杨浦秋季补习班 新王牌小班 初二英语单元练习10.doc

八年级暑假班讲义 Unit 5 Encyclopaedias(一)一、词汇Words1. exist v. 存在，生存 eg. The Roman Empire existed for several centuries. The old lady exists only on coffee and bread. 【知识拓展】exist 的名词形式是existence n. 存在，实在 【反义】：extinct v. 灭绝【常见搭配】 exist as 作为而存在，以形态存在 exist in 存在于中 exist on 靠生活，靠生存2. gentle adj. 温和的，文雅的 eg. He was a gentle, patient man who loved playing with his grandchildren.【知识拓展】gentle的副词形式是gently adv. 轻轻地，逐渐地。 3. harmful adj. 有害的 eg. The new drug has no harmful side-effects.【知识拓展】harm v./n. 对有害；害处 do harm to sth 对造成伤害【反义】harmless adj. 无害的eg. Their dog seems fierce, but hes harmless.4. fierce adj. 凶猛的 【知识拓展】fiercely adv. 猛烈地，厉害地5. possible adj. 可能的，可能属实的 eg. Ill help you if possible.【知识拓展】 possibly adv. 可能地 A.S.A.P.= as soon as possible 6. amusement n. 娱乐【知识拓展】 amuse v. 使发笑，使愉快 amused adj. 愉快的，开心的，好玩的 amusing adj. 有趣的7. mail n. 邮件 eg. Their mail is delivered to boxes on the roads near their factory.【注意】mail 无复数，泛指各种邮件。8. create v. 创造，创建 【知识拓展】creation n. 创造，创造力 creator n. 创造者（the Creator上帝）creative adj. 有创造力的 creativity n. 创造力；艺术创新【知识点比较】create与makemake与create指“创造”时可换用。但当指“创作，塑造”等意义时，一般用create，而不用make。试比较： They dont believe that God created/made man.He created the characters. 9. deliver v. 递送【知识拓展】delivery n. 递送，交付 deliverer n. 递送人 10. skeleton n. 骨骼，骼髅e. g. Tommy is so thin that he looks like a skeleton. 汤姆如此瘦，以致看上去瘦骨嶙峋。 A long illness made a skeleton out of him. 长期的疾病使他骨瘦如柴。【知识拓展】be reduced to a skeleton瘦得皮包骨 be worn to a skeleton瘦得像骷髅family skeleton家丑，见不得人的事 a walking skeleton骨瘦如柴的人 11. mouse n. 老鼠，鼠 e. g. Does your cat catch mice well? 你家的猫很会抓老鼠吗？ 【常用搭配】a field/wood mouse野鼠 a house mouse家鼠 【友情提示】mouse还可以用来指“鼠标”。 12. real adj. 实际存在的，真实的e. g. That is a real cat, not a toy. 那是一只真猫，不是玩具猫。 That old womans a real dragon! 那老妇人确实是个凶恶的家伙！ 【指点迷津】(1) real暗指某事物是真实的或货真价实的，或指看上去或宣称与事实吻合的东西。 e. g. Dont lose the bracelet；its made of real gold. 别把手镯丢了，那是真金做的。 (2) true暗指与事实、现实或事物的真实状态相一致。 e. g. Hes your father. Its true. 他是你父亲。这是真的。二、重要词组Important Phrases1. 1. look up 查（字典、词典等）与look有关才常用词组归纳如下：look at look down on look after look for look like look around/round look forward to look out look out of look up and down 2. be famous for 以而闻名 【指点迷津】be famous for与be known as的区别 be famous for 表示因某人或某个地区所拥有的东西而出名。 be known as 表示某人或某个地区的别称是什么。3. Be made of 由所制成（看得出原材料） A chair made of wood【指点迷津】Be made up from 由所制成（看不出原材料） Butter is made from milk.Be made up of由组成 Be made in (a place, a country, a city, etc)某地制造 Be made by sb. 由某人制造二、重要句型Important Sentences structures1. They were fiercer than tigers and ate meat. 它们比老虎凶猛并食肉。 be动词+比较级十than”这是形容词比较级的一种表达方式，要注意单音节词和一部分双音节词的比较级加-er构成。2. Nobody knows why. 没人知道这是为什么。 Nobody pron. “没有人，无人，谁也不”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 e. g. There is nobody in the room. 屋里没有人。 Nobody knows. 谁也不知道。 【友情提示】：nobody因本身含有否定意义，在作主语时，其谓语动词用肯定式。nobody的反义词是somebody。 e. g. Somebody is waiting for you有人在等你。 nobody为不定代词，不定代词后跟动词的单数形式。如：everybody, somebody, anybody和everything something, anything, nothing等。e. g. There is something wrong with my clock. 我的钟坏了。3. He taught that the way to be happy was to own as few things as possible.他提倡快乐的方法就是拥有尽可能少的东西。 (1)the way to be happy was to own as few things as possible中用动词不定式引导的词组来作表语，asas possible尽可能地。 (2)表示两者程度一样，可以使用as .as的句型。句中的形容词或副词不用比较级，要用原级。 e. g. My cousin is as tall as I am. 我堂兄和我一样高。 Jenny dances as beautifully as Alice. 说到跳舞，詹妮与艾丽斯跳得一样优美。Tom is as clever as Jack. 汤姆和杰克一样聪明。He runs as fast as his father.他跑步跟他父亲一样快。【知识拓展】如果表示甲在某一方面不如乙时，用“not as/so+形容词副词+as句型。