中考英语宾语从句知识点梳理及操练.doc

中考英语宾语从句知识点梳理及操练八.宾语从句:整个句子是一个动词或一个介词的宾语，这样的句子就叫做宾语从句。宾语从句是整个复合句的一部分，因此它的变化必然会受到前面主句的影响。在一般情况下，主句的时态如果是一般过去时，宾语从句的时态也必须作相应的调整，即由“一般现在时”变为“一般过去时”、 由“现在进行时”变为“过去进行时”、 由“现在完成时”变为“过去完成时”、 由“一般将来时”变为“过去将来时”。此外，还要根据句意，对其他各种词语作相应的调整，如：you he；ago before；next week the next week， 等。但是，也有例外；即带有真理性质的“一般现在时”不变。“真理”通常有以下几种表达形式：1.宇宙、自然界的规律活动 2.类似于光速比音速快的固定法则 3.没有时间概念的词义或句意，如：He asked me what this word means. “疑问句”作宾语从句时，要注意把词序作必要的调整，即要象肯定句和否定句那样，先写主语、后写谓语动词。因此，在宾语从句中不该有表示倒叙形式的助动词“do”、“does”、“did”。例题解析:( ) Please tell me _ this afternoon.A) that it rains B) that it will rainC) if it rainsD) if it will rain 前句“Please tell me”带有疑问色彩，因此关联词要用疑问代词或疑问副词，或用也带有疑问色彩的从属连词“if”(是否)，不能选不带疑问色彩的从属连词“that”。再根据“this afternoon”(今天下午)之意，选表示经常下雨的“it rains”词语是不妥的。所以本题答案应该选“D”。( ) I dont think you will pass the history examination, _? A) do IB) dont IC) will youD) wont you 这是一句特殊的反意疑问句。因为按照语法说成“do I”是毫无意义和违背常情的，因此该句要根据从句中的动词来进行反问才合乎逻辑。所以本题答案应该选“C”。( ) We havent discussed _ we should do like that. A) about ifB) about howC) whetherD) if “discuss”是及物动词，与动词“serve”相仿，后面要直接跟宾语。“讨论关于”是汉语中的习惯说法，学生往往会错误地选用“about”回答。因此，我们在学英语时，要特别注意汉语思路的干扰。“whether”、“if”都有“是否”之意，一般情况下可以通用。但是，在以下几种情况下都应该用“whether”：1.在句首作主语从句时。2. 与“ or not”连用成词组时。3.作介词后的宾语从句时。 4. 在“discuss”后作宾语从句时。 5. 跟不定式“to do”时。所以本题答案应该选“C”。( ) Could you tell me _? A) what was the matter with himB) what the matter was with him C) whats the matter with himD) what the matter is with him 这是句主谓语不需要调整的特殊的“宾语从句”，因此，只要注意时态的变化就可以了。由于“Could you ?”句型与“Would you ?”句型相仿，它是口语中表示客套的一种虚拟语气，不表达“过去时”，因此，后面从句中的动词不需要作调整，整个从句跟原来的疑问句的说法完全相同。所以本题答案应该选“C”。在英语中，这种特殊的“宾语从句”为数不多，再记一句“Which is the way to ?”与它相仿即可。习题训练:Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示，填入空格内):( ) 1. Miss Blue wanted to know _ during the summer holidays. A) where I had goneB) where I had beenC) where had I goneD) where had I been( ) 2. Would you please tell _? A) which is the way to the Park HotelB) which the way is to the Park Hotel C) which the way to the Park Hotel isD) which way to the Park Hotel is( ) 3. I asked her _. A) which he liked best one C) which one did she like best C) which one does she like best D) which one she liked best( ) 4. The teacher asked us _. A) why didnt we tell him about it earlier B) when I have finished my work C) what we were interested in D) where are we going to have our lunch( ) 5. Id be interested to know _ come before 9:00 a.m. A) that he will B) that he would C) if he will D) whether he would( ) 6. The teacher told us that _. A) the earth turns round the sun. B) the earth turned round the sun. C) the sun turns round the earth. D) the sun turned round