老外如何在中国就医.doc

How to see a doctor in China?It is never nice to fall sick or ill in a strange country. What happens if you do and need to seek medical help? Let us provide you with some useful medical advize and tips and howto seek medical help or assistance in China.The Chinese medical system comprises mostly of public and private hospitals. Small and personalized clinics are stilluncommon.Big cities in China like Beijing and Shanghai have hospitals,clinics and dentistsestablished for foreigners.Many of them are a part of local hospitals.Most hospitals in China practize the Westernmedical treatment system while a good percentage practizes Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Increasingly, a large percentage of hospitals also practize a mixture of Western andChinese medicine. Some can offer a full range of medical services such as operations, check-ups and in-patient facilities while other smaller clinics may simply be able to diagnose the symptoms of minor ailments.Common procedures to visit a doctor in Chinas hospitalsThe first thing you should know about local medical services is the emergency call number 120. You can dial 120 from anywhere. An ambulance will normally arrive in a few minutesbut traffic conditions can cause delays.Most Chinese will visit a local hospital. If your company doesnt cover medical expenses oryou cant find a Western clinic because you are in a much smaller town, you can also try visiting a local Chinese hospital. If you wish to do what Chinese do, and youve decided tosee a doctor in a local public hospital, you should have an interpreter accompany you asmost of the doctors and nurses dont speak English fluently. You should have some basic knowledge such as the procedures (please read the English-Chinese chart on how to visita doctor in China hopitals) and some useful Chinese medical phrases。Treatment are mostly Western medical techniques including diagnosis, medication, injection or the neccessary scans. However, medications can be a mixture of Western and Chinese drugs.Your doctor may give you a prescription for you to buymedicine in a drugstore, most of the time at the lobby of theout-patient section biulding. Go to a drugstore, show thechemist the prescription and youll be given what you need. Medicines in independent drugstores are often cheaper than those in hospital pharmacies.Cultural shockChinese medical care system is improving all the time, but if you need to visit a doctor in a local hospital, especially in a small city, do be prepared for some cultural shock.Local hospitals are still pretty poor in the area of personal privacy and so do not be surprised if you share a consulting room with more than one patient.If you need to be hospitalized, you may be shocked by the low hygiene standard practizedin the smaller hospitals and privacy is always a problem as you are likely to share a wardwith a few other patients. Visiting hours tend not to be observed and some patients has many visitors that may turned a shared ward into a noisy room. You may find such lapse of privacy a major irritant.Chinese health beliefChinese believe in the adage that prevention is always better than cure. Hence, it is very common to see Chinese practize Qi-Gong or Tai-Chi(forms of Chinese martial arts) inparks and gardens to achieve good internal health and strength.If you do not have time to pick up such skills, the Chinese always believe that Tui-Na (推拿a form of Chinese massage) and reflexology (足疗 Foot massage) can go a long waytowards maintaining good health. The Chinese has a long tradition for Chinese Kung Fu or martial arts. Training injuries are very common and herbal plasters and ointments to treatpain and ache are very popular and effective.Common health tips when travelling to ChinaThe best method to avoid seeing a doctor is not to fall ill. Bring some common medicines you use at home, andkeep them in your bag just for emergency. When travelling, get plenty of rest and sleep. Drink plenty of fluid, but in China, try to avoid drinkingdirectly from the water tap. Drink from bottled drinks andalways boil the water if your only choice is the tap. Always eat in a restaurant that has plenty of customers. Avoid restaurants that do not have customers and certainlyavoid street stalls.如何在中国就医在一个异国生病总是一件令人不快的事情。但是如果你真的生病了，你会如何寻求帮助呢？我们会给你一些有用的建议，让你知道如何在中国就医。在中国有公立医院和私立医院之分。一些小的私人诊所已经不常为人所见。在中国的一些大城市，如北京、上海，有专门为外国人建立的医院、诊所和牙医诊所。许多医院是地方性医院。在中国大部分医院采用西医疗法，有部分医院采用传统中医疗法。越来越多的医院采用中西医结合疗法。一些医院可以提供全套的医疗服务，如手术、检查、住院；另外一些小诊所只能简单诊断轻微疾病。在中国医院就医的一般程序首先你需要知道中国的医疗急救电话是120。你可以在任何地方拨打120。通常救护车在几分钟内就会到达，但是如果交通状况不佳就会延误。大部分中国人会在当地医院就诊。如果你所在的公司无法支付你的医疗费用，亦或是由于你所在的镇相对较小而无法找到一家西医诊所，你可以试着去当地的中国医院就诊。如果你决定入乡随俗，在当地的公立医院就诊，你需要一名随身口译，因为大部分的医生和护士英语都说的不流利。你需要掌握一些基本的知识，如就医程序(请参阅中英表之如何在中国就医)和一些实用的中国医学短语。大多数治疗，包括诊断、药物、注射或是扫描，都采用西医技术。但是药物可能是将西药和中药相结合。你的医生可能会给你开处方，让你去药房买药，通常药房就在门诊大楼里。去药房给药剂师看处方，之后你就能拿到药。往往外面药店的药比医院药房里的便宜。文化休克中国的医疗体系一直在改善，但是如果你要去当地医院就医，尤其在小城市里，你会感到一些文化差异。在保护个人隐私方面地方性医院做的相当不好，所以如果你和几个病人共享一间诊室也没必要惊讶。如果你需要住院，你也许会因小医院的卫生标准而感到震惊，同样个人隐私也很成问题，因为你有可能和其他几个病人共享一间病房。探病时间也没有限制。有些病人有很多的到访者，因此病房就会变得很吵闹。你会发现这极易导致隐私外露。中国人的健康信念中国人相信预防比治疗更重要。你经常可以看到中国人在公园