e. g. It is not as/so warm today as yesterday.今天不如昨天暖和。 He did not come as/so early as Wang Lin. 他没有王林来得早。 1. I want to know the history of dinosaurs (exist)2. When did this world come into _ ? (exist)3. What nice weather! The sun is shining and the wind blows _. (gentle)4. Its (harm) to your eyes to watch too much TV. 5. Vegetables are to our health. (harm)6. Lions are far (fierce) than horses.7. The tiger is a _ animal. (fierce)I .Choose the best answer. （每题1分，共10分） ( ) 1. Walt Disney is famoushis cartoon character Mickey Mouse.A) to B) for C) ofD) as( ) 2. My grandparents have lived in Shanghai for30 years. Which one cant be used in the sentence?A) fewer than B) over C) more thanD) about( ) 3. These handbags are very beautiful and they areleather.A) made of B) made in C) made from D) made by( ) 4. Shanghai is a big city and overpeople are living here.A) sixteen millionsB) sixteen millionC) sixteen millions ofD) sixteen million of( ) 5. I lostkeys here yesterday.A) a piece of B) a pair of C) a bunch of D) an item of( ) 6. We heard the little boy the piano on our way to school yesterday morning.A) play B) plays C) to play D) playing( )7. The little girl put on her new skirt and looked even.A) happyB) happ C) happierD) happiness( ) 8. How many syllables does the word calculation have?A) Two. B) Three. C) Four. D) Five.( ) 9. I dont likepair of jeans. Would you please show me_pair over there?A) this, thisB) this, thatC) that, that D) that, this( ) 10. I would like to go to Disneyland Park in Americain the futureA) sometimB) sometimesC) some time D) some times. Rewrite the sentences as required. （每题1分，共9分）1. There is something important in this book. (改为否定句) There is_ _in this book.2. The girl was so excited that she couldnt say a word. (保持原意) The girl wasexcitedsay a word.3. My brother bought her an Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary. (改为一般疑问句)your brotheran Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionaryher?4.It took me 5 days to make this model plane. (保持原意)I5 daysthis model plane.(A） We usually go to see a doctor when we get ill. Doctors may give us some medicine to take . The medicine often makes us better soon. But sometimes the medicine doesnt work. This happened to some people. A man was in hospital, but he was not getting well. Then he found a new doctor inside himself-his own sense of humor. He saw funny films and read funny books . Then something wonderful happened-laughing took away his pain. The happy feeling helped him feel well again. He said laughing was the best medicine. His doctor thought so,too. Another man was ill, and he had a terrible pain in his back. The doctor could not stop it from hurting. So the man began to picture his pain. In his head he drew a picture of a dog. He imagined it as a real dog. And it was bitting his back. Then the man talked softly to the dog. He put his head on the dogs head. He made friends with the dog. And his pain went away! These stories may surprise you. But more and more people are getting well in this way. So call on(拜访） the doctor inside your own head and you will stay happy and well.1. The medicine given by doctors_. A.never works well B.doesnt work sometimes C.always tastes terrible D.always makes us worse2. Which of the following is wrong? A. The first patients doctor didnt think laughing was the best medicine. B. The first patient read funny books to get well. C. The first patients happy feeling helped him feel well again. D. The first patient saw funny films to get well.3. What does the underlined word imagined mean? A.