园林术语中英文对照.doc

园林术语中英文对照园林设计术语1.主入口大门/岗亭(车行 & 人行) MAIN ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN ) 2.次入口/岗亭(车行 & 人行 ) 2ND ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN ) 3.商业中心入口 ENTRANCE TO SHOPPING CTR. 4.水景 WATER FEATURE 5.小型露天剧场 MINI AMPHI-THEATRE 6.迎宾景观-1 WELCOMING FEATURE-1 7.观景木台 TIMBER DECK (VIEWING) 8.竹园 BAMBOO GARDEN 9.漫步广场 WALKWAY PLAZA 10.露天咖啡廊 OUT DOOR CAFE 11.巨大迎宾水景-2 GRAND WELCOMING FEATURE-2 12.木桥 TIMBER BRIDGE 13.石景、水瀑、洞穴、观景台 ROCKSCAPE / WATERFALLS / GROTTO / VIEWING TERRACE 14.吊桥 HANGING BRIDGE 15.休憩台地(低处) LOUNGING TERRACE (LOWER ) 16.休憩台地(高处) LOUNGING TERRACE (UPPER ) 17.特色踏步 FEATURE STEPPING STONE 18.野趣小溪 RIVER WILD 19.儿童乐园 CHILDRENS PLAYGROUND 20.旱冰道 SLIDE 21.羽毛球场 BADMINTON COURT22.旱景 DRY LANDSCAPE 23.日艺园 JAPANESE GARDEN 24.旱喷泉 DRY FOUNTAIN 25.观景台 VIEWING DECK 26.游泳池 SWIMMING POOL 27.极可意 JACUZZI 28.嬉水池 WADING POOL 29.儿童泳池 CHILDRENS POOL 30.蜿蜒水墙 WINDING WALL 31.石景雕塑 ROCK SCULPTURE 32.中心广场 CENTRAL PLAZA 33.健身广场 EXERCISE PLAZA 34.桥 BRIDGE 35.交流广场 MEDITATING PLAZA 36.趣味树阵 TREE BATTLE FORMATION 37.停车场 PARING AREA 38.特色花架 TRELLIS 39.雕塑小道 SCULPTURE TRAIL 40.(高尔夫)轻击区 PUTTING GREEN 41.高尔夫球会所 GOLF CLUBHOUSE 42.每栋建筑入口 ENTRANCE PAVING TO UNIT 43.篮球场 BASKETBALL COURT 44.网球场 TENNIS COURT 45.阶梯坐台/种植槽 TERRACING SEATWALL / PLANTER 46.广场 MAIN PLAZA 47.森林、瀑布 FOREST GARDEN / WATERFALL 48.石景园 ROCKERY GARDEN 49.旱溪 DRY STREAM 50.凉亭 PAVILION 51.户外淋浴 OUTDOOR SHOWER 52.拉膜结构 TENSILE STRUCTURE 53.台阶 STAIR 54.高尔夫球车停车场 PARKING ( GOLF CAR ) 55.健身站 EXERCISE STATION 56.晨跑小路 JOGGING FOOTPATH 57.车道/人行道 DRIVEWAY / SIDEWALK 58.人行漫步道 PROMENADE 59.瀑布及跳舞喷泉(入口广场) WATERFALL AND DANCING FOUNTAIN ( ENTRY PLAZA ) 60.特色入口 ENTRY FEATURE 61.石景广场 ROCKERY PLAZA 园林建筑术语中国古典园林- classical Chinese garden中国传统园林- traditional Chinese garden中国古代园林- ancient Chinese garden 中国山水园- Chinese mountain and water garden帝王宫苑- imperial palace garden皇家园林- royal garden 私家园林- private garden江南园林- garden on the Yangtze Delta西方古典园林- western classical garden 英国式园林- English style garden中英混合式园林- Anglo-Chinese style garden意大利式园林- Italian style garden西班牙式园林- Spainish style garden法兰西式园林- French style garden勒诺特尔式园林- Le Notres style garden文艺复兴庄园- Renaissance style garden 洛可可式园林- Rococo style garden 巴洛克式园林- Baroque style garden庄园- manor,villa garden廊柱园- peristyle garden,patio绿廊- xystus迷阵- maze,labyrinth灵囿- Ling You Hunting Garden 周代术语灵沼- Ling Zhao Water Garden 周代术语灵台- Ling Tai Platform Garden 周代术语阿房宫- E-Pang Palace 秦代术语上林苑- Shang-Lin Yuan 汉代术语未央宫- Wei-Yang Palace 汉代术语洛阳宫- Luoyang Palace 魏代术语华清宫- Hua-Qing Palace 唐代术语艮岳- Gen Yue Imperial Garden 宋代术语圆明园- Yuan-Ming Yuan Imperial Garden颐和园- Yi-HE Yuan Imperial Garden承德避暑山庄- Chengde Imperial Summer Resort苏州园林- Suzhou traditional garden悬园- Hanging Garden 又称“悬空园”，“架高园”。