2015年10月新版仁爱九年级英语Unit3topic1知识点 被动语态.doc

Unit 3 English Around the WorldTopic 1 English is widely spoken throughout the world.语法重点：一般现在时态的被动语态、如何将主动语态变为被动语态。1、大声朗读下面句子，发现规律。 Disneyland is enjoyed by millions of people from all over the world. English is spoken as the main language in America. It (English) is also widely used throughout the world now. 思考：在以上句子中，“is enjoyed”，“is spoken”和“is used” 分别意为_，_，_。这种be+ 动词的过去分词结构，叫做被动语态。 2、仔细观察2a中主动语态变为被动语态的示例，总结主动语态变为被动语态的规则。总结：1）将一个主动语态的句子变为被动语态可分为三步： a、将主动语态的宾语，变为被动语态的_； b、将主动语态的谓语动词变为be+ _，其中be有人称和数的变化； c、将主动语态的主语变为by+名词或代词宾格。 2）主动语态变为被动语态时，句子的时态、时间状语等_(需要/不需要) 变化。Step3. 精讲点拨： 1、概念：英语语态有主动语态和被动语态两种。主语是动作的执行者，叫做主动语态；主语是动作的承受者，叫做被动语态。如： We clean the classroom. 我们打扫教室。(主动语态) The classroom is cleaned (by us). 教室被(我们)打扫。（被动语态） 2、被动语态的基本构成是“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”。助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与其作为连系动词时的变化完全一样。 一般现在时的被动语态构成为：主语+am / is / are+及物动词的过去分词。 3、一般现在时的被动语态的句式变化： 1) 肯定句：主语+am/ is/are+及物动词过去分词 如： Cars are made by them. 译：_ 2) 否定句：主语+am/ is / are +not+及物动词的过去分词。如：Cars are not made by them. 3) 一般疑问句： Am/ Is / Are + 主语+及物动词的过去分词？如： Are cars made by them. 译：_ 4、被动语态的用法： 1) 在没有指明动作的执行者或者不知道动作执行者的情况下，可用被动语态。如： This coat is made of cotton.译：_Her bike is stolen.译：_ 注意：1) 主动、被动互相转换时，时态不变； 2) 主动句的主语是代词的主格形式，变成被动句by的宾语时，要用宾格形式。 如：They grow rice in the south. Rice is grown (by them) in the south. 他们在南方种植水稻。 在南方水稻被(他们)种植。 She takes care of the baby. The baby is taken care of (by her). 她照顾这个婴儿。 这个婴儿由她照顾。 注意：动词短语be taken care of后虽然没有宾语，但句子的主语the baby实际上仍是它逻辑上的宾语，所以介词of一定不能省略。Step 4. 典题训练： 1、根据汉语提示，完成句子。1.如果你想通过考试，从今以后你要更努力学习。 If you want to pass the exam, study harder_ _ _ .2.我对新房子感到十分满意。 I_ _ _my new house.3.吸烟不仅对你自己有害，同时又损害他人。 Smoking does harm to yourself_ _ _others.2、将下列句子变为被动语态。1) The workers make farm machines in that factory. _2) Many foreigners visit the Great Wall every year. _3) Most students love their English teacher, Miss Lee._4) Farmers use animals to do farm work. _5) We plant many trees every year. _Step5 归纳小结： 本节课初步学习了一般现在时的被动语态，我掌握了它的结构：_ _；还学会了怎样把主动语态变为被动语态；还初步了解了英语的使用情况。Topic1 Section A重点生词和短语stick 贴，粘language 语言 from now on 从现在开始 be pleased with 对.喜欢/满意cant wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事课文短语知识点检测： 1、将下列英文短语译成中文。English language _ throughout the world _ from now on _be pleased with _ cant wait to do sth. _ have a chance to do _be / get ready for _ one day _cartoon character_重点句子： 1. You can stick it on the wall in your room. 你可以把它贴在你房间的海报上。 stick 作动词表示“粘贴，粘住”，作名词表示“木棍，枝条”。 拓展：stick to 坚持，坚守，后接名词或动名词。即：stick to+n./ doing sth.如： He always sticks his own decision. 译：_。 He sticks to speaking English every day. 译：_。 2. Disneyland is enjoyed by millions of people from all over the world. 世界上数以百万的人都喜欢迪斯尼乐园。参考课本语法部分被动语态。 3. I hope I can go there one day. one day 可以表示“将来有一天”，也可表示“过去曾经有一天”。 对比：some day 只表示“将来有一天”。 4. cant wait to do sth. 表示“迫不及待地做某事” cant help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事 wait for sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事 wait for 等待，等候 5. have a (good) chance to do sth. 有(好)机会做某事 have no chance to do sth. 没有机会做某事 6. throughout 介词，遍及，贯穿。 throughout the world表示“全世界”，相当于all over the world，或 around the world. 7. try ones best相当于do ones best 表示“竭尽全力做某事” try to do sth.努力做某事, try doing sth.试着做某事 8. from now on 从现在开始 9. be pleased with表示“对.满意”。 be satisfied with对满足/满意，指我们达到期望时所感觉的满足，有积极的、愉快的意思 如： She is satisfied with her sons progress. 译：_Step 4. 典题训练： 1、根据汉语或首字母提示完成句子。1) The little boy often _ his pictures _(把.粘上) the wall.2) If you want to pass the exam, study harder _(从今以后).3) We _(对感到满意) what he said just now.4) Many foreign tourists _(迫不及待地) visit China nowadays. 2、单项选择。( )1. Would you like to see the film Hero? Of course. I cant wait _it. A. see B. seeing C. to see D. saw( )2. Beijing Opera is _ many foreigners. A. enjoy by B. enjoying by C. enjoyed by D. enjoyed( )3._ people all over the world take part in the activity to save energy. A. Millions of B. Million of C. Five millions D. Million( )4.Most of rice in China _ in the south. A. are grown B. is grown C. grow D. grows( )5.The windows of our classroom_once a week. A.is cleaned B. clean C. are cleaned D. cleans 3、按要求改写句子。