在实用经济学的研究方法学(ppt 21)

1,ResearchMethodologyinAppliedEconomics,Dr.HwangJawLeeVisitingProfessor,CARDZhe-JiangUniversityApril3,2003,2,WedoabetterjobofteachingtheoryandtoolsthanteachingtheiruseStudentsneedmoretrainingintherelevanceandapplicationofthetools.,COMMISSIONONGRADUATEEDUCATIONINECONOMICE,AmericanEconomicAssociation,1991,3,Researchmethodologyprovidestheprinciplesfororganizing,planning,designing,andconductingresearch.Thecentralreasonforstudyingresearchmethodologyisthatitprovidesatime-tested,provenmeansofproducingnew,reliableknowledge.,4,Economicresearchmethodologyis,inasense,scienceandartofeconomicsrolledtogether,withitsgoalbeingtobothexpandourknowledgeandmaketheknowledgerelevantthecontemporaryworld.,5,Doingresearchentails,planninganddesigntheresearchimplementingandcompletingtheanalysisdisseminatingtheresultsoftheresearch,6,Twoaspectsofeconomicresearch,Discovery-dealswithformulating,finding,andcreatingnewknowledgeorinformation-alternativeavenuesofexplorationandthelikerequiringquestioning,probing,pursuingacreativeprocessanartsideofdisciplineConfirmation-dealswithdiscerningthevalidityorreliabilityofknowledgeorinformation-the“science”sideofdiscipline,7,TheDefinitionofResearch,WebstersCollegiateDictionary(1977)studiousinquiryorexamination;esp.:investigationorexperimentationaimedatthediscoveryinterpretationoffacts,revisionofaccptedtheoriesorlawsinthelightofnewfacts,orpracticalapplicationofsuchneworrevisedtheories.,8,AndrewandHildebrand(1982)theorderlyprocedurebywhichmanincreaseshisknowledge.GhebremedhinandTweeten(1988)theapplicationofthescientificapproachtothestudyofaphenomenonLeedy(1985)themannerinwhichweattempttosolveproblemsinasystematicthevalidityofthesolutionstoproblemsothershavepresumablyresolved,9,Researchisthesystematicapproachtoobtainingnewandreliableknowledge.,10,ClassificationsofResearch,Basicvs.AppliedResearchDisciplinary,Subject-Matter,andProblem-SolvingResearchAnalyticalvs.DescriptiveResearchQualitativevs.QuantitativeResearch,11,12,TheDefinitionofMethodology,WebstersCollegiateDictionary(1977)abodyofmethods,rules,andpostulatesemployedbyadiscipline;theanalysisoftheprinciplesorproceduresofinquiryinaparticularfield.,13,SchematicoftheResearchProcess,14,Guidelinesforhelpingyoutobecreative,Gatherandusepreviouslydevelopedknowledge;Exchangeideaswithotherpeople,especiallyyourcolleagues;Captureyourintuitionbyapplyingdeductivelogic;Cultivatetheabilitytolookatthingsinalternativeways;Questionorchallengeassumptions;Practicesearchingforpatternsorrelationshipsamongoccurrencesorthings;,15,Donotbeafraidtotakerisks;Cultivateadegreeoftoleranceforuncertainty;Allowyourcuriosity;Whenyouareunabletoresolveatroublesomeproblem,tryabandoningit,atleastinyourconsciousmind,forawhile;Disciplineyourselftowritedownyourthoughts;Createsituationsinwhichyouhavefreedomfromdistraction;,16,TheSearchforQuantitativeEconomicKnowledgeThePostulationApproachlogictoobtainknowledge,17,TheExpe