新概念英语第二册 lesson 3 笔记和答案.doc

Lesson 3 Please send me a card课文内容：Postcards always spoil my holidays. Last summer, I went to Italy. I visited museums and sat in public gardens. A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. Then he lent me a book. I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word. Every day I thought about postcards. My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends. On the last day I made a big decision. I got up early and bought thirty-seven cards. I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!Notes on the text 课文注释1 a few words，几句话。2 lent me a book中，lent是“借出”的意思。我们常说lend sbsth或lend sthto sb。borrow是“借入”的意思，常用的结构是borrow sth或borrow sthfrom sb。参考译文明信片总搅得我假日不得安宁。去年夏天，我去了意大利。我参观了博物馆，还去了公园。一位好客的服务员教了我几句意大利语，之后还借给我一本书。我读了几行，但一个字也不懂。我每天都想着明信片的事。假期过得真快，可我还没有给我的朋友们寄过一张明信片。到了最后一天，我作出了一项重大决定。我早早起了床，买来了37张明信片。我在房间里关了整整一天。然而竟连一张明信片也没写成！自学导读1A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. 一位好客的服务员教了我几句意大利语。（1）虽然friendly是以-ly结尾，在拼法上与许多副词一样，但它却是形容词：He always greets me in a friendly way.他总是亲切地和我打招呼。She gave me a friendly greeting.她友好地和我打了一下招呼。He is not very friendly to John.他对约翰不太友善。类似的形容词有： brotherly, fatherly, manly, lovely, motherly 等。（2）a few可与复数可数名词连用，表示肯定，含有some, a small number of（一些，少数几个）的意思：The police would like to ask him a few questions.警察要问他一些问题。Mother is coming in a few days.妈妈过几天就要来了。2Then he lent me a book. 之后还借给我一本书。像send, buy, give等动词一样，lend可以有两个宾语：一个直接宾语（通常指物），一个间接宾语（通常指人）。（cf. 本课语法）在这句话中，lend的直接宾语为a book，间接宾语为me。Would you lend me your pen?能把你的笔借我用一下吗？Yesterday I lent my dictionary to Mary.昨天我把字典借给了玛丽。3but I did not understand a word.但一个字也不懂。nota的否定意义比单用not要强。课文的最后一句加了single”，语气更强。4Every day I thought about postcards. 我每天都想着明信片的事。think about可以指某一段时间一直在想考虑某事：I often think about the lovely holiday we had last year.我经常回想我们去年度过的愉快的假期。What are you thinking about?你在想什么？Im thinking about my friends.我在想我的朋友们。5make a big decision, 作出一项重大决定。make/take a decision, 作出决定。这是个常用的词语搭配，可以灵活使用：It was not easy for me to make/ take this decision.对我来说作出这项决定并不容易。You have made/taken a wrong decision.你作出了个错误的决定。Have you made/taken a decision?你决定了吗？6I spent the whole day in my room我在房间里关了整整一天（1）spend与表示时间的词短语连用时，意思为“花（时间）”、“度过”：Were going to spend three days in the country.我们打算到乡下去3天。spend还可以表示“花钱”：If we spend all the money, well be poor again.如果我们把所有的钱都花光了，我们又会变穷的。I cant spend any more on this car.我不能再为这车花钱了。（2）whole表示“整整的”、“整个的”：a whole year一整年a whole bottle of milk一整瓶牛奶two whole weeks整整两星期语法 Grammar in use1一般过去时 (The simple past tense) 与一般现在时上一课的语法提到一般现在时可以表示习惯性或经常性的动作。在用一般现在时询问有关习惯的问题时可用ever。一般过去时通常表示过去发生的而现在已经结束的事件、动作或情况。它通常指动作何时发生，而不指动作持续多久。因此，过去时与表明事情何时发生的状语连用是非常重要的。像last summer, last winter, last week, last night等这类状语只能与过去时连用，不能与现在时连用，因为它们确指过去的时间。2直接宾语 (Direct object) 与间接宾语 ( Indiret object)许多及物动词后可以有两个宾语，直接宾语通常是动作所涉及的事物，间接宾语表示动作是对谁做的或为谁做的，通常是人。这类动词有give, show, send, bring, lend, tell, return, write, pay, teach, make, buy, find等。通常间接宾语在前，紧跟动词；不过，如想要强调直接宾语，也可将它置于动词之后、间接宾语之前。这时，间接宾语之前则必须用介词to或for：词汇学习 Word study1spoil vt.（1）弄坏，损坏，糟蹋：The sad news spoiled our weekend.这不幸的消息使我们没能过好周末。The rain spoiled the school sports.这场雨把学校运动会弄得一团糟。（2）宠坏，惯坏，溺爱：Julie loves her son too much. She has spoiled him.朱莉太爱她的儿子了。她把他惯坏了。Dont spoil your children.不能太惯孩子。2public（1）adj. 公共的，公众的，社会的：There is a public library in this town.