英国皇家植物园- Royal Botanical Garden, Kew garden 又称“邱园”。凡尔赛宫苑- Versailles Palace Park枫丹白露宫园- Fontainebleau Palace Garden景- view,scenery,feature远景- distant view近景- nearby view障景- obstructive scenery, blocking view 又称“抑景”。借景- borrowed scenery,view borrowing对景- oppositive scenery,view in opposite place 缩景- miniature scenery, abbreviated scenery漏景- leaking through scenery框景- enframed scenery尾景- terminal feature主景- main feature副景- secondary feature配景- objective view夹景- vista line,vista 又称“风景线”前景- front view背景- background景序- order of sceneries景点- feature spot,view spot园林空间- garden space开敞空间- wide open space,wide space封闭空间- encloseure space意境- artistic conception,poetic imagery苍古- antiquity空灵- spaciousness,airiness动观- in-motion viewing静观- in-position viewing轴线- axis,axial line主轴- main axis副轴- auxiliary axis暗轴- hidden axis,invisible axis 又称“隐轴首字母索引A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZAAccessibility - 可达性Accessible route - 易达的路线advance notice - 事先通知aerial photogrammetry - 航空摄影测量aerobic digesters - 需氧消化池aesthetic / structural considerations - 审美方面的考虑aesthetic controls - 审美控制aggregate base - 混合基础AIA - 美国建筑师协会Anaerobic digesters - 厌氧分解池annual rate - 年度比率APA - 美国规划师协会appropriateness of a given site for - 某个特定场地的适宜性arterial streets - 主干道as-built records - 施工记录ASLA - 美国景观设计师协会athletic facility - 运动设施atmosphere and character - 气氛和特征average walking distance - 平均步行距离axioms - 原理BBackfill - 回填backhoe - 挖沟机bar charts - 横道图barrier design - 障碍设计basic components - 基本内容beams - 大梁bearing capacity - 承载力benchmarks - 水准点billing - 帐簿biodiversity - 生物多样性bioengineering - 生物工程biomass - 生物量bioretention ponds - 生物滞留池boardwalks - 栈桥bonding company - 担保公司bonuses - 奖金boundary definition - 边界确定boundary survey - 边界测量brick and concrete block walls - 砖和混凝土砌块墙brownfields - 褐色土地bulldozers - 推土机business development - 商业开发business parks - 商业园区C cadastral survey - 地籍测量camping - 野营 candlepower - 烛光度cantilevered wall - 悬臂墙cascading waterfalls - 瀑布叠水 certificates of payment - 付款证明书certifications of compliance - 应允证明书cesspools - 化粪池，污水坑，污水渗井，粪坑change orders - 变更单changes, unauthorized - 未经同意的变更channels, stormwater - 雨水沟渠，槽，渠道circulation control - 循环控制circulation patterns - 环流模式clay lenses - 粘土防渗层clay soil - 粘土clean-up - 清扫，清理，清除，提纯，净化clean-up and final inspection -清理和检查clearing and grubbing - 清理和除根client - 业主climate zones - 气候带closeout - 竣工cluster treatment systems - 集中式污水处理系统co-ordinates - 坐标cold - 寒带collected rainwater - 收集起来的雨水collector streets - 次干道colloidal soil - 胶质土壤commercial center design - 商业中心设计communication - 电信community commercial - 社区商业community facility standards - 社区设施标准community