some和any的用法.docx

some和any的用法1. some adj.一些；某些；某个 pron. 某些；若干；某些人a. adj. some可以修饰可数名词或不可数名词，意为“某些”。Some people are playing football. (some+可数名词)I ate some bread. (some+不可数名词)b. adj. some后面可以修饰可数名词的单数，意为“某(个)”。Some day you will know. (some+可数名词的单数)有一天你会知道的。Some student cheated in the exam.(some+可数名词的单数)有个学生考试作弊。对比：Some students cheated in the exam.有些学生考试作弊。c. pron. some此时作代词，后面不需要再加名词就可以表示“有些(人)”的意思。All students are in the classroom, and some are doing their homework.d. pron. some作代词，意为“若干()”。There are 10 apples on the table. You can take some.桌上10个苹果，你可以拿走一些。2. any adj.任何的；所有的 pron.任何一个；任何a. adj. any可以修饰可数名词和不可数名词，意为“任何的，所有的任何一（）”。（用于否定意义的陈述句、疑问句、条件状语从句if中）Do you have any ideas?(any+可数名词复数)(疑问句)你有什么想法吗？I dont have any bread.(any+不可数名词)(否定意义的陈述句)Please tell me if you have any problem.(if引导的条件状语从句)b. any后面可以加可数名词的单数，意为“任何一（）”。Any error would lead to failure.(any+可数名词单数)任何（一个）错误都会导致失败。c. pron. any此时作代词，与some里面c点的用法相似，只是表示这个意义的时候，any多用于否定句和疑问句中。比较：There are 10 apples on the table. You can take some. 桌子上有10个苹果，你可以拿走一些。 There are 10 apples on the table, but you cant take any. 桌子上有10个苹果，但是你不能拿。 There are some apples on the table.桌上有些苹果。 There arent any apples on the table.桌上没有苹果。由此，把陈述句变为否定句/一般疑问句的时候，要把some改成any。思考：some只用于肯定句，any只用于否定句和疑问句中吗吗？不一定，要看句子本身想表达的意思。1. some可以用于肯定句和疑问句中。在表示请求、邀请、提建议等带有委婉语气的疑问句中，用some表示说话人希望得到肯定的回答。例如：Would you like some coffee?你想喝咖啡吗?这里用some而不用any，是因为说话人期待得到对方肯定的回答。（因此Would you like?你想要吗?这个句型中多用some而不用any）比较：Do you have any books?这里用any而不用some，说明这只是因为这只是纯粹的疑问。Do you have some books?这里用了some而不用any，说明说话人希望得到对方肯定的回答。 这说明some和any都可以用于疑问句。但是除了Would you like some？这个句型之外，疑问句里面一般使用的是any而不是some。2. any可以用于肯定句、if引导的条件状语从句、否定句和疑问句中。a. 当any用于肯定句或由if引导的条件状语从句时，any作“任何”解。例如：Any progress is a giant leap. 任何的进步都是一次巨大的飞跃。Let me know if you need any help. 如果需要帮助的话，请你告诉我。b. 当any用于否定句或疑问句时，它相当于some的否定形式。She didnt take any apples.她没有拿走苹果。Did you got any tickets?你拿到门票吗？因此笼统地说any只能用于否定句和疑问句是错误的。如果在否定句中any要表达的是some的意思，那么用any代替some；而如果想要表达any本身的意思“任何”，那么any可以用于肯定句、否定句和if引导的条件状语从句中。总结：1. 确定是用some还是any，关键是看句子的意思，而不是句子的形式。2. some和any后面都可以接可数名词的单数、可数名词的复数、不可数名词。3. some一般用于肯定句，少数情况用于疑问句，基本不用于否定句。 any可以用于否定句、肯定句、if引导的条件状语从句和疑问句当中。4.肯定句变为否定句和疑问句时，some要改成any。（这一点可以大致把some理解为any的否定形式）1. any用于肯定句时只有“任何的”这种意思，并没有“一些”的意思。6. not any=no.例如I dont have any apples.= I have no apples.用some和any填空。1. I have _ good friend in my classroom.2. Is there _ water in the bottle?3. Do you have _ money?4. They wont have _ time to go there.5. There are _ cakes on the table.6. I dont have _ milk for breakfast.7. Does he have _ brothers or sisters?8. There arent _ picture on the wall.9. Can I ask _ questions?10. Would you like _ hamburgers to eat?11. Can you give me _ pens?12. Do you have _ friends?13. Are there _ flowers in your room? No, there are not _.14. We have _ apples, but we dont have _ pears.15. Is there _ orange juice in the fridge? Yes, there is _.16. I can speak _ English, but I cant speak _ Russian.17. Do they have _ colored pencils? No, they dont have _.18. There isnt _ meat at home. I must go and buy _.19. Is there _ tea in the cup? No, there isnt _.20. I often have _ noodles for lunch. My father has _ rice for it.21. There are _ desks here, but there arent _ tab