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work. A. this B. that C. it D. its 15.We think _ our duty to pay taxes to our government. A. that B. this C. its D. it CABCD9. Students must have access _ good books. A. for B. to C. into D. with10. This book is said to be the special one, which _ many events that cannot be found in other history books. A. covers B. writes C. prints D. reads11. He had a wonderful childhood, _ with his mother to all corners of the world. A. travel B. to travel C. traveled D. travelling12. _ and happy, John stood up and accepted the prize. A. Surprising B. Being surprised C. Surprised D. To be surprising13. On the third floor there are two rooms, _ is used as a meeting room. A. the larger of them B. the larger of which C. larger of which D. the largest of which14. Mr. Smith is _ a teacher. He is a friend as well. We all respect him. A. more than B. other than C. less than D. rather than15. -Are you satisfied with his work?-Not at all. _A. You are absolutely right! B. It couldnt be worse!C.I couldnt agree more D. That couldnt be better!附：重点词组Module 11. in other words 换句话说2. look forward to (doing) sth.期盼(做)某事3. at the start/beginning of 在开始的时候4. at the end of 在结束的时候be divided into 被（划）分成5. take part in 参加6. be similar to 与相似7. ones attitude to sth 某人对某物的看法8. be impressed with sth.对印象深刻9. leave/have/make an impression on sb. 给某人留下印象10. mind doing sth 介意做某事11. be disappointed with/in sb 对某人感到失望be/get bored with sth 对某事感到厌倦19. be/get bored with doing sth. 对做某事感到厌倦20. introduce sb./sth. to sb. 把某人（某物）介绍给某人on ones /the way to 在途中22. on the way home 在回家的路上21. by the way 顺便说一下；在路旁22. in the way 碍事，挡路23. lose ones way 迷路24. by the end of 到结束时（常与完成时连用）25. be amazed at/by 对感到惊讶26. try doing sth. 试着做某事32. try to do sth 努力做某事33. take off 起飞, 脱掉（衣物）34. make progress 取得进步35. keep doing sth. 不停地做某事36. admit doing sth承认做过某事37. as a result 因此，结果38. fall asleep 睡着39. be strict with sb. 对某人严格40. be fluent in 在（方面）流利41. feel embarrassed 感到尴尬42. to ones embarrassment 令人尴尬的是43. the number of 的数目44. a number of 许多Module 245. be strict in 在方面要求严格46. make sure of sth. 弄清楚某事；查明某事47. make sure that 弄清楚48. I would appreciate it if 如果，我将不胜感激。49. appreciate doing sth. 感激某人做某事50. admit doing/having done sth. 承认做过某事51. admit sb. to/into/in 允许某人进入52. as a result 结果53. as a result of 由于的结果54. tell jokes 开玩笑55. play a joke on sb. 戏弄某人56. respect sb. for sth. 因某事而尊敬某人 57. would rather do than do 宁愿做而不做58. be patient with 对耐心59. learn from 向学习60. have problem with sth 在某方面有问题61. give sb. some advice 给某人提建议62. with all the work finished 由于作业已经完成63. Thats settled 就这么定了。64. a couple of. 几个（件）65. do well in 在方面做得好66. cant help doing sth. 忍不住做某事67. suggest doing sth. 建议做某事avoid doing sth. 避免做某事Module 31. get on 上（公车、船）2. get off 下（公车、船）3. get into 上（汽车、的士）4. get out of 下（汽车、的士）；离开5. take off 起飞6. be short for 是的缩写