帮助 B.号召 C.想象 D.希望4. The second patient felt well again because of _.A. A good doctor B.the best medicineC.the help of his friends D.a dog in his head5. We can stay happy and well by_.A. taking more medicine B.drawing a picture of a dogC.going to see a doctor D.going to see a doctor6. We can stay happy and well by_. A.taking more medicine B.drawing a picture of a dog C.going to see a doctor D.visiting the doctor inside our own heads 7. We should believe that_. A.a patient can help himself in his own way B.doctors can help all patients C.no one can help patients but themselves D.only medicine can help patients feel better（B） Yesterday the police and more than 20 volunteers started to search for the missing teenagers Vicky Gray, Tom Hunter and their guide, Gavin Jones. The police said that they had disappeared during an adventure tour of Cape York Peninsula. This was the second day of the search and it was getting dark. The rainforest was big and the search was made harder by the recent rain. Chief inspector(检察长)Roger Fleet said, The travellers had a radio with them. If they had been in trouble, they would have called us. The travellers left Cooktown very early on Saturday morning in a Toyota car. They turned to the Daibetree River, a dangerous river full of crocodiles(鳄鱼）. A photo of Vicky and Tom was found by a policeman under the Be Careful About Crocodiles sign near the river. Why was the photo left behind? This is just one of the unanswered questions. Other questions are: Why was the Toyota parked near the rainforest? Why had someone drawn a cross on the point where the car is (The travellers had left a map of ht area behind.)? What did it mean? If anyone has seen these young people or can give any information, call the local police in Cooktown.1. How long have the police and the volunteers searched for the missing people?_2. What made the search for the missing people even harder?_3. How did the travellers leave Cooktown on Saturday morning?_4. Which wasnt found by the police, a touring map,the travellers photo or the travellers radio?_5. The article doesnt tell us why a cross was drawn, does it?_6. What does the article ask people to do?_-(C) Vladimir does not know what to do. He has a big family, but he lives in a little house. He is not happy. One day he goes to the town. He talks to a wise woman. Please _1_me, he says. My wife and I have six children. We live in a very little house. We cant live in this way. The wise woman asks, How many _2_do you have? Eight. We have a horse, a cow, two pigs,and our four chickens,says Vladimir. Good. Go home now, says the wise woman, and _3_all your animals into the house. Vladimir feels surprised. But he still goes home and does what the wise woman tells him. The next week, he goes_4_to the wise woman. That is very bad!he says.The animals eat our food. are full of all the _5_. They sleep in our beds. The wise woman tells Vladimir, Now go home. Take the animals out of the house. The next day, Vladimir goes back to the wise woman. This time he is_6_. Thank you.he says. Its so great without the animals in the house. Now we can eat. Now we can sleep. Now wen like our house. Thank you for your help. You are _7_a wise woman!1.A.call B.help C.tell D.protect2.A.people B.children C.animals D.houses3.A.take B.let C.ask D.increase 4.A.up B.back C.down D.after5.A.days B.weeks C.families D.rooms6.A.sad B.worried C.happy D.surprised7.A.really B.not C.still D.also(D) Chico was born near the Amazon town, Brazil,in