这镇上有一个公共图书馆。I always sit in public gardens on Sundays.星期天我经常去公园坐坐。（2）adj. 公开的，众人皆知的：Their secret meeting was made public 20 years later.他们的秘密会晤20年以后才被公开。（3）n.公众，群众，大众：The public is/ are pleased with his explanation.公众对他的解释很满意。The museum is open to the public on Sunday.这家博物馆星期天对公众开放。练习答案 Key to written exercises1关键句型练习答案A went (1.1)；visited (1.2) ；sat(1.2) ；taught(1.2)；lent；read(1.3) ；did not understand；thought (1.4)；passed (1.5) ；did not send(1.5) ；made； go up (1.6) ；bought (1.7) ；spent(1.7) ；did not write(1.8)C Roy died last yearleft mespent a lot of moneybought one or twonever went to the cinemastayed at homelistened to musicoften lent CDsthey kept themlost many CDs2难点练习答案1 He paid some money to the shopkeeper.2 He handed the prize to me.3 The waiter brought the man a bottle of beer.4 He sold me all his books.5 The shop assistant found me some curtain material.6 He did a big favour for me.7 She showed her new hat to her husband.8 She promised the finder a reward.9 He gave some advice to his son.10 His uncle left some money to/ for him.11 He is teaching us English.12 I bought you this bunch of flowers.13 Bring me that book please.14 He offered a cigarette to me.15 Read the first paragraph to me.16 Ive ordered you some soup.17 I owe a lot of money to him.18 Pass your father the mustard.3多项选择题答案1c 2a 3c 4a 5d 6b7c 8c 9b 10a 11b 12b课堂笔记【NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS】sendv. 寄，送send sth.to sb./send sb.sthgive sb.sth./give sth.to sb.send/take children to schooltake: 某人亲自送send: 通过第三人去送postcardn. 明信片send him a cardnamecard/visiting card : 名片Here is my namecard.ID card:身份证credit card:信用卡cash cardspoil(spoiled or spoilt) v. 使索然无味，损坏break: 打破spoil: 把东西的质量变得不好；生活中不顺心的事;宠坏，溺爱His parents spoiled the boy. 宠坏This spoiled my day.What you said spoiled me.His arrival spoiled my hoilday.damage:破坏，程度不一定很重destroy：破坏，彻底摧毁museumn. 博物馆Palace Museum:故宫publicadj. 公共的privatepublic shool/place/house(pub:酒吧)in private: 私下里的in public:公开的Why not have a conversation in public?friendlyadj. 友好的lovely adj.waitern. 服务员，招待员waiterwaitresschief waitershop assistantattendantlendv. 借给borrow fromlend sth.to sblend sb.sth.decisionn. 决定v. decidemake a big/great dicisionwholeadj. 整个的all the.the whole.singleadj. 唯一的，单一的double【课文讲解】The baby spoilded my night.Italian/Italyand 先后往往是对等的概念teach sb.sth.a little ItalianI can speak a little English/a few words of Englishthink about: 考虑，思考think over : 仔细考虑last:表示上一个或最后一个，表示最后一个时要加冠词theI spend the whole day in my room.spend+时间+地点I spend three hours in the sea.I spend my weekend at my mothers.I spend three hours in the classroom everyday.I spend a lot of time in traffic jam.reviewspoilsend/lend/teach sb.sth.send/lend/teach sth. to sb【Special Difficulties】双宾语：直接宾语（表示动作结果）和间接宾语（动作目标）give sb.sth.sb:间接宾语sth: 直接宾语间接宾语在后面时，其前必须加to(对而言）或for（为而做）give a book to me.I buy a book for youtake flowers to my wife.order soup for you.可以翻译为给、替、为的，就用for; 如果只能翻译为给的，就用to与for相连的buy,order,make,findfind sth.for sb.do sb.a favor 帮某人一个忙Do me a favor please./Do a favor for me.Exercise1.He paid some money to the shop-keeper.3.The writer brought the man a bottle of beer.What do you think of?What do you think of the weather today?cold,chilly,freeze, Ill freeze.What do you think of TV program last night?send somebody somethingsend something to somebodygive, take