parks and recreation planning data - 社区公园和文娱体育规划资料community scale - 社区尺度community standards - 社区标准compaction - 压实competition pools - 竞赛用游泳池components - 组分，内容composting toilets - 堆肥厕所conceptualization - 概念化concrete crib wall - 混凝土格笼墙cones of vision - 视锥connected imperviousness - 连续的非渗透地面conservation standards - 保护标准considerations in use of - 用途方面的考虑constructed wetlands - 人工湿地construction - 施工construction document - 施工文件construction layout - 施工布局construction observation - 施工监理construction permits - 施工许可construction sequence - 施工顺序construction survey - 施工测量container plants - 盆栽植物contingencies - 临时费contingency allowance - 临时津贴contract - 合同unauthorized changes - 未经同意的变更contract documents - 合同文件control points - 控制点conveyance techniques, stormwater - 雨水的输送技术corrective observation - 校正性（补救性，修正性）检查（监理）corridors - 廊道cost data - 造价数据cost estimate components - 造价估算内容cost estimating - 造价估算cost plus - 造价累计cost plus fixed - 固定费用之和court - 运动场地court games - 场地运动court surface - 运动场地地面CPM - 关键路径法Critical Path Method. See CPM - 关键路径法，见CPMCSI - 施工规范原理culverts - 涵洞，暗沟，管道cut operations - 挖方工程DDatum - 数据decking - 平台面，铺板decks - 平台，甲板 decks, function of - 平台的功能deferred maintenance - 延期维修（维护）demolition, general - 整体破坏demolition ,selective - 选择性破坏density - 密度depth - 深度design development - 设计扩初，设计深化design framework - 设计框架design impacts - 设计影响design quality - 设计质量design requirements - 设计要求design speed - 设计速度detail scale - 细部尺度detention ponds - 滞留池development - 开发development feasibility planning - 开发的可行性规划development programming - 开发计划development types, industrial and business - 开发类型，工业和商业dimensional Criteria - 标注标准dimensions - 标注dimension of human figures - 人体尺度direct labor - 直接人工费disconnected imperviousness - 不连续的非渗透地面display pumps - 喷灌泵disposal - 处理，处置，排除，清除drip system, low-volume - 耗水量低的滴灌系统DL. See direct labor DL. - 见直接人工费drainage - 排水，流域面积，排洪，排水系统drinking water - 饮用水dry detention ponds - 干滞池durability - 耐久性EEames, Charles and Ray - 查理埃姆斯和雷earthwork - 土方ecological impact - 生态影响economic impact - 经济影响edge habitat - 边缘栖息地edge restraint - 边缘限制electrical lines - 电力线embodied energy - 蕴藏能量endwalls - 尾墙energy - 能量embodied. See embodied energy - 具体化的，见蕴藏能量，具体能量energy costs - 能量造价environmental impact analysis - 环境影响分析environmental impact statement (EIS) - 环境影响报告书（EIS）environmental modification - 环境修复equipment costs - 设备费equipment crew costs - 设备人工费equivalents - 相等物，等同物estimating - 估算estimating water flows - 估算水流量estimating design load - 估算设计荷载evaluation - 评价evaporation - 蒸发evapotranspiration rate - 土壤水分蒸发蒸腾损失总量速率exotic plant species - 外来植物物种eye levels - 视平线Ffabric reinforcement - 纤维加固，织物加强件facilities planning data - 设施规划数据feasibility planning - 可