1) Pollution is a serious problem in big cities throughout the world.(同义句转换) Pollution is a serious problem in big cities _ _ the world.2) Today people use computers in both cities and towns.(改为被动语态) Today _ _ _ _people in both cities and towns.3) I write a letter to my parents once a month.(改为被动语态) A letter _ _ to my parents by _ once a month.Step5 归纳小结：本节课学习的主要新词有stick, _等；短语有have a look _等；进一步学习了语法被动语态。我掌握的句子有：_。Topic1 SectionB重点单词及短语：on business 出差 be similar to 和.相似company 公司 interpreter 翻译员，口译员, get along with sb 与某人相处 night table床头柜, divide 分，划分divide into 把.分成 1、中英互译。公司 _ 语言_ 无论何时 _ 翻译官 _ on business _ be similar to _ o _get along with sb. _ o. _ night table _Step3. 精讲点拨： 1. Im going to Cuba on business tonight.译：_ on business 出差 拓展：do business with sb. 和某人做生意 I went to Beijing on business last month. 译：_ 2. Is Spanish similar to English? 译：_ be similar to 和相似 如： Marys bike is similar to Janes. 译：_ 比较：be the same as 和.一样 如： This book is the same as that one. 译：_ 3. Not really. 事实上没有，不全是。 4. Is it possible for you to have trouble communicating? 译：_ Its possible for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是可能的。 have (no ) trouble / difficulty (in) doing sth表示“做.（没）有困难/ 麻烦”。 拓展：be in trouble 处于不幸、困境中 get out of trouble 走出困境 5. If necessary表示“如果有必要” 如： If necessary, you can keep a diary after class to improve your English. 6. Ill ask an interpreter for help. ask sb. for help 向某人求助 7. wish a.接双宾语表示祝愿。如：I wish you good luck. b.wish (sb.) to do sth. 希望（某人）做某事。如：I wish my parents to go with me. c.接从句表示“愿望”，从句用虚拟语气。如：I wish you were here.Step 4. 典题训练： 1、根据汉语提示完成句子。1) Do you often go to Beijing _ _(出差)?2) _ _（如果有必要）, you can keep a diary to improve your English. 3) We are going to _the class _(把.分成) small groups. 2、单项选择。( )1. This dictionary is similar _that one. A. with B. to C. as D.for( )2. It is possible _ there by bus. A. that get B. to get C. getting D. for getting( )3. He has some trouble _English. A. to study B. study C. studying D. studied( )4. These kinds of clothes _ those workers _ Shanghai. A. make by; by B. made by; in C. are made by; in D. are made by; by( )5. English is spoken _ a second language by many people. A. as B. for C. in D. by( )6. The dictionaries _ tools for students to look up new words. A. used for B. are used as C. used to D. is used to 3、句型转换。1. It is possible that you will have some trouble.(同义句转换) It is possible _ _ _ have some trouble.2. The Great Wall is visited every day by many foreigners.(改为主动语态) Many foreigners _ _ _ _ every day.3. Their ways to solve the problem arent different.(同义句转换) Their ways to solve the problem _ _ _.Step5 归纳小结：本节课学习的主要新词有language, _等；短语有on business, _等；了解了语言的差异和重要性。我掌握的句子有：_。Topic1 SectionC重点词汇：Tongue 语言、方言, mother tongue 母语, second language 第二语言, trader 商人 native 本地的、当地的 state 国家、洲 speaker讲某种语言的人，、发言人, communicate, 交流/际conference 会议, tourist 旅行者、观光者1、翻译：state _ speaker _ communicate _ trader_ conference _ tourist _ root_ native_mother tongue _the second language _ the number of _international business_ be used as _ different fields of life_Step3. 精讲点拨： 1. There are more than 3000 languages spoken in the world. more than = over “超过,多于”(+数词) 如： more than ten men 十多人. 2. Recent surveys show that more than500 million people speak English as their mother tongue. 译：_show(v.) show sb. the way to 告诉某人去的路show sb. sth./ show sth. to sb.出示某物给某人as作为 如：as their first / second language 偢他们的第一 / 二语言 3. the number of +复数名词 谓语用单数。 “.的总数/数量是.”（强调的是数） a number of+ 复数名词 谓语用复数 “许多.” （强调的是后面的名词） 4. There are even more people, like some in Europe as well as in China and Japan, who study English as a foreign language.在中国和日本，还有欧洲，甚至有更多的人把英语作为外语来学习。 as well as也，还有 此句中画线部分为定语从句，修饰前面的people，其中people为先行词，who为关系代词 。Step 4. 典题训练： 1、根据句意和首字母及中文提示填写单词。1) English is also spoken as