2019年北京高考说明词汇表.doc

附录附录4 词汇表带号的单词仅要求考生了解其意思说明：1.本词汇表共收3000个单词，含义务教育阶段要求掌握的1500个单词。高中英语必修课程应学习和掌握500个单词（表中加有一个*号），累计达2000。选择性必修课程应学习和掌握1000个单词（表中加有两个*号），累计达3000。各地可根据实际情况在本词汇表所收词的基础上，再选择增加200个单词。2.本词汇表采用英式英语拼写形式，常见的美式拼写形式和其他拼写形式用括号加注。3.本着在具体语境中学习和使用单词的原则，本词汇表不标注单词的词性和中文释义。4.本词汇表不列词组和短语。5.本词汇表不列语法术语。6.本词汇表不列可根据构词法推导出的部分名词、形容词、副词等。7.主要国家名称及相关信息等词单独列出，供教学参考。Aa(an)abandon*abilityableaboard* about above abroad*absence*absentabsolute*absorb*abstract*abuse*academic*accent*acceptaccess*accident*accommodation*accompany*account*accurate*accuse*ache*achieveachievement*acid*acknowledge*acquire*acreacrossactactionactiveactivityactoractressactualAD*ad = advertisement*adapt*addaddition*addressadequateadjust*administration*admire*admission*admitadolescentadopt*adore*adult*advance*advantage*adventure*advertise*advertisement*adviceadviseadvocate*affair*affect*affordafraidAfricaAfrican afterafternoonafterward(s)*againagainstageagency*agentaggressiveagoagreeagreementagriculture*ahead*aid*AIDSaim*airaircraftairline*airmailairplaneairportairspacealarm*albumalcohol*alikealiveallallergicallowallowancealmostalonealongalongside*aloudalphabetalreadyalsoalternative*althoughaltogether*alwaysa.m./am, A.M./AM*amateur*amaze*amazing*Americaambassadorambassadressambition*ambulance*amongamount*amusement*analyse (AmE analyze)*analysisancestor*ancientandanger*angle*angryanimalankle*anniversaryannounce*annoy*annual*anotheranswerantAntarcticanxiety*anxious*anyanybodyanyhow*anyoneanythinganywayanywhereapart*apartment*apologize*apologyapparent*appeal*appearappearanceappendixappetite*applaud*appleapplicationapply*appointappointment*appreciate*approach*appropriate*approvalapprove*approximatelyapronarchitect*architectureArcticAreaargue*argumentarise (arose, arisen)*arithmeticarmarmchairarmyaroundarrangearrangement*arrest*arrivalarrivearrow*artarticleartificial*artistasashashamed*AsiaAsianaside*askasleepaspect*assess*assessmentassistassistanceassistantassociateassociation*assume*assumption*astonish*astronaut*astronomer*astronomyatathlete*Atlantic*atmosphere*atomattach*attack*attempt*attendattentionattitude*attract*attractionattractiveaudience*auntauthor*authority*automatic*autumnavailable*avenueaverage*avoidawake (awoke, awoken)award* aware*awayawfulawkward*Bbabybackbackgroundbackward(s)*bacon*bacterium (pl. bacteria)bad (sores, worst)badminton*bagbaggagebakery*balance*ball balloonbambooban*banana band*bankbar*barbecue*barberbare*bargainbark*barrier*base*baseballbasementbasicbasin*basis*basketbasketballbat*bath*bathebathroombathtubbattery*battle*bay*BC*be (am, is, are, was, were, being, been)beachbeanbearbeard*beastbeat (beat, beaten)beautifulbeauty*becausebecome (became, become)bedbedroombeebeefbeerbeforebegbegin (began, begun)behalf*behave*behaviour (AmE behavior)behindbeing*belief*believebell belong*belowbelt*benchbend (bent, bent)*beneath*benefit*besidebesidesbetweenbeyond*bicyclebidbigbike = bicyclebillbiographybiology*birdbirthbirthdaybirthplacebiscuitbitbite*bitter*blackblackboardblame*blank*blanket*bleed (bled, bled)*bless*blindblockbloodblouseblowblueboardboatbodyboil*bomb*bond*bonebonus*bookboomboot*border*boredboringbornborrowbossbothbother*bottle bottombounce*bound*boundary*bow*bowlbowling*boxboxing*boybrainbrakebranch*brandbravebreadbreakbreakfastbreast*breath*breathe*brick*bride/bridegroom*bridgebrief*brightbrilliant*bring (brought, brought)broad*broadcast (broadcast, broadcast或-ed, -ed)*brochure*brokenbroombrotherbrownbrushbudget*buffet*build (built, built)buildingbunch*burdenburglarburn (burnt, burnt或-ed, -ed)burstbury*busbushbusinessbusinessman/ businesswoman (pl. businessmen/ businesswomen)busybutbutcher*butter*butterflybutton*buy (bought, bought)byByeCcabbage*cafe*cafeteria*cage*calculate*cakecallcalm*camel*cameracampcampaign*cancancelcancer*candidate*candlecandycanteen*capcapitalcaptain*carcardcarecarefulcarelesscarpentercarpet*carriagecarrotcarrycartooncarve*case*cash*cassettecast (cat, cast)*castle*casualcatcataloguecatch (caught, caught)category*cattle*causecautiouscave*CD = compact diskceiling*celebratecelebrationcell*centcentigradecentimetre (AmE centimeter)*centralcentre (AmE center)centuryceremonycertaincertificate*chain*chairchairman/chairwoman (pl. chairmen/ chairwomen)*chalkchallenge*challengingchampion*chancechangechannel*chantcharacter*characteristic*charge*chapter*chart*chat*cheapcheat*checkcheek*cheercheerfulcheese*chef*chemical*chemist*chemistrycheque (AmE check)chesschest*chew*chicken chief*child (pl. children)childhoodchocolatechoicechoke*choose (chose, chosen)chopsticksChristmaschurch*cigarcigarette*cinemacirclecircuit*circulatecircumstancecircus*citizen*citycivil*civilian*civilization*clap*clarify*classclassic*classmateclassroomclawcleancleanerclearclerk*cleverclick*climate*climbclinic*clockclone*closecloth*clothesclothingcloudcloudyclubclumsycoachcoalcoastcoatcocoacoffeecoincokecoldcollar*colleaguecollectcollection*collegecolour (AmE color)combcombine*come (came, come)comedy*comfort*comfortablecommandcomment*commercial*commit*commitment*committee*commoncommunicatecommunicationcommunismcompanioncompany*compare compete*competence*competitioncompletecomplex*component*composition*comprehension*compromisecompulsorycomputerconcentrate*concept*concern*concertconclude*conclusion*concrete*conditionconduct*conductorconference*confidentconfirm*conflict*confusecongratulation*connectconnectionconsequence*conservativeconsiderconsiderationconsist*consistent*constant*constructconstruction*consultconsume*contain*contemporary*content*continent*continuecontradictcontrary*contributecontribution*controlcontroversialconvenienceconvenient*conventional*conversationconvince*cookcookercookiecoolcopycorncornercorporationcorrectcorrectioncorrespond*costcosycottage*cotton*coughcouldcountcountercountrycountrysidecouplecouragecoursecourt*courtyardcousincovercowcrash*crayoncrazycream*createcreature*credit*crew*crime*criminalcriterion (pl. criteria) * critical*crop*crosscrossroadscrowd*cruel*cryculturecupcupboard*cure*curious*currencycurriculumcurtain*cushioncustom*customercustomscutcutecycle*cyclistDdad = daddydailydamage*damp*dancedangerdangerousdare*darkdarknessdata*database*datedaughterdaydeaddeadline*deafdealdeardeath*debate*debt*decade*decidedecisiondeclare*declinedecorate*decrease*deeddeepdeer*defeat*defence (AmE defense) *defend*degreedelay*delete*deliberatelydelicate*deliciousdeliver*device*demand*dentistdepartment*departure*dependdepositdepth*describedescription*desert*deserve*design*desire*deskdesperate*dessert*destination*destroy* detaildetective*determine*developdevelopmentdevote*devotiondiagram*dialdialogue (AmE dialog)diamond*diarydictationdictionarydiediet*differ*differencedifferentdifficultdifficultydig (dug, dug)digest*digital*dimension*dinnerdinosaur*dipdiplomadirectdirectiondirectordirectory*dirtydisability*disabled*disadvantagedisagreedisagreementdisappear*disappointdisappointed*disaster*discount*discoverdiscoverydiscussdiscussiondisease*disgustingdishdisk = discdislikedismiss*distance*distant*distinctiondistinguish*distributedistrict*disturb*dive*dividedivision*divorcedo (did, done)doctordocument*dogdolldollardonate*doordorm = dormitory*dotdoubledoubtdowndownload*downstairs*downtown*dozen*Dr = doctordraft*drag*draw (drew, drawn)drawer*dreamdressdrill*drinkdrivedriverdropdrug*drumdrunkdryduckdue*dulldumplingduring dust*dustbindustyduty*DVD = digital video diskdynasty*Eeach eager*eagle*earearlyearn*earthearthquakeeastEasternEasterneasyeat (ate, eaten)ecology*edge* editioneditoreducateeducationeducator*effect*effort*eggeggplanteitherelderelectelectricelectricalelectricity*electronicelegant*elephantelsee-mail/ emailembarrass*embassyemergency*employ*emptyencourageencouragementendenemyenergetic*energy*engine*engineerenjoyenjoyableenoughenquiryenterenterprise*entertainment*enthusiastic*entireentrance*entryenvelope*environmentenvy*equal*equipment*erasererror*escape*especiallyessay*EuropeEuropeanevaluate*eveneveningevent*eventually*evereveryeverybodyeverydayeveryoneeverythingeverywhereevidence*evolutionexactexam = examinationexamine*exampleexcellentexceptexchange*exciteexcuseexerciseexhibition*exist*existenceexit*expand*expectexpectation*expense*expensiveexperienceexperiment*expert*explainexplanationexplode*exploreexport*expose*expressexpressionextension*extra*extraordinary*extreme*eyeeyesightFfacefacialfactfactoryfadefailfailure*fairfaith*fallfalse*familiar*familyfamousfanfancy*fantasticfantasy*far (farther, farthest, further, furthest)farefarmfarmerfastfastenfatfatherfault*favour( AmE favor)*favourite (AmE favorite)faxfearfeatherfederalfeefeed (fed, fedfeel (felt, felt)feelingfellow*female*fence*festivalfetch*feverfewfieldfiercefightfigure*file*fillfilmfinalfinance*find (found, found)finefingerfinishfirefirm*fishfisherman (pl. fishermen)fist*fitfixflagflameflash*flashlightflat*fleshflexible*flight*floatflood*floorflour*flow*flowerflufluent*flyfocus*fogfoggy*fold*folk*followfond*foodfoolfoolishfoot (pl. feet)footballforforbidforceforecast*forehead*foreignforeignerforestforever*forget (forgot, forgot/ forgotten)forgive (forgave, forgiven)*forkformformat*former*fortnightfortunate*fortunefortyforward*fosterfound*fox*frameworkfrancfreefreedom*freewayfreeze (froze, frozen)*frequent*freshrefrigerator = fridgefriendfriendlyfriendshipfrighten*frog*fromfrontfrost*fruitfry*fuel*fullfunfunction*fundamental*funeralfunnyfurfurniture*futureGgain*gallery*gallongamegaragegarbage*gardengarlic*gas*gategather*gaygeneralgeneration*generous*gentle*gentleman (pl. gentlemen)geographygestureget (got, got)giftgifted*giraffegirlgive (gave, given)gladglanceglareglassglobe*gloryglovegluego (went, gone)goal*goat*godgoldgoldengolf*good (better, best)goods*goose (pl. geese)governgovernmentgradegradual*graduate*graduationgrain*gram*grammargrand*grandchild (pl. grandchildren)granddaughtergrandma = grandmothergrandpa = grandfathergrandparentsgrandsongrannygrapegraphgrasp*grassgrateful*greatgreedy*greengreengrocergreeting*grey (AmE gray)grocery*groundgroupgrow (grew, grown)growthguarantee*guardguessguestguidance*guideguilty*guitargungym = gymnasium*gymnastics*Hhabithairhalfhallham*hamburgerhammerhandhandbaghandkerchief*handlehandsomehandwriting*handyhang (hung, hung或ed, ed)happenhappinesshappyharbour (AmE harbor)hardhardlyhardworkingharm*harmfulharmony*harvest*hathatehave (had, had)heheadheadacheheadlineheadmasterheadmistresshealthhealthyhear (heard, heard)hearingheartheatheavenheavyheelheighthelicopterhellohelphelpfulhenherhereherohersherselfhesitate*hihidehighhighwayhillhimhimselfhire*hishistoryhit (hit hit)hobbyholdholeholidayholyhomehomelandhometownhomeworkhonesthoney*honour (AmE honor)*hookhopehopefulhopelesshorrible*horsehospitalhost*hostesshothotdoghotelhourhousehousewifehouseworkhowhoweverhug*hugehumanhuman beinghumoroushoumour (AmE humor)hungerhungryhunthunterhurryhurt (hurt, hurt)husbandIIiceice-cream/ice creamideaidentity*idiom*ifignore*illillegal*illnessimagineimmediately*immigration imply*import*importanceimportantimpossibleimpress*impression*improve*ininch*incident*includeincome*increaseindeed*independenceindependent*indicate*industry infer*influenceinforminformationinitial*injureinjury*inkinninnocent*insect*insertinsideinsist*inspectinspire*instant*insteadinstitute*institution*instrumentinsurance*intelligence*intend*intention*interestinterestinginternationalInternetinterpreter*interrupt*intervalinterviewintointroduceintroductioninventinventioninvitationinvite involve*iron*islandititsitselfJjacketjam*jarjaw*jazz*jeans*jeepjewelleryjobjoinjokejournalist*journeyjoy*judge*judgementjuicejumpjunior*justjustice*Kkangaroo*keep (kept, kept)kettle*keykeyboardkickkidkillkilokilogramkilometer (AmE kilometer)kindkindergarten*kindnesskingkingdom*kisskitchenkitekneeknife (pl. knives)knockknow (knew, known)knowledgeLLab = laboratorylabour (AmE labor) *lack*ladylakelamb*lamp*landlanguagelap*largelastlatelatterlaughlaughterlaundrylawlawyer*lay (laid, laid)lazylead (led, led)leaderleaf (pl. leaves)league*leak*learn (learnt, learnt或ed, ed)leastleather*leavelecture*leftleglegal*leisure*lemonlemonadelend (lent, lent)length*lessonlet (let, let)letterlevelliberty*librarylicense (AmE license)*lidlielife (pl. lives)liftlightlightninglikelikely*limit*linelink*lionlipliquid*listlistenliterature* literary*litre (AmE liter)litterlittle (less, least)livelivelyload*locallocklonelylonglookloose*lorrylose (lost, lost)loss*lotloudloungelovelovelylowluckluckyluggagelunchlung*Mmachinemadmadam/ madame*magazinemagicmailmailboxmainmainlandmajor*majority*makemale*man (pl. men)managemanagermankind*manner*many (more, most)mapmarch*markmarketmarriage*marrymaskmass*master*matmatchmaterial*math/ maths = mathematicsmattermature*maximummay (might)maybememealmeanmeaningmeans*meanwhilemeasure*meatmedal*mediamedicalmedicinemedium (pl. media) *meet (met, met)meetingmembermemory*mendmentalmentionmenumerchantmercy*merely*merry*messmessagemessymetal*methodmetre (AmE meter)middlemidnight*mightmild*milemilkmillionairemindminemineral*minibusminimum*minister*ministryminority*minusminutemirror*missmissile*mistakemistakenmisunderstand (misunderstood, misunderstood)mixmixture*mm = millimetremobilemodelmodernmodestmom = mummoment*mommy = mummymoneymonitor*monkeymonthmoonmoral*moremorningmosquito*mostmothermotherlandmotivation*motorcyclemottomountainmouse (pl. mice)moustachemouthmovemovement*movieMr. (mister)Mrs. (mistress)Ms.muchmud*muddymultiply*murder*museummushroom*musicmusicalmusicianmustmymyselfNnail*namenarrow*nation*nationalnationality*native*naturalnaturenavy*nearnearby*nearlyneat*necessarynecknecklaceneedneedle* negative*negotiate*neighbour (AmE neighbor)neighbourhood (AmE neighborhood) * neutralnevernewnewsnewspapernextniceniece*nightnoNo. = numbernoble*nobodynodnoisenoisynonenoodlenoonnornormal*northnortheastnorthernnorthwestnosenotnotenotebooknothingnoticenovel*nownowadaysnowh